TIME BASE FIRING PULSE DELAY CONTROL FOR IMPROVING
SINGLE PHASE INDUCTION MOTOR SPEED PERFORMANCE
USING FUZZY LOGIC CONTROL
Dirman Hanafi1, MohdAzkar Sidik2, Mirza Zoni3, Hidayat4
1,2Advanced Mechatronic Research Group (ADMIRE), Faculty of Electrical and Electronic Engineering,
UniversitiTun Hussein Onn Malaysia, BatuPahat, Johor, Malaysia
3,4Electrical Engineering Department, Faculty of Industrial Technology,
Universitas Bung Hatta, Padang, Indonesia E-Mail: [email protected]
ABSTRACT
This paper focuses on the fuzzy logic controller design for improving the single phase induction motor speed control performance. The controller strategy is done through phase angle control method. The phase angle is controlled by controlling the time base firing pulse angle delay of the triac. Based on experimental results, the fuzzy logic controller is a suitable controller to improve the single phase induction motor speed because it able to reduce the rise time, settling time, peak time and overshoot response to 0.10s, 0.17s, 0.29s and 0.09 % OS respectively. Then compares with the Proportional Integral Derivative (PID) controller responses, the fuzzy logic controller responses are better with the rise time (Tr), the settling time (Ts), the peak time (Tp) and the overshoot (% OS) are 0.08s, 0.08s, 0.05s and 0.004% smaller than PID controller.
Keywords: Single phase induction motor speed control Fuzzy logic controller Time base firing pulse delay
INTRODUCTION
Single phase A.C supply plays important roles in electrical usage because it is commonly used for general electrical purpose in domestic or commercial applications where three phase power supply is not available. Based on this supply, single phase induction motors become one of the most widely used for numerous domestic and industrial applications like home appliances, industrial control system, and automation because of their it offer lower maintenance, reliable and smaller motor size. Single phase induction motor has been covered most servo application in robotics, machine tools and positioning devices.
Normally, it has two winding, main and auxiliary.An auxiliary winding has more turns than main winding (Yo, 2000). Traditional single phase induction motor run directly from AC voltage supply at one speed only. The improvement in ac motor control enable the speed of single phase induction motor to be run on variable speed, which can reduce power consumption, acoustic noise and mechanical vibration. The critical aspect in AC motoris the role of the researcher or engineer to control the speed of an AC motor that being used. Traditionally, the AC motor is controlled by two classical strategies, vector control and torque control. Vector control and direct torque control are the two classical strategies to control synchronization and asynchronous of induction motor (Shenand Dai, 2010).
As mantion previous, the single phase induction motor is widely use in our daily application because of their ability to operate from a single phase power supply.
Since it is impossible to reliably operate at unstable range, simple voltage control (open loop control) is limited to controlling in a narrow range. The speed of the single phase AC induction motor can be adjusted either by applying the proper supply voltage amplitude and frequency (called volts per hertz) or by the changing of supply voltage amplitude with constant frequency (slip control) (Stekl, 2003). To make it is possible to operate reliably even in the unstable range, it is necessary to detect the rotational speed of the motor and use a voltage control mechanism (closed loop control) that reduces the speed error when compared to a set value (Shirataha, 2015).
The speed of induction motor can be control by controlling the voltage applied to the stator voltage. With the enhanced technology in power electronics, a number of semiconductor devices have been introduced in voltage control application. The use of solid state components like the triac for the control of ac drives have been widely used in recent years for several industrial and home applications (Emenike, et. al., 2011). The voltage applied to the stator winding of the single phase induction motor can be control to achieve the desired speed by controlling the firing angle of the triac that are used in this work.
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Table-1
tic Notati
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e NM
e NS
Z PS
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Feedback
diagram overall control using f
Logic Controll
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the current err ) are given by:
1
Function and L tep in the fuzz o convert crisp stic terms of fu ets and lingui ing angle delay
1. Input variable
ion Range [2000 -1500 -10 [1500 -500] [-1000 -5
[-500 0 5 [0 500 10
ut of the fuzzy e delay (α).
Firing Pulse
Single Phas Induction Motor
l the single pha fuzzy logic con
ler
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Linguistic Varia zy logic contro p input into de uzzy sets.
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ngular
ngular
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mall ero
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Table-3.
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3. Rule B Rule b nference proce utput. The tab evelop in this w
Table-4. Tria
e
ce NB
NB NB
NM NB
NS NM
Z NM
PM [5 15 PB [1 20
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Notation R
NB [-1 NM
[-3 NS
Z [-PS [0 PM [3 1 PB [7
1
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Notation R
PB [0 PM [0 0 PS [0
0 Z [0
0 NS [0
0 NM [0
0 NB [0
0
ase for the fuz based is a set ess to evaluate bulation of the works are as in
angular membe varia
NM NS
NB NM NM NM NM NS NS NS
500 1000 500]
1000 1500 000 2000]
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Range
1500 1500 -125 -750] 1125 750 -375]
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-375 0 375] 0 375 750]]
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750 1125 500 1500]
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Range
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.003]
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0.003 0.0045 .006]
0.0045 0.006 .0075]
0.006 0.0075 .009]]
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Z PS
NM NS NS NS NS ZE ZE PS
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Trapezoidal
Triangular
Triangular
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Trapezoidal
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4.
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ted as
∑
∑
ue in universe o degree of mem
plementation o
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n motor speed b s illustrated by
re-5. Fuzzy log
Firing pulse su The operation g pulse delay he pulse is ena and the single value is reduce ulse. Figure-6 i lse delay subsy
Figure-6. Tri
The subsystem se pulse angle
nput of the sin e-7.
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PS PM
on Method ocess is fuzz
ut is converted thod is a centr
of discourse mbership relate
of the fuzzy log
k block diagram the speed o by controlling y Figure-5.
gic controller m
ubsystem n of the triac i y that connect abled, the curre
e phase induct ed by increase illustrate the S ystem of this p
iac firing pulse
m model to g e to the triac ngle phase indu
PS PM PM PM
PM PB
ification, whe d again into cris re of area (Co
d with
gic controller
m of the fuzz of the single the firing angl
model in Simul
s basically rel ted to the tria ent will flow t ion motor. Th
the delay of th imulink mode roject.
e subsystem.
generate the r gate to cont uction motor is
PM PB
PB
ere the sp. One oA) and
model
zy logic phase le delay
link.
ated on ac gate. through e stator he triac l of the
sin
in
A
R
ba Th is fig
Figu
2. Single connec The co ngle phase ind
Figure-8. Sim
The dat n this test are de
Table-5. Sin
Pa
Reference P Voltage
Fre Stator R Stator In
Rotor R Rotor In Main winding Auxiliary win Auxiliary wind
RESULT AND
The tw ased on the sin he speed refer
1500 rpm. Th gure below:
ure-7. Pulse ge
phase inducti ction.
onnection circ duction motor i
mulink model f motor wi
ta of the single escribed in tab
ngle phase indu
arameter
e Speed ( ) Power
Supply ( ) equency Resistance, Rs
nductance, Ls Resistance, Rr
nductance, Lr g mutual induct nding resistance ding inductanc
ANALYSIS
wo controllers ngle phase ind rence for the s he best respons
enerating mode
ion motor and
cuit between s represented b
for single phas th triac.
e phase inducti ble below.
uction motor p
) 1
0
2 7 4
5
tance 0
e, RS 4
ce, LS 8
s are used in duction motor
ingle phase in e from each co
el.
d triac circuit
triac and the by Figure-8.
se induction
ion motor used
arameters.
Value
500 rpm 0.25 HP
240V 50 Hz .02 Ohm 7.4 mH .02 Ohm 5.6 mH 0.1772 H
.12 Ohm 8.5 mH
n experiments data previous. nduction motor ontroller are as t
e
d
s . r s
F
Figur
paramete
Table-Pa
Ri
Settl
Pea
Percen
controlle The fuzz time and
CONCL
controlle controlle time (T_ overshoo respectiv controlle motor.
REFERE Chee-Ho Debnach Fan Mo Internatio
Figure-9. The P
re-10. The fuzz
The compariso ers are elaborat
-6. Comparison Logic Cont
rameter
se Time
ling Time
ak Time
nt Overshoot
Based on data er gives better zy logic contro also lower ove
LUSIONS
From the exp er produced er. The fuzzy _r), settling tim ot (% OS), they vely. Therefo er is a suitable c
ENCE oe, P., Jer-Vui, h, N. (2013). D otor Controller
onal Journal of
PID controller
zy logic contro
on of the two c ted in below.
n between PID trol response pa
PID FL
0.18s 0. 0.25s 0. 0.34s 0.2 0.1% 0.09
a in Table 6 ab r performance oller has faster
ershoot.
eriments show better respon logic controll me (T_s), peak y are 0.08s, 0.0 ore, the pro
controller for s
L., Yea-Dat, C Design of a M r for Smart f Smart Home,
best response.
oller best respo
controllers resp
Control and F arameters.
LC Differ
10s 0.0 17s 0.0 29s 0.0 96 % 0.00
bove, the fuzz than PID con rise time and
w that the fuzz nse than th ler gives shor time (T_p) and 08s, 0.05 and 0 oposed fuzzy
single phase in
C., Yong-Chai, Microcontroller Home Enviro , 7(4). pp.233-2
onse.
ponses
Fuzzy
rences
08s 08s 05 04%
zy logic ntroller. settling
zy logic e PID rter rise
d lower 0.004 % logic duction
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