The Euromedian M Complexity theory and
Walter Baets, PhD, HDR Associate Dean for Research MBA Director
Professor Complexity , Knowledge and Innovatio Euromed Marseille Ecole de Management
Management Approach
the quantum interpretation
on
Flatland: Edwin Abbo
A. Square meetq
tt, 1884
ts the third dimension
Taylor’s view on th The computer: attempt to
Manipulating symbols Represent the world
Intelligence = problem solving 0-1 Logic and mathematics Ap Rationalist, reductionist
Became the way of buildi Became the way of lo Became the way of lo
he brain
automate human thinking
Modeling the brain
Simulate interaction of neurons g Intelligence = learning
pproximations, statistics Idealized, holistic
ing computers ooking at minds ooking at minds
Sometimes small differe conditions generate very in the final phenomena.
former could produce a the latter.
Prediction becomes impo accidental phenomena.
P P
ences in the initial y large differences A slight error in the
tremendous error in
ossible; we have
i é i 1903 oincaré in 1903
Sensitivity to initial
X * X
Xn+1 = a * Xn
0.294 1.4 0.3
conditions (Lorenz)
* (1 X )
n * (1 - Xn)
3 0.7
Cobweb Diagrams (Att Cobweb Diagrams (Att
Xn+1 = μ * Xn * dX / dt = μ X (1 -μ (
On the diagram
• Parabolic curv Di l li
• Diagonal line
• Line connectin
tractors/Period Doubling) tractors/Period Doubling)
(1 - Xn) (stepfunction)
- X)) (continuous function)( )
ms one gets:
ve
X X
Xn+1 = Xn ng iterations
h h
Why can chaos n
• Social systems areSocial systems are non-linear
• Measurement can Measurement can
M i l
• Management is alw approximation o approximation o phenomenon
b d d not be avoided ?
e always dynamic and e always dynamic and
never be correct never be correct
di i
ways a discontinuous of a continuous
of a continuous
I i ibili f i
• Irriversibility of ti Constructive role o
• Newtonian fixed tim fi i h d (Q t
finished (Quantum A tifi i l lif
• Artificial life resea (John Holland; Chr
i i l / me principle/
of time (Ilya Prigogine) me-space concept is
h i ) m mechanics)
h / I t ti t arch / Interacting agents
ris Langton)
• Self-creation and se systems and struc systems and struc
• Organization as a neOrganization as a ne
• The embodied mindThe embodied mind
• Enacted cognitionEnacted cognition
• But: self-referencef f
• Morphic fields and m
Francesco Varela
(Rupert Sheldrakep
Francesco Varela
elf-organization of ctures (autopoièse) ctures (autopoièse)
eural network eural network
e is the devil
morphic resonance
a
e) p
a
Law of increasing Law of increasing (Brian Arthur)
• Characteristics of th ( li d
(a non-linear dynam
• Phenomenon of incre
• Positive feed-back
• No equilibrium
• Quantum structure oQ m (WB)
returns returns
he information economy i )
ic system)
asing returns
of business f
Summary (un
• Non - linearity
• Dynamic behavio
• Dynamic behavio
• Dependence on i P i d d bli
• Period doubling
• Existence of att
• Determinism
• Emergence at thEmergence at th
ntil now)
or
orinitial conditions
tractors
he edge of chaos he edge of chaos
Gödel’s theorem: 1931 Gödel s theorem: 1931
No absolute axiomatic syst Relativity theory (Einstein) No absolute measurement i Quantum mechanics: first p Observation is interpretati Observation is interpretati Complexity theory (Prigoginp y y Emergence, bifurcations, st
tem is possible
): first part of the 20st century is possible
part of the 20st century ion
ion
ne): second part of 20st centuryp y trange attractors
Once holism and complm mp we cannot avoid a fund
PAULI comple (=occurringSyy
From causal coherence (from cause to effect)
A-cau
exity acceptedy p damental question ementary physics
ynchronicity
y y
g–together-in-time)
Coincidence
(occurring together) usal links
hence….
A quantum i
non-lo non-lo synchroy
entang
nterpretation
ocality;
ocality;
onicity; y glement
Mechanistic ver
The evolution i
Product oriented Unique distribution channelsq Control
Stability
M t b bj ti
Management by objective Processes are the assets
Hierarchical organization Hierarchical organization Machine thinking (symbolic)
Industrial era
rsus organic:g
n business
The client co-creates Multiple channelsp
Emergent processes
Change (learning) is the goal
M t i h d l it
Management in change and complexity Learning is the asset
Human networks Human networks
Human thinking (fuzzy) Knowledge era
S t
Some quantum
Maxwell, Planck and Bohr: intro beauty and coherence beauty and coherence Heisenberg, Pauli, Jordan and D
event-by-event causality well-defined trajectorie In 1935, Schrödinger formulate P li: B k d h si s h s Pauli: Background physics has a
to a natural science whi as with consciousness as with consciousness Pauli accepted that physical val
in the eyes of the obser of human consciousness
t i
m stories
oduced criteria such as fertility, Dirac: we no longer have
ty and particles do not follow y p es in a space-time background ed his famous ‘cat paradox’
h t l i i d th t l ds n archetypal origin and that leads
ich will work just as well with matter lues, as much as archetypes, change
rver. Observation is the result s
So, on the Copenhagen interp physical processes are, at the inherently indeterministic an inherently indeterministic an classical physics is dead. The entanglement (or non-separab entanglement (or non separa gives rise to the measuremen makes it impossible to assign
bi i l d h i l arbitrary isolated physical sy with another system in the pa systems are no longer interac systems are no longer interac characteristic of quantum sys indication of the ‘holistic’ cha
pretation of quantum mechanics, e most fundamental level, both
d non local The ontology of d non-local. The ontology of e heart of the problem is the
bility) of quantum states that l ty) of quantum states that nt problem. This entanglement
independent properties to an i h i d ystem once it has interacted ast – even though these two cting The non-separability cting. The non-separability
stems can be seen as an aracter of such systems.y
A quantum in
In the arts: Cara et Murphy In linguistics: Dalla Chiarra eg In the physical sciences: Pau In biology: Sheldrake (morph I m di i : Ch th A In medicine: Chopra, the Ay
regular medici
nterpretation
yet Giuntini
hogenetic fields and resonance)uli d b t l i i l i yurveda, but also increasingly in
ine
A beginning of g g
Some research pr Complexity and emergent learninp y g
Agents, Sara Lee/DE
Innovation in SME’s: a network s
ANN b i t i
ANNs, brainstorm sessio Telemedecin: a systemic researc
medical care market:
medical care market:
Agents
Knowledge management at Akzo creation ability:
ANNs, Akzo Nobel Information ecology:
Information ecology:
For the moment a concep Agentsg
Conflict management Agents
K l d t t Bi
Knowledge management at Bison Agents
evidence
ojects
ng in innovation projects:g p j structure:
onsch into the ICT innovations in the
Nobel: improving the knowledge
ptual model
t ib ti t i ti : contribution to innovation
Research
I h f
In search of «
Expected contributions
• Can we visualize synchronicit
• What are the organizing prin emergence
emergence
• Emergent concepts in manag
• « Complex Adaptive SystemsComplex Adaptive Systems Agents, Neural Networ
• The contribution of this par
i i i i
innovation in companies
• Another understanding of inn
h agenda
h i it
synchronicity »
ty in management
nciples and what is precisely ement
s » as research tools s as research tools rks, Learning systems
adigm for knowledge, learning and snovation
