International Journal of Emerging Technology and Innovative Engineering Volume 5, Issue 4, April 2019 (ISSN: 2394 – 6598)
SMART AGRICULTURE USING LORA TECHNOLOGY
1st Author Jeyashree P B.Tech, IV-yr, Department of ECE,
KARE.
Corresponding Author: Mr.Karuthraja
[Assistant Professor] , Dept of ECE, KARE
2nd Author Meghana M B.Tech, IV-yr, Department of ECE,
KARE.
Meghanasarvani1998@gmai l.com
3rd Author B. Sameera Reddy
B.Tech, IV-yr, Department of ECE,
KARE
.ABSTRACT
As we all know, the history of agriculture has began thousands of years ago. Agriculture is the most essential sector of Indian economy that also plays a prompt role in social and economic development of our country. Agriculture is a form of science and it is an art of cultivating plants and livestock. But sadly, due to poor supply of water and dramatic change in climatic conditions, the amount of crop production and productivity is eventually decreasing now days. The evolution of smart agricultural solutions has become a recent trend in our day-to-day activities. So, one of the best solutions to tackle such issues is to encourage farmers to use the advanced technologies with sufficient resources as they helps in cutting down the cost input by literally maximizing the required output.
This paper proposes the measure of soil moisture content on the agricultural field and provides solution by controlling a value to turn water on and off whenever they lack adequate supply of water to the particular field. This approach is based on combination of LoRa (Long Range Radio) and cloud technologies. They develop agricultural modernization and also helps us to provide solution to many agro based problems. This
Keywords
LoRa, Gateway, LSN50, TTN.
1. INTRODUCTION
Agriculture, with all its allied sectors, is undoubtedly the largest livelihood provider in India. It is said that, agricultural sector is the backbone of Indian economy. Around 45% of the geographical areas are occupied by agricultural fields. Most of the Indians are either directly or indirectly depends on agricultural crops.
The rising agricultural surplus tends to improve social welfare especially in rural areas.
Researchers say that the demand for food will be doubled by the end of 2050 due to enormous increase in population. Due to receding water level, as a result of changes in climatic condition, it would be a challenging task address the population demand. As soil moisture content is an essential factor in increasing the productivity in agriculture, if the moisture content is optimum for plant growth, the plants can readily absorb soil water.
So, one solution to all the problems requires real time agricultural monitoring system as well as crop growth. Thus, the use of modern
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technology and cloud interface as they evidently helps in carrying out the real time requirement in the field. It is believed that the usage of these wireless technologies not only increases the crop productivity but also helps in saving the resources required.
2. PROPOSED SYSTEM
This paper proposes the efficient use of resources in real time agriculture monitoring system by using long range radio which is based on wireless sensor network protocol for IoT applications. As the demand for water is increasing in many parts of the world, Semtech LoRa based solutions allow farmers to make the most efficient way to manage their irrigation system. LoRa is designed by a company called
“Semtech”, which is adopted for IoT and long range applications. . LoRa is a long range, low power wireless platform that is recently becoming the technology's choice for creating IoT networks across the world. LoRaWAN is a long range wide area wireless network.
LoRa makes use of recently proposed LoRaWAN technology that possesses wider bandwidth. This paper focuses on the emerging communication technologies dedicated to IoT networks. LoRa uses entire channel bandwidth in order to broadcast signal that also provides resistance to channel noise, fading, doppler effect and relative frequency. Major characteristics parameters of LoRa are data rate (DR), spreading factors (SF) and bandwidth (BW).
Sensor node is a small tiny device in sensing, computing and communicating. It process the data over the network obtained from sensor into the cloud which will be used to give information to the end user. When they encounter low soil moisture content in a particular field/region, they immediately send the action to be taken at the receiver end. Here, it turns on the valve to get adequate water into the soil.
The field temperature and humidity also play a very important role in deciding the crops suitable for the given region. Basically, gateway uses two technologies to communicate one is Lora technology to collect information from LoRa nodes placed in fields and second one is WiFi, which is used to up- load the data collected into the cloud. It uses HTTP protocol to communicate between gateway and cloud.
Thus gateway has to be placed as per the requirements.
re- ceive data from LoRa nodes through LoRa communication and upload data to cloud through HTTP protocol.
3. BLOCK DIAGRAM
Fig.1: block diagram of LSN node connections to server
4. COMPONENTS OF HARDWARE SYSTEM
4.1 LSN50 Node:
Lsn50 stands for Long Range LoRa sensor node. It is used for outdoor purpose and has long term use battery. It provides secured data transmission for extremely long ranges at low data rates. This in turn, we can define thus as it provides Ultra Long Range communication. LSN50 node minimizes the current consumption. It has many applications in irrigation system, etc.
Fig 2: LSN50 Node
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Pin Description of LSN50 node: PA0 – output PA1 – output
PA2 – transmitter PA3 – receiver 4.2 LoRa Gateway:
LoRa Gateways are the routers that can connect with the internet. It aims to provide access to the community sourced projects such as The Things Network. Gateways receive information from the end users/nodes and send to the network server via standard IP connections. There are different types of gateways in LoRa technology.
LG01-gateway with single channel (transmission and reception of information will be done through single channel).
LG02- gateway with dual channel (one channel transmit the information and another channel will receive the information).
OLG02- Outdoor dual channel gateway (this gateway can connect to the network via 3G or 4G).
Fig 3: LGO1
Fig 4: LGO2
4.3 Soil moisture sensor
Soil moisture sensor measure the percentage /amount of water present in the soil.
water/moisture content in the soil. These probes allow the current to pass through the soil and get resistance value from the soil which in turn gives the moisture value.
Fig 5: soil moisture sensor
5. METHODOLOGY
Our project mainly deals with LoRa technology. LoRa is a long range wireless communication which competes all IoT applications. Compare to all other technologies like narrow band IOT, Wi-Fi, ZigBee’s LoRa achieves its extremely long range communication. It is very much suitable to transfer data at low data rates up to long distances.
Our project includes many software’s such as Keil, Serial Port Utility (SPU), and STM32. In our project we use a third party application called The Things Network which is used to connect the gateways to the server. In this, we create one application and under this thousands of devices can be connected. In Keil software, we write code necessary for our applications. STM32 is used to make changes in configurations according to applications. The changes may include pin configurations, frequency, UART etc. Serial Port Utility is used to give commands to send data and receive for valve and other controlling applications.
6. USAGE OF LORA TECHNOLOGY IN AGRICULTURE
Usage of LoRa technology is rapidly growing as well as its implementation in production process. In this we use LoRaWAN protocol. This protocol has great potential as it
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applications. It has the capability to transmit the data in long range and gives the opportunity to cover the huge areas (fields). Unlike ZigBee’s mesh topology it does not need additional modules to act as routers, which reduces the cost and complexity of the network. Besides long range transmission in agricultural-IOT applications, it also has low power consumption which makes it perfect for battery powered applications.
Fig 6: system design
7. WORKING
In our system the data collection service
Fig 7: flowchat of gateway
has the responsibility of storing the incoming data from the TTN network. The commands will
send to the actuators through TTN platform back
8. CONCLUSION
The practice of smart agriculture using LoRa to LoRaWAN network. There are two LSN50
nodes, one at transmitter and the other at receiver. Node at transmitter is equipped with variety of sensors that collect and transmit data to our cloud services, while node at receiver is equipped with actuators for controlling the
technology enhances the former methods of collecting and analyzing data in the agro- environmental system. By leveraging LoRa technology and LoRaWAN protocol, agribusiness can digitally monitor,analyze and monitor every aspect of their business. LoRa automatic sprinklers, turn on/off the valve, etc... technology provides a solid platform for the
When a command is send through TTN network, the LSN50 node gets the data from the sensors which ca n be seen through TTN and the
future of smart agriculture as it is easy to deploy and helps farmers to grow their business.
9. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
other node which is equipped with actuators willcontrol the necessary equipments. Our sincere thanks to the experts who have contributed towards development of the paper.
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