S l C
ti
L b
Solar Computing Lab
P j t
d G l
Projects and Goals
Prof Dr Frank U HamelmannProf. Dr. Frank U. Hamelmann Prof. Dr. Grit Behrens
FH Bielefeld, Campus Minden
Frank U. Hamelmann
Professor for Physics
Grit Behrens
Professor for Computer
Johannes Weicht
Scientific Employer
Professor for Physics
Thin Film Technologies
/ Photovoltaics
Professor for Computer
Sciences
Web based applications and
li d
tifi i l
Scientific Employer
Photovoltaics
applied artificial
intelligence
FH Bielefeld, Campus Minden
Using Photovoltaics without subcidies,
h
d
h
k?
how does that work?
We will show you!
Recent and Future Projects
• Land NRW: FH Basis 2011 – Universeller Messstand
für Energieeffizienzmessungen
Gesamtfördersumme 75 000 € (bewilligt 15 11 2011)
Dank an das FITT-Team der FH Bielefeld! Gesamtfördersumme 75.000 € (bewilligt 15.11.2011) • BMBF: IngenieurNachwuchs 2012 – Ertragsoptimierung mikromorpher PV-Dünnschichtmodule Dünnschichtmodule Gesamtfördersumme 310.000 € (bewilligt 1.9.2012)
• Land NRW: FH Struktur 2012 - Soziale
Mobilisierungsstrategien im Politikfeld g g Klimaschutz (Mitantragstellerin)
Gesamtfördersumme 240.000 € (bewilligt 1.8.2012)
• Weitere Drittmittelanträge eingereicht über 500.000 €
(BMBF, Land NRW) und geplant (BMU, EU, etc…)
• Kooperationen mit Firmen (Inventux, Schüco, u.a.),
öffentlichen Einrichtungen (Stadt Bielefeld, u.a.),
H h h l / I tit t it (U i Bi l f ld U i
Hochschulen / Instituten europaweit (Uni Bielefeld, Uni Neuchatel, Uni Uppsala, Uni Breslau, Slowakische und Bulgarische Akademie der Wissenschaften, u.a.)
How to use PV without subcidies?
Maximum yield at lowest costs
Reliable forecast of the expected yield for new
Reliable forecast of the expected yield for new systems
Choosing the most profitable and reliable technology for the location
Foto: Schüco
for the location
Fault detection in time
PV as part of the building shell (BIPV)
High Level of self-consumption
Reliable yield forecast for the next hours and days
Optimized adaption of the pv-system to the demand of electricity
Inclusion of storage devices (costs?)
Perfect: PV systems on
Inclusion of heating / warm water
buildings with a high
demand on electricity
during the day
(multi-f
il h
i d
)
Methods and Goals
• Interdisziplinary collaboration between physics and computer science in
research and teachingg
• Outdoor-testfield for PV-modules with mpp-tracking • Universal database for monitoring and analysis
• Development of a simulation model for longterm yield forecast • Development of a simulation model for longterm yield forecast
• Development of a reliable short term yield forecast system based on
weather forecasts
Development auf automated fault detection based on yield data
• Development auf automated fault detection based on yield data
• Development of mobile apps for control and monitoring of PV-systems
Relevant factors on the yield
Irradiation - Season - Intensity - DaytimeDaytime - SpectrumSpectrum
- Clouds - direct / diffuse
- Air pollution
d l Graphic: Solar Computing Lab
- Orientation and tilt
Module temperatur - Air temperatur
- Windspeed
Graphic: Solar Computing Lab
- Mounting
External factors - Soiling / snow
and faults - Shadowing
and faults Shadowing - Bad contacts - Cell defects
D d ti (St bl W ki PID )
Outdoor testfield
Inclusion of external PV-systems possible: • PV-systems with temperature- andPV-systems with temperature- and
irradiation sensors • Weather stations
• Inversters with datalogger • Inversters with datalogger
• Data transmission via internet (XML format preferred)
Outdoor testfield
Independent monitoring of 6 modules
• Soon: expansion to 12 modules • Time resolution 10 seconds
• Measuring complete IV-curve
• Measuring of global radiation, direkt and diffuse radiation rain wind
and diffuse radiation, rain, wind speed and direction, air pressure, air and module temperature
Solar Database
Content of the data
• Data of PV-yieldy
• Data of different sensors • Any time resolution possible
Online Interfaces (XML CSV ftp Online Interfaces (XML, CSV, ftp, http)
• More than 100 commercial
monitored PV-systemsy
• Testfields with higher time
resolution
Efficient query mechanism for Efficient query mechanism for scientific analysis and modelling
Solar Database
-Analysis of all parameters is possible -Contemplation of dependenciesp p
Example: power and fill factor during a Example: power and fill factor during a cloudy day for a-Si module
Example: power and fill factor during a sunny day for poly-Si module
Data Analysis
-Development of flexible web based data analysis tools for evaluation ofy data from our database
-Student project in computer science (web engineering)
Additional:
Mobile apps for easy system -Mobile apps for easy system monitoring
Yield Forecast
-Input of location and system parameters
p
-Calculation of global radiation for a specific day
-Query of weather services as forecast of cloudiness for the next few days of cloudiness for the next few days -Calculation of energy yield to be
expected for the next days with 1 hour resolution
-Student project in computer sciences (web engineering)
-Project will be continued for improved resolution and reliablility
Online-Game about self-consumption of PV-power
-Web based online game
-Teaching about use of PV-powerg p
-Balancing between storage of power in batteries or selling of power at
different prices
Student project in computer sciences -Student project in computer sciences (web engineering)
Evaluation of Thin Film Silicon Technology
Using the advantages of micromorph silicon
Good yield at low light conditions – flat roofs with east-west direction Good yield at low light conditions flat roofs with east west direction Low temperature coefficient – good performance at high temperatures Lower degradation at high temperatures – better performance at higher
temperatures
Current projects (Partner: Inventux, Berlin)
-How can the performance in different climate regions be modeled from lab p g data?
-How can the layer design be changed to inprove the performance in hot areas with high irradation levels?
Outlook
Today it is cheaper in Germany to use PV-power from the roof (13-17 cent per kWh) than buying it (for households > 25 cent per kWh)
It is worth to use self produced PV-power!
Reliable forecasts are needed in order to know how much PV-power can be used
Ensuring Highest yields with easy monitoring Inclusion of storage systems
Combination with heat pump
Combination with heat pump
Using PV-power for warm water generation or air conditioning
G t PV f i d t (fl t f )
Foto: Schüco Great: PV-power for industry (flat roofs)
and multi-family houses, with high self-consumption