HAMMER V8i User's Guide

1

Bentley HAMMER V8i

Getting Started in Bentley HAMMER V8i Quick Start Lessons

Understanding the Workspace Creating Models

Using ModelBuilder to Transfer Existing Data Applying Elevation Data with TRex

Allocating Demands using LoadBuilder Reducing Model Complexity with Skelebrator Scenarios and Alternatives

Modeling Capabilities Presenting Your Results Importing and Exporting Data Technical Reference

Bentley HAMMER V8i Theory and Practice Menus

Element Properties Reference Technical Information Resources Glossary

Contents

Chapter 1: Bentley HAMMER V8i

1

Chapter 1: Getting Started in Bentley HAMMER V8i

1

What’s New in Bentley HAMMER?. . . .1-1 What is Bentley HAMMER? . . . .1-2 Capabilities of Bentley HAMMER . . . .1-2 Municipal License Administrator Auto-Configuration. . . .1-3 Starting Bentley HAMMER V8i . . . .1-3 Working with Bentley HAMMER Files . . . .1-4 Exiting Bentley HAMMER . . . .1-6 Using Online Help . . . .1-6 Software Updates via the Web and Bentley SELECT. . . .1-10 Troubleshooting . . . .1-10 Checking Your Current Registration Status . . . 1-11 Application Window Layout . . . 1-11 Standard Toolbar . . . .1-12 Edit Toolbar . . . .1-14 Analysis Toolbar . . . .1-15 Scenarios Toolbar . . . .1-16 Compute Toolbar . . . .1-17 View Toolbar . . . .1-19 Help Toolbar . . . .1-20 Layout Toolbar. . . .1-21 Tools Toolbar . . . .1-25 Zoom Toolbar . . . .1-28 Customizing Bentley HAMMER Toolbars and Buttons . . . .1-31 Bentley HAMMER Dynamic Manager Display . . . .1-32 WaterObjects Help for Model Users . . . .1-37

Chapter 2: Quick Start Lessons

43

ANALYSIS WITHOUT SURGE PROTECTION EQUIPMENT. . . 2-57

Reviewing your Results . . . 2-59

ANALYSISWITH SURGE-PROTECTION EQUIPMENT. . . 2-60 Part 5—Animating Transient Results at Points and along Profiles . . . 2-62 Part 6—Viewing Time History Graphs in Bentley HAMMER . . . 2-63 Lesson 2: Network Risk Reduction . . . 2-66 Part 1—Importing and Verifying the Initial Steady-States . . . 2-66 Part 2—Selecting the Key Transient Events to Model . . . 2-70 Part 3—Performing a Transient Analysis. . . 2-70 ANALYSISWITHOUT SURGE PROTECTION . . . 2-70 ANALYSISWITH SURGE-PROTECTION EQUIPMENT. . . 2-74 Part 4—Color-Coding Maps, Profiles, and Point Histories. . . 2-80

Chapter 3: Understanding the Workspace

87

Stand-Alone . . . 3-87 The Drawing View . . . 3-87 PANNING. . . 3-87 ZOOMING. . . 3-88

Zoom Dependent Visibility . . . 3-91

DRAWING STYLE . . . 3-93 Using Aerial View. . . 3-94 Using Background Layers . . . 3-95 IMAGE PROPERTIES. . . 3-102 SHAPEFILE PROPERTIES. . . 3-104 DXF PROPERTIES . . . 3-105 Show Flow Arrows (Stand-Alone) . . . 3-106 MicroStation Environment . . . 3-106 Getting Started in the MicroStation environment . . . 3-107 The MicroStation Environment Graphical Layout . . . 3-109 MicroStation Project Files . . . .3-111 SAVING YOUR PROJECTIN MICROSTATION. . . .3-111 Bentley HAMMER V8i Element Properties . . . 3-112 ELEMENT PROPERTIES. . . 3-112 ELEMENT LEVELS DIALOG . . . 3-113 TEXT STYLES. . . 3-113 View Associations (MicroStation Only) . . . 3-113 Working with Elements . . . 3-115

SNAP MENU . . . 3-118 BACKGROUND FILES . . . 3-118 IMPORT BENTLEY HAMMER V8I. . . 3-118

ANNOTATION DISPLAY. . . 3-118 MULTIPLEMODELS. . . 3-118 Native Format Contours . . . 3-119 Working in AutoCAD. . . 3-119 The AutoCAD Workspace . . . .3-120 AUTOCAD INTEGRATIONWITH BENTLEY HAMMER . . . .3-120 GETTING STARTED WITHIN AUTOCAD . . . .3-121 MENUS. . . .3-121 DRAWING SETUP. . . .3-122 SYMBOL VISIBILITY . . . .3-122 AUTOCAD PROJECT FILES . . . .3-122 DRAWING SYNCHRONIZATION. . . .3-123 SAVINGTHE DRAWINGAS DRAWING*.DWG. . . .3-124 Working with Elements Using AutoCAD Commands . . . .3-124 BENTLEY HAMMER CUSTOM AUTOCAD ENTITIES . . . .3-125 EXPLODE ELEMENTS. . . .3-125 MOVING ELEMENTS. . . .3-126 MOVING ELEMENT LABELS. . . .3-126 SNAP MENU . . . .3-126 POLYGON ELEMENT VISIBILITY. . . .3-126 UNDO/REDO . . . .3-126 CONTOUR LABELING . . . .3-127 Working in ArcGIS . . . .3-128 ArcGIS Integration. . . .3-129 ARCGIS INTEGRATIONWITH BENTLEY HAMMER V8I. . . .3-130 Registering and Unregistering Bentley HAMMER V8i with ArcGIS. . . .3-130 ArcGIS Applications . . . .3-130 Using ArcCatalog with a Bentley HAMMER V8i Database . . . .3-131 ARCCATALOG GEODATABASE COMPONENTS . . . .3-131 The Bentley HAMMER V8i ArcMap Client . . . .3-131 GETTING STARTED WITHTHE ARCMAP CLIENT. . . .3-131 MANAGING PROJECTS IN ARCMAP. . . .3-132 ATTACH GEODATABASE DIALOG. . . .3-134 LAYINGOUTA MODELINTHE ARCMAP CLIENT. . . .3-135 USING GEOTABLES . . . .3-135 BENTLEY HAMMER RENDERER . . . .3-136 SHOW FLOW ARROWS (ARCGIS). . . .3-136 LAYER SYMBOLOGY. . . .3-137 Multiple Client Access to Bentley HAMMER Projects . . . .3-137 Synchronizing the GEMS Datastore and the Geodatabase . . . .3-137 Rollbacks. . . .3-138

Google Earth Export . . . 3-140 Google Earth Export from the MicroStation Platform . . . 3-141 Google Earth Export from ArcGIS . . . 3-143 Using a Google Earth View as a Background Layer to Draw a Model. . . 3-145

Chapter 4: Creating Models

151

Starting a Project . . . 4-151 Bentley HAMMER V8i Projects . . . 4-152 Database Format Conversion . . . 4-153 Setting Project Properties . . . 4-154 Setting Options . . . 4-155 OPTIONS DIALOG BOX - GLOBAL TAB . . . 4-156

Stored Prompt Responses Dialog Box . . . 4-160

OPTIONS DIALOG BOX - PROJECT TAB . . . 4-161 OPTIONS DIALOG BOX - DRAWING TAB. . . 4-163 OPTIONS DIALOG BOX - UNITS TAB. . . 4-165 OPTIONS DIALOG BOX - LABELING TAB. . . 4-168 OPTIONS DIALOG BOX - PROJECTWISE TAB . . . 4-169 Working with ProjectWise . . . 4-170 SETTING UP PROJECTWISE INTEGRATION. . . 4-176 ABOUT PROJECTWISE GEOSPATIAL . . . 4-177

Maintaining Project Geometry . . . 4-178 Setting the Project Spatial Reference System . . . 4-178 Interaction with ProjectWise Explorer. . . 4-179

Elements and Element Attributes . . . 4-181 Pipes . . . 4-182 MINOR LOSSES DIALOG BOX . . . 4-184 MINOR LOSS COEFFICIENTS DIALOG BOX. . . 4-186 WAVE SPEED CALCULATOR . . . 4-188 Junctions . . . 4-193 DEMAND COLLECTION DIALOG BOX . . . 4-194 UNIT DEMAND COLLECTION DIALOG BOX . . . 4-194 EXPORT. . . 4-195 Hydrants . . . 4-196 HYDRANT LATERAL LOSS. . . 4-196 Tanks . . . 4-196 Reservoirs . . . 4-200 Pumps . . . 4-201 P D D B . . . 4-202

Specific Speed . . . 4-218 First-Quadrant and Four-Quadrant Representations . . . 4-220 Variable-Speed Pumps (VSP or VFD) . . . 4-221

PUMP CURVE DISPLAY . . . .4-222 Variable Speed Pump Battery . . . .4-225 Pump Stations . . . .4-226 PUMPS DIALOG BOX . . . .4-228 POLYGON VERTICES DIALOG BOX . . . .4-229 Valves . . . .4-229 DEFINING VALVE CHARACTERISTICS. . . .4-234

Valve Characteristics Dialog Box . . . 4-234 Valve Characteristic Curve Dialog Box . . . 4-236

GENERAL NOTE ABOUT LOSS COEFFICIENTSON VALVES . . . .4-237 MODULATING CONTROL VALVE. . . .4-238 Spot Elevations . . . .4-239 Turbines . . . .4-239 IMPULSE TURBINE . . . .4-241 REACTION TURBINES. . . .4-242 MODELING HYDRAULIC TRANSIENTSIN HYDROPOWER PLANTS . . . .4-244 TURBINE PARAMETERSIN HAMMER . . . .4-248 TURBINE CURVE DIALOG BOX . . . .4-249 Periodic Head-Flow Elements . . . .4-250 PERIODIC HEAD-FLOW PATTERN DIALOG BOX . . . .4-251 Air Valves . . . .4-251 DETERMININGTHE TYPEOF AIR VALVETO USE . . . .4-254 AIR FLOW CURVES DIALOG BOX . . . .4-257 AIR FLOW-PRESSURE CURVE . . . .4-258 Hydropneumatic Tanks . . . .4-259 INITIAL CONDITIONS ATTRIBUTES. . . .4-264 GAS LAWVS. CONSTANT AREA APPROXIMATION . . . .4-266 TRANSIENT SIMULATION ATTRIBUTES. . . .4-266 TRACKINGTHE AIR-LIQUID INTERFACE. . . .4-270 VARIABLE ELEVATION CURVE DIALOG BOX. . . .4-271 Surge Valves . . . .4-272 Check Valves. . . .4-273 Rupture Disks . . . .4-274 Discharge to Atmosphere Elements . . . .4-274 Orifice Between Pipes Elements . . . .4-276 Valve with Linear Area Change Elements . . . .4-277 Surge Tanks . . . .4-277 Protective Equipment Reference. . . .4-282 Other Tools . . . .4-284 BORDER TOOL. . . .4-285 TEXT TOOL . . . .4-285 LINE TOOL. . . .4-286

Manipulating Elements . . . 4-301 Select, Move, and Delete Elements. . . 4-302 Splitting Pipes . . . 4-304 Reconnect Pipes . . . 4-305 Modeling Curved Pipes . . . 4-305 POLYLINE VERTICES DIALOG BOX. . . 4-306 Assign Isolation Valves to Pipes Dialog Box . . . 4-306 Batch Pipe Split Dialog Box . . . 4-308 BATCH PIPE SPLIT WORKFLOW . . . 4-309 Batch Morph . . . 4-310 Merge Nodes in Close Proximity . . . 4-311 Select Adjacent Links . . . 4-312 Editing Element Attributes . . . 4-312 Property Editor . . . 4-312 LABELING ELEMENTS . . . 4-315 RELABELING ELEMENTS. . . 4-315 SET FIELD OPTIONS DIALOG BOX. . . 4-315

Date/Time Formats. . . 4-316

Using Named Views. . . 4-317 Using Selection Sets . . . 4-319 Selection Sets Manager. . . 4-320 Group-Level Operations on Selection Sets . . . 4-325 Using the Network Navigator . . . 4-326 Using the Duplicate Labels Query . . . 4-332 Using the Pressure Zone Manager. . . 4-333 Pressure Zone Export Dialog Box . . . 4-343 Pressure Zone Flow Balance Tool Dialog Box. . . 4-344 Using Prototypes . . . 4-345 Zones . . . 4-349 Engineering Libraries . . . 4-351 Transient Valve Curve Editor . . . 4-355 Transient Pump Curve Editor. . . 4-356 Transient Turbine Curve Editor . . . 4-357 Valve Relative Closure Curve Editor . . . 4-358 Hyperlinks . . . 4-358 Using Queries . . . 4-366

Enumeration Editor Dialog Box . . . .4-385 User Data Extensions Import Dialog Box . . . .4-386 Formula Dialog Box. . . .4-386 Property Grid Customizations Manager . . . .4-388 Customization Editor Dialog Box. . . .4-389 Tooltip Customization. . . .4-390 Tooltip Customization Editor . . . .4-391 i-Models . . . .4-391 Publishing an i-model . . . .4-392 Viewing an i-model . . . .4-395

Chapter 5: Using ModelBuilder to Transfer Existing Data

399

Preparing to Use ModelBuilder . . . .5-399 ModelBuilder Connections Manager. . . .5-402 Specify Datasource Location. . . .5-406 Microsoft Access Database Engine Version . . . .5-406 ModelBuilder Wizard. . . .5-407 Step 1—Specify Data Source . . . .5-408 Step 2—Specify Spatial Options . . . .5-410 Step 3 - Specify Element Create/Remove/Update Options . . . .5-412 Step 4—Additional Options . . . .5-414 Step 5—Specify Field mappings for each Table/Feature Class . . . .5-417 Step 6—Build operation Confirmation . . . .5-421 Reviewing Your Results . . . .5-422 Multi-select Data Source Types . . . .5-422 ModelBuilder Warnings and Error Messages. . . .5-423 ModelBuilder Warnings . . . .5-423 ModelBuilder Error Messages . . . .5-424 ESRI ArcGIS Geodatabase Support . . . .5-425 Geodatabase Features . . . .5-425 Geometric Networks . . . .5-426 ArcGIS Geodatabase Features versus ArcGIS Geometric Network . . . .5-426 Subtypes . . . .5-427 SDE (Spatial Database Engine) . . . .5-427 Specifying Network Connectivity in ModelBuilder . . . .5-427 Sample Spreadsheet Data Source . . . .5-429 The GIS-ID Property . . . .5-430

Modelbuilder Import Procedures . . . 5-432 Importing Pump Definitions Using ModelBuilder . . . 5-433 Using ModelBuilder to Import Pump Curves . . . 5-438 Using ModelBuilder to Import Patterns . . . 5-442 Using ModelBuilder to Import Time Series Data . . . 5-446 Oracle as a Data Source for ModelBuilder . . . 5-452 Oracle/ArcSDE Behavior . . . 5-453

Chapter 6: Applying Elevation Data with TRex

455

The Importance of Accurate Elevation Data . . . 6-455 Numerical Value of Elevation . . . 6-456 Accuracy and Precision . . . 6-457 Obtaining Elevation Data . . . 6-457 Record Types . . . 6-459 Calibration Nodes . . . 6-460 TRex Terrain Extractor . . . 6-460 TRex Wizard . . . 6-462 TRex Supported Terrain Models . . . 6-467

Chapter 7: Allocating Demands using LoadBuilder

469

Using GIS for Demand Allocation . . . 7-469 Allocation . . . 7-470 Billing Meter Aggregation. . . 7-472 Distribution . . . 7-473 Projection . . . 7-475 Using LoadBuilder to Assign Loading Data . . . 7-476 LoadBuilder Manager . . . 7-476 LoadBuilder Wizard . . . 7-477 LoadBuilder Run Summary . . . 7-489 Unit Line Method . . . 7-489 Generating Thiessen Polygons . . . 7-491 Thiessen Polygon Creator Dialog Box . . . 7-494 Creating Boundary Polygon Feature Classes . . . 7-496

Chapter 8: Reducing Model Complexity with Skelebrator

515

Skeletonization . . . .8-516 Skeletonization Example . . . .8-517 Common Automated Skeletonization Techniques. . . .8-519 Generic—Data Scrubbing . . . .8-519 Generic—Branch Trimming . . . .8-519 Generic—Series Pipe Removal. . . .8-520 Skeletonization Using Skelebrator . . . .8-521 Skelebrator—Smart Pipe Removal . . . .8-521 Skelebrator—Branch Collapsing . . . .8-522 Skelebrator—Series Pipe Merging . . . .8-523 Skelebrator—Parallel Pipe Merging . . . .8-525 Skelebrator—Inline Isolation Valve Replacement . . . .8-526 Skelebrator—Other Skelebrator Features. . . .8-527 Skelebrator—Conclusion. . . .8-528 Using the Skelebrator Software . . . .8-529 Skeletonizer Manager . . . .8-530 BATCH RUN . . . .8-534 PROTECTED ELEMENTS MANAGER. . . .8-536

Selecting Elements from Skelebrator. . . 8-536

Manual Skeletonization . . . .8-539 Branch Collapsing Operations. . . .8-542 Parallel Pipe Merging Operations . . . .8-544 Series Pipe Merging Operations . . . .8-546 Smart Pipe Removal Operations. . . .8-550 Inline Isolating Valve Replacement . . . .8-552 Conditions and Tolerances . . . .8-553 PIPE CONDITIONSAND TOLERANCES . . . .8-554 JUNCTION CONDITIONSAND TOLERANCES . . . .8-555 Skelebrator Progress Summary Dialog Box . . . .8-556 Backing Up Your Model . . . .8-556 Skeletonization and Scenarios . . . .8-557 Importing/Exporting Skelebrator Settings . . . .8-558 Skeletonization and Active Topology. . . .8-559

Chapter 9: Scenarios and Alternatives

561

Understanding Scenarios and Alternatives . . . .9-561 . . . Advantages of Automated Scenario Management9-561 . . . A History of What-If Analyses9-562

. . . Inheritance9-566 OVERRIDING INHERITANCE. . . 9-567 . . . DYNAMIC INHERITANCE9-567 . . . Local and Inherited Values9-568 . . . Minimizing Effort through Attribute Inheritance9-568 . . . .Minimizing Effort through Scenario Inheritance9-569 Scenario Example - A Water Distribution System . . . 9-570 . . . Building the Model (Average Day Conditions)9-570 . . . Analyzing Different Demands (Maximum Day Conditions)9-571 . . . Another Set of Demands (Peak Hour Conditions)9-572 . . . Correcting an Error9-572 . . . Analyzing Improvement Suggestions9-573 . . . .Finalizing the Project9-573 . . . Scenarios9-574 Scenarios Manager . . . 9-575 Base and Child Scenarios . . . 9-577 . . . Creating Scenarios9-577 . . . EDITING SCENARIOS9-578

Alternatives . . . 9-579 Alternatives Manager . . . 9-580 Alternative Editor Dialog Box . . . 9-582 . . . Base and Child Alternatives9-583 . . . .Creating Alternatives9-584 . . . Editing Alternatives9-584 Active Topology Alternative . . . 9-586 Physical Alternative . . . 9-590 Demand Alternatives . . . 9-594 Initial Settings Alternative . . . 9-595 Operational Alternatives . . . 9-599 Age Alternatives. . . 9-602 Constituent Alternatives . . . 9-605 CONSTITUENTS MANAGER DIALOG BOX . . . 9-609 Trace Alternative . . . 9-610 Fire Flow Alternative . . . 9-613 . . . FILTER DIALOG BOX9-618 Energy Cost Alternative . . . 9-619 Pressure Dependent Demand Alternative . . . 9-622

Model and Optimize a Distribution System . . . .10-637 Steady-State/Extended Period Simulation . . . .10-638 Steady-State Simulation . . . .10-639 Extended Period Simulation (EPS) . . . .10-639 Hydraulic Transient Pressure Analysis. . . .10-640 Rigid-Column Simulation. . . .10-641 Data Requirements and Boundary Conditions . . . .10-642 Analysis of Transient Forces . . . .10-643 Infrastructure and Risk Management . . . .10-645 Water Column Separation and Vapor Pockets . . . .10-645 GLOBAL ADJUSTMENTTO VAPOR PRESSURE . . . .10-646 GLOBAL ADJUSTMENTTO WAVE SPEED. . . .10-646 WAVE SPEED REDUCTION FACTOR . . . .10-647 AUTOMATICOR DIRECT SELECTIONOFTHE TIME STEP. . . .10-649 Validate . . . .10-649 Orifice Demand and Intrusion Potential. . . .10-650 Numerical Model Calibration and Validation . . . .10-651 GATHERING FIELD MEASUREMENTS. . . .10-653 TIMINGAND SHAPEOF TRANSIENT PRESSURE PULSES. . . .10-653 Application of HAMMER to Typical Problems - Overview . . . .10-654 How Valve Discharge Coefficient Values are Exported to the HAMMER Engine . 10-656

Calculate Network . . . .10-657 Copy Initial Conditions Dialog Box . . . .10-659 Selection of the Time Step . . . .10-660 Using a User-Defined Time Step . . . .10-661 Transient Time Step Options Dialog . . . .10-662 Global Demand and Roughness Adjustments . . . .10-663 Check Data/Validate . . . .10-665 User Notifications . . . .10-666 User Notification Details Dialog Box . . . .10-670 Post Calculation Processor . . . .10-671 Flow Emitters. . . .10-672 Parallel VSPs . . . .10-673 Calculation Options . . . .10-674 Controlling Results Output . . . .10-681 Flow Tolerance . . . .10-683 Determining the Transient Run Duration . . . .10-684 Vapor Pressure . . . .10-685 Selecting the Transient Friction Method . . . .10-686

Controls Tab. . . 10-698 Conditions Tab . . . 10-702 Actions Tab . . . 10-709 Control Sets Tab . . . 10-713 LOGICAL CONTROL SETS DIALOG BOX . . . 10-714 Control Wizard . . . 10-715 Active Topology . . . 10-716 Active Topology Selection Dialog Box . . . 10-717 External Tools . . . 10-719 Modeling Tips. . . 10-721 Modeling a Pumped Groundwater Well . . . 10-721 Modeling Parallel Pipes . . . 10-722 Modeling Pumps in Parallel and Series . . . 10-723 Modeling Hydraulically Close Tanks . . . 10-724 Modeling Fire Hydrants . . . 10-724 Modeling a Connection to an Existing Water Main . . . 10-724 Top Feed/Bottom Gravity Discharge Tank . . . 10-726 Estimating Hydrant Discharge Using Flow Emitters . . . 10-727 Modeling Variable Speed Pumps . . . 10-729 TYPESOF VARIABLE SPEED PUMPS . . . 10-730 PATTERN BASED . . . 10-730 FIXED HEAD. . . 10-730 CONTROLSWITH FIXED HEAD OPERATION . . . 10-731 PARALLEL VSPS . . . 10-732 VSP CONTROLLEDBY DISCHARGE SIDE TANK . . . 10-732 VSP CONTROLLEDBY SUCTION SIDE TANK . . . 10-733 FIXED FLOW VSP . . . 10-734

Chapter 11: Presenting Your Results

735

Transient Results Viewer . . . 11-735 Using the Java Transient Results Viewer . . . 11-737 Format Graph Shortcut Viewer . . . 11-738 Transients Results Viewer Dialog (New) . . . 11-741 Profiles Tab. . . 11-741 TRANSIENT PROFILE VIEWER DIALOG BOX . . . 11-742

Transient Profile Viewer Options Dialog Box . . . 11-744

Color Coding Legends. . . 11-761 Contours . . . 11-762 Contour Definition . . . 11-764 Contour Plot . . . 11-767 Contour Browser Dialog Box . . . 11-767 Enhanced Pressure Contours . . . 11-768 Using Profiles . . . 11-768 Profile Setup . . . 11-770 Profile Series Options Dialog Box . . . 11-774 Profile Viewer . . . 11-775 Viewing and Editing Data in FlexTables . . . 11-783 FlexTables . . . 11-784 Working with FlexTable Folders . . . 11-788 FlexTable Dialog Box. . . 11-789 Opening FlexTables. . . 11-791 Creating a New FlexTable . . . 11-791 Deleting FlexTables . . . 11-792 Naming and Renaming FlexTables . . . 11-792 Editing FlexTables . . . 11-793 Sorting and Filtering FlexTable Data . . . 11-796 CUSTOM SORT DIALOG BOX . . . 11-799 Customizing Your FlexTable . . . 11-800 Element Relabeling Dialog . . . 11-801 FlexTable Setup Dialog Box . . . 11-802 Copying, Exporting, and Printing FlexTable Data . . . 11-804 Statistics Dialog Box . . . 11-806 Using Sparklines . . . 11-806 SPARKLINE SETTINGS . . . 11-807 Reporting . . . 11-807 Using Standard Reports . . . 11-808 REPORTSFOR INDIVIDUAL ELEMENTS. . . 11-808 CREATINGA SCENARIO SUMMARY REPORT . . . 11-808 CREATINGA PROJECT INVENTORY REPORT . . . 11-808 CREATINGA PRESSURE PIPE INVENTORY REPORT. . . 11-808 REPORT OPTIONS. . . 11-808 Results Table Dialog Box . . . 11-810 Graphs . . . 11-811 Graph Manager . . . 11-811 ADDTO GRAPH DIALOG BOX. . . 11-813 Printing a Graph . . . 11-813 Working with Graph Data: Viewing and Copying. . . 11-813 Graph Dialog Box . . . 11-814 G S O D B . . . 11-819

SERIES TAB. . . 11-824 PANEL TAB . . . 11-825 AXES TAB . . . 11-828 GENERAL TAB . . . 11-834 TITLES TAB . . . 11-835 WALLS TAB . . . 11-840 PAGING TAB. . . 11-841 LEGEND TAB . . . 11-842 3D TAB . . . 11-848 Chart Options Dialog Box - Series Tab . . . 11-849 FORMAT TAB . . . 11-849 POINT TAB. . . 11-850 GENERAL TAB . . . 11-851 DATA SOURCE TAB . . . 11-852 MARKS TAB. . . 11-853 Chart Options Dialog Box - Tools Tab . . . 11-857 Chart Options Dialog Box - Export Tab . . . 11-858 Chart Options Dialog Box - Print Tab . . . 11-860 Border Editor Dialog Box . . . 11-861 Gradient Editor Dialog Box . . . 11-862 Color Editor Dialog Box . . . 11-863 Color Dialog Box . . . 11-863 Hatch Brush Editor Dialog Box . . . 11-864 HATCH BRUSH EDITOR DIALOG BOX - SOLID TAB . . . 11-864 HATCH BRUSH EDITOR DIALOG BOX - HATCH TAB . . . 11-865 HATCH BRUSH EDITOR DIALOG BOX - GRADIENT TAB. . . 11-865 HATCH BRUSH EDITOR DIALOG BOX - IMAGE TAB. . . 11-866 Pointer Dialog Box . . . 11-867 Change Series Title Dialog Box . . . 11-868 Chart Tools Gallery Dialog Box . . . 11-868 CHART TOOLS GALLERY DIALOG BOX - SERIES TAB . . . 11-868 CHART TOOLS GALLERY DIALOG BOX - AXIS TAB . . . 11-872 CHART TOOLS GALLERY DIALOG BOX - OTHER TAB . . . 11-875 TeeChart Gallery Dialog Box . . . 11-880 SERIES . . . 11-880 FUNCTIONS . . . 11-881 Customizing a Graph . . . 11-881 Time Series Field Data . . . 11-886 SELECT ASSOCIATED MODELING ATTRIBUTE DIALOG BOX. . . 11-889

Print Preview Window. . . 11-894 Transient Thematic Viewer . . . 11-897 Print Preparation . . . 11-898

Chapter 12: Importing and Exporting Data

901

Moving Data and Images between Model(s) and other Files . . . .12-901 Importing a Bentley HAMMER Database. . . .12-903 Exporting a HAMMER v7 Model . . . .12-903 Importing and Exporting EPANET Files . . . .12-904 Importing and Exporting Submodel Files . . . .12-904 Exporting a Submodel . . . .12-905 Exporting a DXF File . . . .12-907 File Upgrade Wizard . . . .12-908 Export to Shapefile . . . .12-908

Chapter 13: Technical Reference

911

Pressure Network Hydraulics . . . 13-911 Network Hydraulics Theory . . . 13-911 The Energy Principle . . . .13-912 The Energy Equation. . . .13-913 Hydraulic and Energy Grades . . . .13-914 Conservation of Mass and Energy . . . .13-915 The Gradient Algorithm . . . .13-916 Derivation of the Gradient Algorithm . . . .13-916 The Linear System Equation Solver . . . .13-919 Pump Theory. . . .13-920 Valve Theory . . . .13-923 CHECK VALVES (CVS) . . . .13-923 FLOW CONTROL VALVES (FCVS) . . . .13-924 PRESSURE REDUCING VALVES (PRVS) . . . .13-924 PRESSURE SUSTAINING VALVES (PSVS) . . . .13-924 PRESSURE BREAKER VALVES (PBVS) . . . .13-924 THROTTLE CONTROL VALVES (TCVS) . . . .13-924 GENERAL PURPOSE VALVES (GPVS) . . . .13-924

Friction and Minor Loss Methods . . . .13-925 Chezy’s Equation . . . .13-925 Colebrook-White Equation . . . .13-925 Hazen-Williams Equation . . . .13-926

. . . 13-930 Engineer’s Reference . . . 13-930 Roughness Values—Manning’s Equation . . . 13-930 Roughness Values—Darcy-Weisbach Equation (Colebrook-White) . . . 13-931 Roughness Values—Hazen-Williams Equation . . . 13-932 Typical Roughness Values for Pressure Pipes . . . 13-933 Fitting Loss Coefficients. . . 13-934 Variable Speed Pump Theory . . . 13-935 VSP Interactions with Simple and Logical Controls . . . 13-938 Performing Advanced Analyses. . . 13-939 Hydraulic Equivalency Theory . . . 13-939 Principles . . . 13-940 HAZEN-WILLIAMS EQUATION. . . 13-940 MANNING’S EQUATION . . . 13-941 DARCY-WEISBACH EQUATION. . . 13-942 CHECK VALVES . . . 13-944 MINOR LOSSES . . . 13-944 NUMERICAL CHECK . . . 13-945 Thiessen Polygon Generation Theory . . . 13-946 Naïve Method . . . 13-946 Plane Sweep Method. . . 13-947 Method for Modeling Pressure Dependent Demand . . . 13-948 Use Cases . . . 13-949 Supply Level Evaluation . . . 13-950 Pressure Dependent Demand . . . 13-950 Demand Deficit . . . 13-951 Solution Methodology . . . 13-952 Modified GGA Solution . . . 13-953 Direct GGA Solution . . . 13-953 References . . . 13-954 . . . 13-958

Chapter 14: Bentley HAMMER V8i Theory and Practice 959

Governing Equations for Unsteady (or Transient) Flow . . . .14-975 CONTINUITY EQUATIONFOR UNSTEADY FLOW . . . .14-975 MOMENTUM EQUATIONFOR UNSTEADY FLOW . . . .14-976 METHODOF CHARACTERISTICS (MOC) . . . .14-977 Rigid Column Theory. . . .14-980 Rigid Column versus Elastic Theory . . . .14-982 Elastic Theory . . . .14-984 Water System Characteristics . . . .14-985 Celerity and Pipe Elasticity . . . .14-985 Wave Propagation and Characteristic Time . . . .14-989 Wave Reflection and Transmission in Pipelines . . . .14-990 Type of Networks and Pumping Systems . . . .14-992 Putting It All Together . . . .14-994 Pump Theory . . . .14-995 Pump Characteristics and Behavior . . . .14-996 SPECIFIC SPEED . . . .14-999 Variable-Speed Pumps . . . .14-1000 Constant-Horsepower Pumps . . . .14-1001 Valve Theory . . . .14-1002 Valve Selection and Sizing Considerations . . . .14-1003 Typical Valve Bodies and Pistons . . . .14-1005 Closing Characteristics of Valves . . . .14-1006 Flow-Decreasing Characteristics. . . .14-1009 Air Valve Theory . . . .14-1009 Extended CAV Method . . . .14-1013 Friction and Minor Losses . . . .14-1016 Steady State / Extended Period Simulation Friction Methods . . . .14-1016 HAZEN-WILLIAMS EQUATION . . . .14-1017 DARCY-WEISBACH EQUATION . . . .14-1017 MANNING’S EQUATION. . . .14-1019 Transient Analysis Friction Methods . . . .14-1020 STEADY FRICTION . . . .14-1020 QUASI-STEADY FRICTION. . . .14-1021 UNSTEADYOR TRANSIENT FRICTION . . . .14-1022 Minor Losses . . . .14-1025 Cavitation . . . .14-1026 Time Step and Computational Reach Length . . . .14-1029 TURBINE SIMULATION IN HAMMER . . . .14-1031 Four-quadrant Characteristics of Turbomachinery . . . .14-1031 Numerical Representation of Hydroelectric Turbines . . . .14-1032 Transient Forces . . . .14-1034

FLOW-SUPPLEMENT APPROACH. . . 14-1045 TWO-WAY SURGE TANK. . . 14-1046 ONE-WAY SURGE TANK. . . 14-1049 GAS VESSELOR AIR CHAMBER . . . 14-1049 INCREASEOF INERTIA . . . 14-1052 Pump Protection . . . 14-1052 CHECK VALVE . . . 14-1053 BOOSTER PUMP BYPASS . . . 14-1053 Surge-Relief Valves . . . 14-1055 Operation and Maintenance . . . 14-1062 Engineer’s Reference . . . 14-1064 Roughness Values—Manning’s Equation . . . 14-1065 Roughness Values—Darcy-Weisbach Equation (Colebrook-White) . . . . 14-1066 Roughness Values—Hazen-Williams Equation . . . 14-1067 Typical Roughness Values for Pressure Pipes . . . 14-1068 Fitting Loss Coefficients. . . 14-1069 Properties of Common Liquids . . . 14-1070 References . . . 14-1072

Chapter 15: Menus

1079

Edit Element Properties . . . .16-1094 Pipe Attributes. . . .16-1094 Junction Attributes . . . 16-1100 Hydrant Attributes. . . 16-1105 Tank Attributes . . . 16-1109 Reservoir Attributes . . . 16-1113 Periodic Head-Flow Attributes. . . 16-1115 Pump Attributes . . . 16-1117 Pump Station Attributes . . . 16-1121 Variable Speed Pump Battery Attributes . . . 16-1123 Turbine Attributes . . . 16-1128 Valve Attributes . . . 16-1130 Pressure Reducing Valve (PRV) Attributes . . . 16-1130 Pressure Breaker Valve (PBV) Attributes . . . 16-1136 Flow Control Vale (FCV) Attributes . . . 16-1138 Throttle Control Valve (TCV) Attributes . . . 16-1141 General Purpose Valve (GPV) Attributes . . . 16-1144 Valve With Linear Area Change Attributes . . . 16-1146 Check Valve Attributes . . . 16-1147 Orifice Between Pipes Attributes . . . 16-1149 Discharge To Atmosphere Attributes . . . 16-1151 Surge Tank Attributes . . . 16-1152 Hydropneumatic Tank Attributes. . . 16-1156 Air Valve Attributes . . . 16-1160 Surge Valve Attributes . . . 16-1162 Rupture Disk Attributes . . . 16-1164 Isolation Valve Attributes . . . 16-1165 Spot Elevation Attributes . . . 16-1166

Bentley Services . . . 17-1171 Bentley Discussion Groups . . . 17-1172 Bentley on the Web . . . 17-1172 TechNotes/Frequently Asked Questions . . . 17-1172 BE Magazine. . . 17-1172 BE Newsletter. . . 17-1173 Client Server. . . 17-1173 BE Careers Network . . . 17-1173 Contact Bentley Systems . . . 17-1173

Chapter 18: Glossary

1177

Index

1193

1

Getting Started in

Bentley HAMMER V8i

What is Bentley HAMMER?

Municipal License Administrator Auto-Configuration Starting Bentley HAMMER V8i

Working with Bentley HAMMER Files Exiting Bentley HAMMER

Using Online Help

Software Updates via the Web and Bentley SELECT Troubleshooting

Checking Your Current Registration Status Application Window Layout

What’s New in Bentley HAMMER?

New and upgraded features in Bentley HAMMER SELECTseries 4 include: • New database file format as .sqlite replacing .sqlite

• Sparkline display of EPS results • Batch morph

• Filtering on property grid • Numerous other enhancements

Note: Bentley HAMMER can open and import files from earlier versions but files created with this version are not backward compatible to earlier versions.

What is Bentley HAMMER?

Bentley HAMMER is a powerful yet easy-to-use program that helps engineers analyze complex pumping systems and piping networks as they transition from one steady state to another. Hydraulic transients only last from seconds to a few minutes, but they can damage a system or cause significant operational difficulties. For example, Bentley HAMMER's name is due to the loud "water hammer" knocking sound that can be heard when sudden hydraulic transients occur. Bentley HAMMER helps engineers understand their pumping and piping networks better, enabling them to design safe and economical surge-control systems.

Bentley HAMMER is based on technology originally created by GENIVAR (formerly Environmental Hydraulics Group Inc.), the water Bentley HAMMER specialists, and backed by a long-term collaboration between GENIVAR and Bentley. Bentley and GENIVAR are committed to continuously improving Bentley HAMMER.

Capabilities of Bentley HAMMER

Bentley HAMMER's graphical interface makes it easy to quickly lay out a complex network of pipes, tanks, pumps, and surge control equipment. You can also use FlexTables or preset libraries to rapidly copy model parameters. If you already have a steady-state model of your system in WaterCAD or WaterGEMS, Bentley HAMMER can use that model file directly - saving you time and eliminating transcription errors. You can use Bentley HAMMER to:

• Reduce the risk of transient-related damage to maximize operator safety and reduce the frequency of service interruptions to customers.

• Reduce the number and severity of transient forces resulting from transient pres-sure shocks, where applicable. Transient forces and prespres-sures can loosen joints or grow cracks, increasing leaks and non-revenue water.

• Analyze hydropower systems complete with characteristic turbine representations to simulate load rejection, acceptance and variation cases.

• Prepare operation checklists for use in emergencies such as power failures, pipe breaks, and component (valve, pump) and/or control failures.

• Develop standards to ensure major water users do not damage the water system. Information can be provided to industries to avoid sudden water takings or load rejection. Safe speeds to open or close fire hydrants can be provided to the fire and waterworks department.

• Provide additional information (with respect to steady-state models) to help select pumps, locate elevated tanks, and size air valves.

Tip: Usually, hydraulic systems operate at a steady state of dynamic equilibrium and changes in flow take minutes to hours. "Normal" hydraulic transients may occur several times a day as pumps start or stop. "Emergency" transients may only occur once every month, year, or decade when power fails or pipes break.

Hydraulic transients and surge-protection needs must be considered in the context of a water utility's risk management and environmental protection plan.

Municipal License Administrator

Auto-Configuration

At the conclusion of the installation process, the Municipal License Administrator will be executed, to automatically detect and set the default configuration for your product, if possible. However, if multiple license configurations are detected on the license server, you will need to select which one to use by default, each time the product starts. If this is the case, you will see the following warning: “Multiple license config-urations are available for Bentley HAMMER...” Simply press OK to clear the Warning dialog, then press Refresh Configurations to display the list of available configurations. Select one and press Make Default, then exit the License Adminis-trator. (You only need to repeat this step if you decide to make a different configura-tion the default in the future.)

Starting Bentley HAMMER V8i

After you have finished installing Bentley HAMMER, restart your system before starting Bentley HAMMER for the first time.

To start Bentley HAMMER

1. Double-click on the Bentley HAMMER icon on your desktop. or

2. Click Start > All Programs > Bentley > Bentley HAMMER > Bentley HAMMER.

Working with Bentley HAMMER Files

Bentley HAMMER uses an assortment of data, input, and output files. It is important to understand which are essential, which are temporary holding places for results and which must be transmitted when sending a model to another user. In general, the model is contained in a file with the wtg.sqlite extension. This file contains essentially all of the information needed to run the model. This file can be zipped to dramatically reduce its size for moving the file.

The .wtg

Other files found with the model are results files. These can be regenerated by running the model again. In general these are binary files which can only be read by the model. Saving these files makes it easy to look at results without the need to rerun the model. Because they can be easily regenerated, these files can be deleted to save space on the storage media.

When archiving a model at the end of the study, usually only the *.wtg.sqlite, *.wtg files, and the platform specific supporting files (*.dwh, *.dgn, *.dwg or *.sqlite) need to be saved.The file extensions are explained below:

• .bak - backup files of the model files • .cri - results of criticality analysis

• .dgn - drawing file for MicroStation platform • .dwg - drawing file for AutoCAD platform • .dwh - drawing file for stand alone platform • .sqlite - access database file for ArcGIS platform

• .rpc - report file from hydraulic analysis with user notifications • .seg - results of segmentation analysis

• wtg.sqlite - main model file

• .wtg - display settings (e.g. color coding, annotation)

• .xml - xml files, generally libraries, window and other settings. Some modules like ModelBuilder also use .xml files to store settings independent of the main model.

• .hof - results of transient analysis used by the transient results viewer • .hmr - results of transient analysis

• .hut - transient analysis output log

• .rpt - transient analysis detailed report file

Using the Custom Results File Path Option

When the Specify Custom Results File Path option (found under Tools > Options > Project Tab) is on for the project, the result files will be stored in the custom path spec-ified when the project is closed. When the project is open, all of the applicable result files (if any) will be moved (not copied) to the temporary directory to be worked on. The result files will then be moved back to the custom directory when the project is closed.

The advantages of this are that moving a file on disk is very quick, as opposed to copying a file, which can be very slow. Also, if you have your project stored on a network drive and you specify a custom results path on your local disk, then you will avoid network transfer times as well. The disadvantages are that, should the program crash or the project somehow doesn’t close properly, then the results files will not be moved back and will be lost.

If you then wish to share these results files with another user of the model, you can use the Copy Results To Project Directory command (Tools > Database Utilities > Copy Results To Project Directory) to copy the results files to the saved location of the model. The user receiving the files may then use the Update Results From Project Directory command (Tools > Database Utilities > Update Results From Project Direc-tory) to copy the results files from the project directory to their custom results file path.

Drag-and-drop File Open

You can open model files by simply dragging them (from Windows Explorer, for example) into the application window (stand alone version only). You can drag either the .wtg or the .sqlite associated with the model.

You can drag multiple files into the application at once. All files must be of a valid type (.wtg or .sqlite) for this to work.

Exiting Bentley HAMMER

1. Click the application window's Close icon.

or

From the File menu, choose Exit.

Note: If you have made changes to the project file without saving, the following dialog box will open. Click Yes to save before exiting, No to exit without saving, or Cancel to stop the operation.

Using Online Help

Bentley HAMMER Help menu and Help window are used to access Bentley

HAMMER extensive online help.

Context-sensitive online help is available. Hypertext links, which appear in

color and are underlined when you pass the pointer over them, allow you to

move easily between related topics.

Note: Certain Windows DLLs must be present on your computer in order to use Online Help. Make sure you have Microsoft Internet Explorer (Version 5.5 or greater) installed. You do not need to change your default browser as long as Internet Explorer is installed.

To open the Help window

1. From the Help menu, choose Bentley HAMMER Help. The Help window opens, and the Table of Contents displays.

Subtopics within a help topic are collapsed by default. While a subtopic is

collapsed only its heading is visible. To make visible a subtopic's body text and

graphics you must expand the subtopic.

To expand a subtopic

Click the expand (+) icon to the left of the subtopic heading or the heading

itself.

To collapse a subtopic

Click the collapse (-) icon to the left of the subtopic heading or the heading

itself.

The navigation pane has the following tabs: • Contents - used for browsing topics. • Index - index of help content.

• Search - used for full-text searching of the help content. • Favorites - customizable list of your favorite topics

To browse topics using the Contents tab

1. On the Contents tab, click the folder symbol next to any book folder (such

as Getting Started, Using Scenarios and Alternatives) to expand its

contents.

2. Continue expanding folders until you reach the desired topic.

3. Select a topic to display its content in the topic pane.

To display the next or previous topic according to the topic order shown in the Contents tab

To display the next topic, click the right arrow or to display the previous topic, click the left.

To use the index of help content

1. Click the Index tab.

2. In the search field, type the word you are searching for. or

Scroll through the index using the scroll bar to find a specific entry. 3. Select the desired entry and click the Display button.

Note: If you select an entry that has subtopics, a dialog box opens

from which you can select the desired subtopic. In this case,

select the subtopic and click the Display button.

To search for text in the help content

1. Click the Search tab.

2. In the search field, type the word or phrase for which you are searching. 3. Click the List Topics button.

Results of the search display in the list box below the search field. 4. Select the desired topic and click the Display button.

or

Double-click the desired topic.

Search results vary based on the quality of the search criteria entered in the Search field. The more specific the search criteria, the more narrow the search results. You can improve your search results by improving the search criteria. For example, a word is considered to be a group of contiguous alphanumeric characters. A phrase is a group of words and their punctuation. A search string is a word or phrase on which you search.

A search string finds any topic that contains all of the words in the string. You

can improve the search by enclosing the search string in quotation marks. This

type of search finds only topics that contain the exact string in the quotation

marks.

To add a help topic to a list of “favorite” help topics

1. In the Contents, Index, or Search tabs, select the desired help topic.

2. Click the Favorites tab.

The selected help topic automatically displays in the “Current topic” field

at the bottom of the tab.

3. Click the Add button.

To display a topic from your Favorites list

1. Click the Favorites tab.

2. In the list box, select the desired topic and click the Display button.

or

Double-click the desired topic.

Online help is periodically updated and posted on Bentley's Documentation

Web site, http://docs.bentley.com/ for downloading. On this site you can also

browse the current help content for this product and other Bentley products.

Software Updates via the Web and Bentley SELECT

Bentley SELECT is the comprehensive delivery and support subscription program that features product updates and upgrades via Web downloads, around-the-clock technical support, exclusive licensing options, discounts on training and consulting services, as well as technical information and support channels. It’s easy to stay up-to-date with the latest advances in our software. Software upup-to-dates can be downloaded from our Web site, and your version of Bentley HAMMER V8i can then be upgraded to the current version quickly and easily. Just click Check for SELECT Updates on the toolbar to launch your preferred Web browser and open our Web site. You can also access our KnowledgeBase for answers to your Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs).

Note: Your PC must be connected to the Internet to use the Check for SELECT Updates button.

Troubleshooting

Due to the multitasking capabilities of Windows, you may have applications running in the background that make it difficult for software setup and installations to deter-mine the configuration of your current system.

Try these steps before contacting our technical support staff

1. Shut down and restart your computer.

2. Verify that there are no other programs running. You can see applications currently in use by pressing Ctrl+Shift+Esc in Windows 2000 and Windows XP. Exit any applications that are running.

3. Disable any antivirus software that you are running.

Caution: After you install Bentley HAMMER V8i, make certain that you

restart any antivirus software you have disabled. Failure to restart your antivirus software leaves you exposed to potentially destructive computer viruses.

Checking Your Current Registration Status

After you have registered the software, you can check your current registration status by opening the About... box from within the software itself.

To view your registration information

1. Select Help > About Bentley HAMMER V8i.

2. The version and build number for Bentley HAMMER V8i display in the lower-left corner of the About Bentley HAMMER V8i dialog box.

The current registration status is also displayed, including: user name and

company, serial number, license type and check-in status, feature level, expiration date, and SELECT Server information.

Application Window Layout

The Bentley HAMMER application window contains toolbars that provide access to frequently used menu commands and are organized by the type of functionality offered. Standard Toolbar Edit Toolbar Analysis Toolbar Scenarios Toolbar Compute Toolbar View Toolbar Help Toolbar Layout Toolbar Tools Toolbar Zoom Toolbar

Customizing Bentley HAMMER Toolbars and Buttons Bentley HAMMER Dynamic Manager Display

Standard Toolbar

The Standard toolbar contains controls for opening, closing, saving, and printing Bentley HAMMER projects.

The Standard toolbar is arranged as follows:

To Use

Create a new Bentley HAMMER V8i project. When you select this command, the Select File to Create dialog box opens, allowing you to define a name and directory location for the new project.

New

Open an existing Bentley HAMMER V8i

project. When this command is initialized, the Select Bentley HAMMER V8i Project to Open dialog box opens, allowing you to browse to the project to be opened.

Open

Closes the currently open project. Close

Edit Toolbar

The Edit toolbar contains controls for deleting, finding, undoing, and redoing actions in Bentley HAMMER.

Save the current project. Save

Save all the projects that are opened. Save All

Open the Print Preview window, displaying the current view of the network as it will be printed. Choose Fit to Page to print the entire network scaled to fit on a single page or Scaled to print the network at the scale defined by the values set in the Drawing tab of the project Options dialog (Tools > Options). If the model is printed to scale, it may contain one or more pages (depending on how large the model is relative to the page size specified in the Page Settings dialog, which is accessed through the Print Preview window).

Print Preview

Print the current view of the network. Choose Fit to Page to print the entire network scaled to fit on a single page or Scaled to print the network at the scale defined by the values set in the Drawing tab of the project Options dialog (Tools > Options).

If the model is printed to scale, it may contain one or more pages (depending on how large the model is relative to the page size specified in the Page Settings dialog, which is accessed through the Print Preview window).

The Edit toolbar is arranged as follows:

Analysis Toolbar

The Analysis toolbar contains controls for analyzing Bentley HAMMER projects.

To Use

Cancel your most recent action. Undo

Redo the last canceled action. Redo

Delete the currently selected element(s) from the network.

Delete

Removes the highlighting that can be applied using the Network Navigator.

Clear Highlight

Find a specific element by choosing it from a menu containing all elements in the current model.

The Analysis toolbar is arranged as follows:

Scenarios Toolbar

The Scenarios toolbar contains controls for creating scenarios in Bentley HAMMER projects.

To Use

Opens the Post Calculation Processor, which allows you to perform statistical analysis for an element or elements on various results obtained during an extended period simulation calculation.

Post

Calculation Processor

Opens the Transient Results Viewer dialog, which allows you to view profile and time-series graph results from transient simulations.

Transient Results Viewer

Opens the Transient Time Step Options dialog, which shows the time step suggested by HAMMER and the adjustments to lengths or wavespeeds it requires.

Transient Time Step Options

Opens the Transient Thematic Viewer, which allows you to apply colored highlighting to the pipes and nodes in the model according to their calculated values for a specified attribute.

Transient Thematic Viewer

The Scenarios toolbar is arranged as follows:

Compute Toolbar

The Compute toolbar contains controls for computing Bentley HAMMER projects.

To Use

Change the current scenario. Scenario List Box

Open the Scenario manager, where you can create, view, and manage project scenarios.

Scenarios

Open the Alternative manager, where you can create, view, and manage project alternatives.

Alternatives

Open the Calculation Options manager, where you can

create different profiles for different

calculation settings.

Calculation Options

The Compute toolbar contains the following:

To Use

Run a diagnostic check on the network data to alert you to possible problems that may be encountered during calculation. This is the manual validation command, and it checks for input data errors. It differs in this respect from the automatic validation that Bentley

HAMMER runs when the compute command is initiated, which checks for network connectivity errors as well as many other things beyond what the manual validation checks.

Validate

Allows you to establish the initial conditions for the transient simulation.

Compute Initial Conditions

Calculate the network. Before calculating, an automatic validation routine is triggered, which checks the model for network connectivity errors and performs other validation.

Compute

Open the Calculation Summary dialog box. Calculation Summary

Open the Transient Calculation Summary dialog box.

Transient Calculation Summary

Open the User Notifications Manager, allowing you to view warnings and errors uncovered by

User

View Toolbar

The View toolbar contains controls for viewing Bentley HAMMER projects.

The View toolbar contains the following:

To Use

Open the Element Symbology manager, allowing you to create, view, and manage the element symbol settings for the project.

Element Symbology

Open the Background Layers manager, allowing you to create, view, and manage the background layers associated with the project.

Background Layers

Open the Network Navigator dialog box. Network Navigator

Open the Selection Sets Manager, allowing you to create, view, and modify the selection sets associated with the project.

Selection Sets

Opens the Query Manager. Queries

Opens the Prototypes Manager. Prototypes

Open the FlexTables manager, allowing you to create, view, and manage the tabular reports for

Help Toolbar

The Help toolbar provides quick access to the some of the commands that are avail-able in the Help menu.

Open the Graph manager, allowing you to create, view, and manage the graphs for the project.

Graphs

Open the Profile manager, allowing you to create, view, and manage the profiles for the project.

Profiles

Open the Contour Manager where you can create, view, and manage contours.

Contours

Open the Named Views manager where you can create, view, and manage named views.

Named Views

Open the Aerial View manager where you can zoom to different elements in the project.

Aerial View

Opens the Property Editor. Properties

Opens the Property Grid Customizations manager.

Property Grid Customizations

The Help toolbar contains the following:

Layout Toolbar

The Layout toolbar is used to lay out a model in the Bentley HAMMER drawing pane.

To Use

Open your Web browser to the SELECTservices page on the Bentley Web site.

Check for SELECT Updates

Open the Bentley Institute page on the Bentley Web site.

Bentley Institute Training

Open your Web browser to the SELECTservices page on the Bentley Web site.

Bentley SELECT Support

Opens your web browser to the Bentley.com Web site’s main page.

Bentley.com

The Layout toolbar contains the following:

To Use

Change your mouse cursor into a selection tool. The selection tool behavior varies depending on the direction in which the mouse is dragged after defining the first corner of the selection box, as follows:

• If the selection is made from left-to-right, all elements that fall completely within the selection box that is defined will be selected.

• If the selection is made from right-to-left, all elements that fall completely within the selection box and that cross one or more of the lines of the selection box will be selected.

Select

Change your mouse cursor into a pipe tool. Pipe

Change your mouse cursor into a junction tool. When this tool is active, click in the drawing pane to place the element.

Junction

Change your mouse cursor into a hydrant tool. When this tool is active, click in the drawing pane to place the element.

Hydrant

Change your mouse cursor into a tank element symbol. When this tool is active, click in the drawing pane to place the element.

Tank

Change your mouse cursor into a reservoir element symbol. When this tool is active, click in the drawing pane to place the element.

Change your mouse cursor into a pump station element symbol. Clicking the left mouse button while this tool is active causes a pump station element to be placed at the location of the mouse cursor.

Variable Speed Pump Battery

Change your mouse cursor into a valve tool. Click the down arrow to select the type of valve you want to place in your model:

• Pressure Reducing Valve

• Pressure Sustaining Valve

• Pressure Breaker Valve

• Flow Control Valve

• Throttle Control Valve

• General Purpose Valve

Valves

Change your mouse cursor into an isolation valve symbol. When this tool is active, click in the drawing pane to place the element.

Isolation Valve

Change your mouse cursor into a spot elevation symbol. When this tool is active, click in the drawing pane to place the element.

Spot Elevation

Change your mouse cursor into a turbine symbol. When this tool is active, click in the drawing pane to place the element..

Turbine

Change your mouse cursor into a periodic head-flow symbol. When this tool is active, click in the drawing pane to place the element.

Periodic Head-Flow

Change your mouse cursor into an air valve symbol. When this tool is active, click in the drawing pane to place the element.

Change your mouse cursor into a

hydropneumatic tank symbol. When this tool is active, click in the drawing pane to place the element.

Hydropneumatic Tank

Change your mouse cursor into a surge valve symbol. When this tool is active, click in the drawing pane to place the element.

Surge Valve

Change your mouse cursor into a check valve symbol. When this tool is active, click in the drawing pane to place the element.

Check Valve

Change your mouse cursor into a rupture disk symbol. When this tool is active, click in the drawing pane to place the element.

Rupture Disk

Change your mouse cursor into a discharge to atmosphere symbol. When this tool is active, click in the drawing pane to place the element.

Discharge to Atmosphere

Change your mouse cursor into an orifice between pipes symbol. When this tool is active, click in the drawing pane to place the element.

Orifice Between Pipes

Change your mouse cursor into a valve with linear area change symbol. When this tool is active, click in the drawing pane to place the element.

Valve with Linear Area Change

Tools Toolbar

The Tools toolbar provides quick access to the same commands that are available in the Tools menu.

The Tools toolbar contains the following: Change your mouse cursor into a surge tank symbol. When this tool is active, click in the drawing pane to place the element.

Surge Tank

Change your mouse cursor into a border symbol. When the border tool is active, you can draw a simple box in the drawing pane using the mouse. For example, you might want to draw a border around the entire model.

Border

Change your mouse cursor into a text symbol. When the text tool is active, you can add simple text to your model. Click anywhere in the drawing pane to display the Text Editor dialog box, where you can enter text to be displayed in your model.

Text

Change your mouse cursor into a line symbol. When this tool is active, you can draw lines and polygons in your model using the mouse.

To Use Open a Select dialog to select areas in the drawing. Active Topology

Selection

Open the ModelBuilder Connections Manager, where you can create, edit, and manage ModelBuilder connections to be used in the model-building/model-synchronizing process.

ModelBuilder

Open the TRex wizard where you can select the data source type, set the elevation dataset, choose the model and features.

Trex

Open the SCADAConnect manager where you can add or edit signals.

SCADAConnect

Open the Skelebrator manager to define how to skeletonize your network.

Skelebrator Skeletonizer

Open the LoadBuilder manager where you can create and manage Load Build templates.

Load Builder

Open the Wizard used to create a Thiessen polygon. Thiessen Polygon

Open the Demand Control Center manager where you can add new demands, delete existing demands, or modify existing demands.

Demand Control Center

Open the Unit Demand Control Center manager where you can add new unit demands, delete existing unit demands, or modify existing unit demands.

Unit Demand Control Center

Opens the Scenario Coparison window, which enables you to compare input values between any two scenarios to identify differences quickly.

Scenario Comparison

Associate external files, such as pictures or movie files, with elements.

Hyperlinks

Open the User Data Extension dialog box, which allows you to add and define custom data fields. For example, you can add new fields such as the pipe installation date.

User Data Extensions

Compact the database, which eliminates the empty data records, thereby defragmenting the datastore and improving the performance of the file.

Compact Database

Synchronize the current model drawing with the project database.

Synchronize Drawing

Ensures consistency between the database and the model by recalculating and updating certain cached information. Normally this operation is not required to be used.

Update Database Cache

This command copies the model result files (if any) from the project directory (the directory where the project .sqlite file is saved) to the working temp location for Bentley HAMMER (%temp%\Bentley\HAMMER). This allows you to make a copy of the results that may exist in the model's save directory and replace the current results being worked on with them.

Update Results from Project Directory

Zoom Toolbar

The Zoom toolbar provides access to the zooming and panning tools. This command copies the result files that are currently

being used by the model to the project directory (where the project .sqlite is stored).

Copy Results to Project Directory

Open a Batch Assign Isolation Valves window where you can find the nearest pipe for each selected isolation and assign the valve to that pipe.

Assign Isolation Valves to Pipes

Opens the Batch Pipe Split dialog. Batch Pipe Split

Opens the Batch Morph dialog. Batch Morph

Open the External Tools dialog box. Customize

Open the Options dialog box, which allows you to change Global settings, Drawing, Units, Labeling, and

ProjectWise.

The Zoom toolbar contains the following:

To Use

Set the view so that the entire model is visible in the drawing pane.

Zoom Extents

Activate the manual zoom tool, where you can specify a portion of the drawing to enlarge.

Zoom Window

Magnify the current view in the drawing pane. Zoom In

Reduce the current view in the drawing pane. Zoom Out

Enable the realtime zoom tool, which allows you to zoom in and out by moving the mouse while the left mouse button is depressed.

Zoom Realtime

Open up the Zoom Center dialog box where you can set X and Y coordinates and the percentage of Zoom.

Zoom Center

Enable you to zoom to specific elements in the drawing. You must select the elements to zoom to before you select the tool.

Zoom Selection

Return the zoom level to the most recent previous setting.

Zoom Previous

Reset the zoom level to the setting that was active before a Zoom Previous command was executed. This button also does not appear in the Zoom toolbar by default.

Zoom Next

Activate the Pan tool, which allows you to move the model within the drawing pane. When you select this command, the cursor changes to a hand, indicating that you can click and hold the left mouse button and move the mouse to move the drawing.

Pan

Update the main window view according to the latest information contained in the Bentley HAMMER V8i datastore.

Refresh Drawing

Customizing Bentley HAMMER Toolbars and Buttons

Toolbar buttons represent Bentley HAMMER V8i menu commands. Toolbars can be controlled in Bentley HAMMER V8i using View > Toolbars. You can turn toolbars on and off, move the toolbar to a different location in the work space, or you can add and remove buttons from any toolbar.

To turn toolbars on

Click View > Toolbars, then click in the space to the left of the toolbar you want to turn on.

To turn toolbars off

Click View > Toolbars, then click the check mark next to the toolbar you want to turn off.

To move a toolbar to a different location in the workspace

Move your mouse to the vertical dotted line on the left side of any toolbar, then drag the toolbar to the desired location. If you move a toolbar away from the other toolbar, the toolbar becomes a floating dialog box.

To add or remove a button from a toolbar

1. Click the down arrow on the end of the toolbar you want to customize. A series of submenus appear, allowing you to select or deselect any icon in that toolbar. 2. Click Add or Remove Buttons then move the mouse cursor to the right until all

of the submenus appear, as shown as follows:

3. Click the space to left of the toolbar button you want to add. A check mark is visible in the submenu and the button opens in the toolbar.

or

Click the check mark next to the toolbar button you want to remove. The button will no longer appear in the toolbar.

The following table lists all the Bentley HAMMER V8i

managers, their toolbar

buttons, and keyboard shortcuts.

Toolbar

Button Manager

Keyboard Shortcut Scenarios—build a model run from

alternatives.

<Alt+1>

Alternatives—create and manage

alternatives.

<Alt+2>

Calculation Options—set parameters for

the numerical engine.

<Alt+3>

Totalizing Flow Meters—create and

manage flow meters.

<Alt+4>

Hydrant Flow Curves—create and

manage hydrant flow curves.

<Alt+5>

Element Symbology—control how

elements look and what attributes are displayed.

<Ctrl+1>

Background Layers—control the display

of background layers.

<Ctrl+2>

Network Navigator—helps you find nodes

in your model.

<Ctrl+3>

Selection Sets—create and manage

selection sets.

<Ctrl+4>

Queries—create SQL expressions for use with selection sets and FlexTables.

<Ctrl+5>

Prototypes—create and manage

prototypes.

When you first start Bentley HAMMER V8i, only two managers are displayed: the Element Symbology and Background Layers managers. This is the default workspace. You can display as many managers as you want and move them to any location in the Bentley HAMMER V8i workspace.

FlexTables—display and edit tables of

elements.

<Ctrl+7>

Graphs—create and manage graphs. <Ctrl+8>

Profiles —draw profiles of parts of your

network.

<Ctrl+9>

Contours—create and manage contours. <Ctrl+0>

Properties—display properties of

individual elements or managers.

<F4>

Refresh—Update the main window view

according to the latest information contained in the Bentley HAMMER V8i datastore.

<F5>

User Notifications—presents error and

warning messages resulting from a calculation. <F8> Compute. <F9> Toolbar Button Manager Keyboard Shortcut