chapter14_section04.pps

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14.4

Gases: Mixtures and Movements

A list of gear for an expedition to Mount Everest includes

climbing equipment, ski

goggles, a down parka with a hood, and most importantly compressed-gas cylinders of oxygen. You will find out why a supply of oxygen is

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Gases: Mixtures and Movements>

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14.4 Dalton’s Law

Dalton’s Law

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The contribution each gas in a mixture makes to the total pressure is called the

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14.4 Gases: Mixtures and Movements> Dalton’s Law

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Dalton’s law of partial pressures states

that, at constant volume and temperature, the total pressure exerted by a mixture of gases is equal to the sum of the partial pressures of

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Gases: Mixtures and Movements> Dalton’s Law

Animation 17

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The partial pressure of oxygen must be

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SAMPLE PROBLEM

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SAMPLE PROBLEM

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SAMPLE PROBLEM

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SAMPLE PROBLEM

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Practice Problems for Sample Problem 14.6

Problem Solving 14.32

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14.4 Graham’s Law

Graham’s Law

How does the molar mass of a gas affect the rate at which the gas

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Diffusion is the tendency of molecules to

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Bromine vapor is diffusing

upward through the air in a

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After several hours, the

bromine has

diffused almost to the top of the

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14.4 Gases: Mixtures and Movements> Graham’s Law

During effusion, a gas escapes through a tiny hole in its container.

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Thomas Graham’s Contribution

Graham’s law of effusion states that the

rate of effusion of a gas is inversely

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Comparing Effusion Rates

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Helium effuses (and diffuses) nearly three times faster than nitrogen at the same

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Gases: Mixtures and Movements> Graham’s Law

Animation 18

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Section Quiz

-or-Continue to: Launch:

Assess students’ understanding of the concepts in Section

14.4 Section Quiz.

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1. What is the partial pressure of oxygen in a diving tank containing oxygen and helium if the total pressure is 800 kPa and the partial pressure of helium is 600 kPa?

a. 200 kPa

b. 0.75 kPa

c. 1.40 104 kPa

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2. A mixture of three gases exerts a pressure of 448 kPa, and the gases are present in the mole ratio 1 : 2 : 5. What are the individual gas pressures?

a. 44 kPa, 88 kPa, and 316 kPa

b. 52 kPa, 104 kPa, and 292 kPa

c. 56 kPa, 112 kPa, and 280 kPa

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3. Choose the correct words for the spaces. Graham's Law says that the rate of diffusion of a gas is __________ proportional to the square root of its _________ mass.

a. directly, atomic

b. inversely, atomic

c. inversely, molar

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Gases: Mixtures and Movements> Concept Map 14

Concept Map 14

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