Product Data Management

T-86.5141

ENTERPRISE SYSTEMS ARCHITECTURE:

Product Data Management

Asko Martio

Variantum Oy, www.variantum.com

9.10.2007

Variantum Oy

u New Finnish company, established 2002, 9 owners

u Roots in Product Data Management Group (PDMG) of HUT,

established in 1992

u First big project: EDMS for KONE Oyj, first remarkable document

management system in Finland. Today’s status: over 1 000 000 documents, over 3000 active users. PDM and configurable

product related research projects with approx. 20 Finnish companies.

u Best imaginable technological know-how

¬ 2 D.Sc. (Tech), dissertations within configuration domain, 1 Lic. Sc.

(Tech), 4 M. Sc. (Tech)

¬ approx. 50 man-years of industrial experience in different management

Variantum products

System products

u VariSelect, Product family selection tool to highlight product

properties and their differences

u VariSales, Sales configurator for sales order definition

u VariProd, Production configurator that creates Bill of Materials

required by the specified product variant (configuration) for the ERP system

u VariPDM, PDM system for product, document, product model and

workflow management

Service and support products

Contents

u

References, terminology

u

Definition of PDM

u

Background, motivation for PDM

u

PDM Functionality

u

Architecture

References

u Kenneth G. McIntosh ENGINEERING DATA MANAGEMENT

A Guide to Successful Implementation, McGraw-Hill Inc.

u Antti Sääksvuori, Anselmi Immonen Tuotetiedonhallinta PDM,

Talentum Media 2002

u Hannu Peltonen, Asko Martio, Reijo

Sulonen

PDM - Tuotetiedon hallinta,

IT Press 2002

u M. Eigner, R. Stelzer

Produktdatenmanagement-Systeme,

u I. Crnkovic, U. Asklund, A. P. Dahlqvist Product Data Management and Software Configuration

Management, Artech House, Inc. 2003

u John Stark

Product Lifecycle Management,

Paradigm for 21st century Product realisation, Springer 2004

u Rodger Burden

PDM: Product Data Management,

Resource Pub 2003

u www.cimdata.com u www.pdmic.com

Terminology: PDM

Almost any combination of terms is used, PDM (Product

Data Management) and PLM (Product Life-cycle

Management) seem to be most common

PDM PIM EDM TDM TIM Product Data Management Information Engineering Technical Document Enterprise PDT Technology Electronic cPDm Collaborative Asset Definition Lifecycle PLM PAM

Definition: Product

u

Result of industrial activity

general concept

u

Product family, brand, model,

abstract class (cannot

type, product class,

be manufactured)

configurable product

u

Product configuration,

concrete class

fixed product

(can be manufactured)

u

Product individual

physical artifact,

Definition: Product Data (CIMdata)

u

All product related

information

¬ Paper documents ¬ Digital files:

l Document files: specifications,

configurations, purchase orders

l CAD drawings, models,

assemblies, parts lists

l CAE analysis, NC programs and

plans

¬ Information stored in data

bases

u

PDM manages three different

product data life-cycles

¬ Product type life-cycle:

l product development

l approval and change processes l beginning and end of production

¬ Product individual life-cycle:

l engineering

l production, maintenance, recycling

Definition: PDM

u ISO 13584-10 Parts Library:

A representation of facts, concepts, or instructions about one or more products in a formal manner suitable for communication, interpretation, or processing by human beings or by automatic means.

u Crnkovic, Asklund, Persson Dahlqvist (2003):

PDM is the discipline of controlling the evolution of a product and providing other procedures and tools with the accurate product

information at the right time in the right format during the entire Product Life Cycle

u PDT (Product Data Technology)-advisory group:

Product Data Technology includes all aspects of the definition and methods of processing information pertinent to product throughout its development and operational lifecycle.

Definition: PLM (CIMdata)

What is Product Lifecycle Management

(PLM)?

A strategic business approach that applies a

consistent set of business solutions in support of

the collaborative creation, management,

dissemination, and use of product definition

information across the extended enterprise from

concept to end of life –– integrating people,

PDM system status today

u

PDM systems coverage is more restricted:

¬ Current PDM systems do not include commercial data (stocks,

purchase orders, invoices, cost accounting, etc.) of the company. They are managed by Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP)

systems.

¬ Main interest of PDM lays on product support processes (R&D,

etc.)

¬ Many PDM systems do not support configurable products and

product individual and production process life-cycles

u Increased competition

u Global markets, aggressive market behaviour u Shrinking budgets, lower production costs

u Products are becoming more complex, exploiting more technologies and built in vast number of variants

u Quality requirements (ISO 9000 etc) and customer responsiveness

are increasing

u Global manufacturing (expanded teaming) u Government and industry standards

u Less time and money for hassling

u Requirement for more efficient R&D: Concurrent Engineering

PDM motivation:

PDM motivation:

Data integration by system integration

CAD

Design/Engineering Purchasing & Finance

Production _{Process/Plant} MRP System Project Management Manufacturing Sales/Marketing

u

PDM system benefits

¬ direct cost savings

¬ faster time-to-market benefits ¬ change management savings ¬ indirect cost savings

l improved quality

¬ other savings

u

PDM system costs

¬ hardware, software licences

¬ system tailoring, system integration, installation, training ¬ system maintenance

PDM Benefits, example

Experience of a communication satellite program

Metric Standard C.E. Delta (%) Design Hours 5337 5929 4460 16%/25% Span Time (months) 21 19 11 48%/42% Tooling Costs $79,461 $49,993 $42,057 47%/16% No. Changes (15 mo.) 16 24 6 63%/75% No. Changes (30 mo.) 22 28 6 73%/79% No. Quality Reports 23 37 4 83%/89%

PDM Functions

Basic functions

u Item management

¬ Item classification

¬ Item query and reporting ¬ Item individual management ¬ Item manufacturer and vendor

management u Document management u Product structure management u Workflow management ¬ Change management Advanced functions

u Product family management u Master data harmonization u Variant configuration

u Cost and mass calculation u Spare part management u Requirement management u Configuration model

Data vault

u Central storage for

¬ Documents

¬ Product configuration data ¬ Product model data

¬ Product individual data

u Maintains revision and status

data (e.g. electronic approval)

u Files (drawings, documents,

etc.) are managed as “objects”

u Check-out and check-in control u Query, browsing and reporting

u Benefits

¬ Secure, distributed storage of

data

¬ Elimination of redundant files ¬ Managed data sharing among

team members

¬ Managed electronic review and

approval

¬ Management of data

relationships

u Based often on commercial

Data vault

PDM Server Meta-Database

data

Managed referenced files

Object: Document Date: 1/1/95 Project: Motor Part #: 8893-0A Revision: 2.3A Document #: 4569-29 File: A:\PDM\doc\motor\... Application: MS-Word 6.0

u

Item definition

¬ Items from the PDM point of

view are those product related business objects

which are frequently referred in product related processes, e.g. products, materials,

documents, resources, activities. Use of standard items makes management and business transactions easier

PDM items

u

PDM corner stones

u

Item categories

¬ Physical items

l systems, assemblies, parts,

components, accessories

¬ Document items

¬ Product models and

software

Item views

u Life-cycle view

¬ Item revisions

u Classification (type) view

¬ Classification according to

product properties

¬ Classification hierarchy

u Status view

¬ Item approval level ¬ Item efficiency

u Language view

u Structure view

¬ Structures dependent on

processes

l Sales (offer, sales order) structure l Design structure l Manufacturing structure l Delivery structure l Installation structure l Maintenance structure

¬ Physical product structure ¬ Functional structure

u Specifying code

u Parametric class hierarchy

A Basic mechanical materials and components

A2 Non-ferrous metals

- A20 Sheets and strips

• A202 Coated sheets and strips

Fasteners(Length, diameter)

Screws(Length, diameter, thread length)

- Cross head screws(Length, diameter, thread length, head diameter,

u Required to search and browse items efficiently

u Standards: ISO 13584 Part Libraries, IEC 61360 electric

components classification scheme standard

u Examples:

Basic item data

u Identification

¬ Generally approx. 8 character

code

¬ Classifying v. non-classifying ¬ Local v. enterprize wide

u Description

¬ Generally approx. 40

characters of cler text

u Classification

¬ Helps to find items

u Revising ¬ Revising method u Status (recommendation class) u Manufacturers, vendors u Other data

¬ Big systems: approx. 300

fields/item

¬ Item is specified to the level

that is required by its user

Item revisions

u

Warning: there is no approved terminology

u

When an item is changed a new version, which is also an item,

is created. It is

¬ Revision. An item of this type is generated to replace its predecessor

immediately or after a transition period. Therefore, the new revision must be compatible (form, fit and function) with its predecessor.

¬ Variant. Variant concept is sometimes used for products, parts and

items with small differences. An item in this group is related to a higher-level product type.

¬ Independent item. An item in this group is neither a variant nor a

revision of any other item. The relation to its origin is lost. Example: a new independent product

Document management

u Which document types? u Identification method for

documents, document revisions and variants

u Approval of documents u Security archives

u Document tool integration to

PDM

u WWW user interfaces

u Document structure

¬ Document revisions ¬ Document variants

l Equivalence of documents written in different languages l Multilingual documents ¬ Subdocuments l Multipage drawings l Figure files l 3D models ¬ Representations

l Original,, viewing and printing formats

Figure 2.5 Quantified BOM of a bicycle.

Tire Spoke Hub

1 32 1 Saddle Bicycle Pedal Wheels Handlebars Frame 1 2 1 2 1

Product structure

Product (breakdown) structure

-general

u All structure items represent elements which can be delivered with the

product. They are often physically attached to it.

Product requisites like coatings, paints, welding wires, packages, adhesives, lubricants, chemicals are often left out of product structures.

u All items are identified with a code. A clear text description is required as

support information.

u Physical products include only physical objects as components:

¬ non-decomposable (atomic) component, e.g. bolt, integrated circuit,

cardboard package box, user manual

¬ multipart component

l subassembly, e.g. phone receiver

l kit (group, no assembly process), e.g. installation accessories

¬ other material, e.g. 50 m rope, 3 l oil

Product structure references

Documents are linked to products:

u Product - parts list, assembly

drawing

¬ Often this link is built into the

identification system

u Product - other manufacturing

documents

¬ Assembly instructions ¬ Test instructions

¬ Product specifications, etc.

u Product - deliverable documents

¬ deliverable documents are items in

product structure

In addition to document links other type of items can be attached to product structures

¬ Product - jigs, fixtures ¬ Product - tools

¬ Product - embedded

software

1 Quality 2 Attributes 3 Materials 4 Process 1 Quality 2 Attributes 3 Materials 4 Process

Assembly drawing and BOM

Test Data Analysis Report Marketing Definition Phone Receiver Revision A Revision B Revision A Revision B Revision A Revision B Revision A Revision A Revision A Revision A Revision A

Modelling concepts

item description component specification relationship position condition has part quantity component 123 description = … specification = … component 456 description = … specification = … position = … condition = … quantity = …

document has document

document 234 description = … position = … condition = … object types objects

Workflow management

u Defined and automated

workflow/processes

¬ By project, status level, product type, ... ¬ Sequential, parallel, conditional steps ¬ Voting rules and time-outs

¬ Folder/package maintenance ¬ Notification and distribution

¬ Audit processes and actions “triggers”

u Process browse/reporting u Only for stable processes

¬ Change management ¬ Document approvals

u Change process phases

¬ Change request (ECR,

Engineering Change Request)

l Internal and external product claims and messages

¬ Change proposal (ECP)

l Consolidation of change requests

l Evaluation of change effects

¬ Change order (ECO)

l Decided change actions

¬ Change follow-up

l Registration of accomplished actions

u Communications, E-mail u Data transport

u Data translation

u Viewing and annotation u Image services

u Administration

¬ System security control ¬ System management ¬ Password management

Utility functions

u Data security services

¬ data redundancy, disk

mirroring

¬ fault tolerant disks,

RAID-technology (Redundant Array of Inexpensive Disks) ¬ automatic back-ups ¬ data encryption u Authentication services u Authorisation services ¬ viewing authorisation ¬ change authorisation

PDM system architecture

Application User CAD/CAM, NC, Purchasing Documentation, Etc. CAD Private Files Managed Files

PDM Server

Meta-Database data PDM User Multiple Applications data data control WEB server WEB User Intranet Object: Document Date: 1/1/95 Project: Motor Part #: 8893-0A Revision: 2.3A Document #: 4569-29 File: A:\PDM\doc\motor\... Application: MS-Word 6.0

PDM system selection and

implementation

u Project definition

u Evaluation of the current status

u System scope definition u Prioritised requirements/

feature summary / configuration plan

u Short list selection evaluation u Request for proposals

u Demonstration / benchmark

requirements

u Demonstration / benchmark

Evaluation

u Reference visit agenda

u Reference visit evaluation u Proposal evaluation

u Pilot project definition

u Pilot project implementation

log

u Pilot project analysis (vs.

benefit targets)

PDM Summary

u

Organisations which do not take PDM seriously will face

difficulties

u

The following factors increase PDM importance:

¬ organisation size ¬ internationality

¬ product complexity

¬ number of product variants

u

PDM system implementation without management