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ii
DEDICATION
To Maria I. Hazel Mondesir
iii
BIOGRAPHY
Cassandra M. Germain received a Bachelors degree in Psychology from Hunter College-City University of New York in 1999. As an undergraduate she was a fellow of the National Institute of Mental Health Career Opportunities in Research (COR)
Program. She earned a Masters degree in Psychology from North Carolina State
iv
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
I would like to acknowledge my committee members for their time and expertise. A very special thank you to my advisor and Chair Thomas Hess. Thank you Tom for your unwavering support, outstanding training and most importantly for not giving up on me even when I disappeared for months at a time to “trouble shoot”. Thank you Shevaun for your patience and expertise as I worked through my crash course on the art of
multilevel modeling as it applied to my data set (I am glad that those were non-billable hours).
To Lynne Baker-Ward and Kitty Klein for years of personal and professional support. The wonderful friends and colleagues who I have met at various stages of this journey: Corinne, Sandy, Christina, Rob, Kenya, Shola, Jennifer Andrea and Joylynn. Thanks for the mentorship, lunch dates, babysitting, listening ears and companionship throughout this process. You’ve kept me inspired. I hold you guys dear to my heart.
To my family in Florida, whom I cherish dearly (Diana, Natalie, Jonathan and Dad). I am so very lucky to have such a loving family by my side. I would not have survived my first two years without you guys (nor you Amy Halberstadt). To Dina...thank you for taking mom’s role as my personal cheerleader.
v
TABLE OF CONTENTS
List of Tables ...……….. vi
List of Figures ...……… vii
Introduction ...……… 1
Methods...………... 17
Results and Analyses...……….. 23
Discussion ...………... 39
Caveats...………... 48
Conclusions and Future Directions...………... 49
References...………... 51
Tables... 57
Figure Captions... 65
Figures... 66
vi
LIST OF TABLES
Table 1. Age Ranges of Participants in General Activity Studies... 59
Table 2. Review of Research Findings by Type of Activity Studied ... 60
Table 3. Participant Demographics... 61
Table 4. Frequency of Observations for Participants with AAQ Data... 62
Table 5. Frequency of “Yes” Responses by AAQ item... …… 63
Table 6. Unstandardized Regression Coefficients for BVRT and WAIS... …… 64
vii
LIST OF FIGURES
Figure 1. Cross Sectional Activity x Gender Interaction for Memory Errors... 67
Figure 2. Cross Sectional Activity x Gender Interaction for Dementia Diagnosis.... 68
Figure 3. MLM Activity x Gender Interaction for Memory Errors... 69
Figure 4. MLM Activity x Health x Gender Interaction for Memory Errors ...70
Figure 5. 2- Way BVRT x Gender Reciprocal Interaction Effect for Activity... 71
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