DPS MODERN INDIAN SCHOOL, DOHA, QATAR ACADEMIC YEAR 2021-22
SCIENCE- CHAPTER 5: GOOD HEALTH I. DEFINE THE FOLLOWING
1. Balanced diet-
2. Communicable disease- 3. Disease-
4. Hygiene- 5. Mumps-
6. Non-communicable disease- 7. Vaccination-
8. Vaccines-
9. Nutrients- nutrients are the energy giving substances present in food. The food we eat contains five nutrients-carbohydrates, fats, proteins, vitamins and minerals.
10. Epidemic- epidemic is widespread occurrence of infectious disease at a particular time.
II. ANSWER THE FOLLOWING
Q1. Write the function and sources of carbohydrates.
A) Function- carbohydrates give energy to our body.
Sources- rice, wheat, sweet potato, bread etc.
Q2. How does roughage play an important role in our diet?
A) Roughage helps in digestion of food by helping it pass through the digestive system.
Q3. Which food should we consume to obtain the following nutrients?
a) Calcium- Milk and green leafy vegetables b) Iodine: Seafood and iodised salt
c) Vitamin B: Unpolished rice, fish, meat, peas and cereals
Learn from the text book
d) Iron: Green leafy vegetables such as spinach, brinjal and fruits such as apples, dates, guavas, bananas and other items like jaggery and meat.
Q4. What does the food pyramid tell us?
A) Food pyramid is the way to understand the suitable amount of food items to eat on a daily basis. Different strata or partitions represent different food groups.
NOTE-DRAW THE DIAGRAM OF FOOD PYRAMID ON THE PLAIN PAGE
5. What are the different factors that affect our diet?
A) We need different amount of nutrients. The diet and amount of nutrients required by a person depend on age, gender and nature of work. For
example, a physically active teenager needs more carbohydrates than an old person.
Q6. What should the balanced diet of school going child include?
A) School going children need a lot of energy to perform various activities so their nutritional requirement is high. Their diet should include:
• Carbohydrates: wheat, rice, maize and other grains
• Dairy products: milk, curd and cheese
• Roughage: all seasonal fruits and vegetables
• Fat: nuts, oil and butter
Q7. Explain the role of exercise and rest in staying healthy and fit.
A) a) Role of exercise: Exercise increases the flow of blood to the muscles and keeps us fit and healthy.
b) Role of rest: Our body gets tired after doing work. The muscles are fatigued.
To feel refreshed and energetic again, we must take rest and sleep.
Q8. State the differences between communicable and non-communicable diseases.
Communicable diseases Non-communicable disease
These are called infectious diseases. These are called deficiency diseases These spread from one person to
another through germs.
These are caused by deficiency of particular nutrient in our diet.
Vaccination is an effective way of preventing communicable diseases
It can be prevented by taking particular nutrient in our diet.
Q9. Name the different kinds of germs which cause diseases. Mention the diseases caused by them.
A) The different kinds of germs are:
Germs Diseases caused
Bacteria Typhoid, plague, cholera, tuberculosis
Viruses Polio, chicken pox, measles, mumps, common cold Protozoa Malaria, amoebic dysentery
Q10. Name the different modes of transmission of communicable diseases.
Mode of transmission of communicable disease:
• Air- coughing or sneezing by a person releases germs into the air, which can affect any healthy person
• Infected food and water
• Insect bites
• Direct contact
Q11. Discuss two ways to prevent communicable diseases.
A) Two ways to prevent communicable diseases are-
• Hygiene - Keep yourself and surroundings clean. Use disinfectant to kill germs. Bathrooms and kitchens should be cleaned regularly with disinfectant.
• Vaccination: When vaccine of particular disease enters our body, our body develops capability of killing germs of that disease. Example: polio and measles
Q12. We need to vaccinate children. Give reason.
A) We should vaccinate children because they have relatively poor immunity and are more prone to infections. When a vaccine of particular disease enters their body, their body prepares themselves for killing the germs of that disease. Vaccines develop immunity even before infection can take place.
Q13. Why non-communicable diseases are also called deficiency diseases? How can they be prevented?
a) Non-communicable diseases do not spread by the transfer of germs from one person to another.
b) They are caused when there is a deficiency of a particular nutrient in our diet. That is why they are also called deficiency diseases.
c) For example Night blindness is caused due to the deficiency of vitamin A.
Q14. Dr. Meena has four patients in her clinic with the following symptoms. Can you identify the diseases that they are suffering from?
A) Patient 1: cannot see properly in dim light- Night blindness B) Patient 2: has bleeding gums and swollen joints- Scurvy C) Patient 3: has swelling in the neck region- Goitre
D) Patient 4: gets tired very easily- Anaemia
Q15. Explain the causes and preventive measures of the following non- communicable diseases.
a. Night blindness b. beriberi c. scurvy d. rickets e. anaemia f.
osteoporosis g. goitre
Copy or paste the table: 5.1 from the reader page no. 63/64
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Assessment Zone
A. 1. FALSE 2. FALSE 3. TRUE 4. FALSE 5. TRUE
B. 1. Roughage 2. Infectious or communicable disease 3. Vaccination 4. Disinfectant 5. Protozoa
C. Diseases Deficient Nutrients Symptoms 1. Osteoporosis Calcium Weak bones
2. Scurvy Vitamin C bleeding gum, swelling of joints
3. Goitre Iodine Swelling around neck 4. Beriberi Vitamin B1 Effects heart and nervous system
D.
1. a 2. b 3. c 4. c
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