ISSN 2319-7625 (Online) (An International Research Journal), www.chemistry-journal.org
Molecular Interaction Studies on Binary Liquid Mixture
Containing O-cresol and N, N’-dimethyl Formamide
at 318.15 K
Ch. Murali Krishna1, Ch. V. Padmarao1 and C. Rambabu2
1Department of Chemistry,
Adikavi Nannaya University, Rajahmundry, INDIA.
2Department of Chemistry,
Acharya Nagarjuna University, Guntur, INDIA.
email: [email protected]., [email protected].
(Received on: July 12, Accepted: July 31, 2017)
ABSTRACT
The ultrasonic velocity, viscosity and density of binary liquid mixture containing O-Cresol and N,N’-dimethyl Formamide have been measured over the temperature at 318.15 K. Using these data, various parameters like adiabatic compressibility (βad), intermolecular free length (Lf), free volume (V) and some excess parameters like excess adiabatic compressibility (Δβad), excess intermolecular free length (LE
f), excess free volume (VE), and excess ultrasonic viscosity (ηE) have been calculated for this mixture. The observed deviations have been explained on the basis of the intermolecular interactions present in these mixtures.
Keywords: O-Cresol, N, N’-dimethyl Formamide, ultrasonic velocity, viscosity, density.
INTRODUCTION
In studying the molecular interactions and physicochemical activities of binary liquid mixtures1,2, the awareness of thermodynamic and acoustical properties is of great importance.
binary mixture of this system from the point of view of its ultrasonic behavior. In an attempt to give explanation about the interactions between O-Cresol and N,N’-dimethyl Formamide, ultrasonic velocity, viscosity and density of binary liquid mixture of O-Cresol and N,N’-dimethyl Formamide have been determined over the temperature at 318.15 K. Using the experimental values of adiabatic compressibility (βad), intermolecular free length (Lf), free
volume (V) and some excess parameters like excess adiabatic compressibility (Δβad), excess
intermolecular free length (LE
f), excess free volume (VE), and excess ultrasonic viscosity (ηE)
have been calculated. In the light of excess parameters, the intermolecular interactions have been estimated8.
MATERIALS AND EXPERIMENTS
All the materials procured of Sigma-Aldrich AR grade and glassware used of Borosilicate make. Organic liquid O-Cresol, N, N’-dimethyl Formamide of AR grades were procured from Sigma-Aldrich are used directly without purification. The densities and viscosities of the liquid compounds were measured with specific gravity bottle and Ostwald viscometer pre calibrated with 3D9 water of Millipore to nearest mg/ml. The time taken for
flow of viscous fluid in Ostwald viscosity meter is measured to a nearest 0.01 sec. Borosilicate glassware, Japan make Shimadzu electronic balance of sensitivity +0.001gm and constant temperature water bath of accuracy +0.1K were used while conducting the experiments. 2MHz ultrasonic interferometer model no. F-05 with least count of micrometer 0.001mm of Mittal Enterprises10 was used for calculating velocities of sound waves and all the tests were
conducted as per ASTM standard11 procedures.
THEORY
In order to examine the inter molecular interactions in liquid mixture of O-Cresol and N, N’-dimethyl Formamide, experiments were conducted to find the density, viscosity and velocity of 2MHz ultrasonic waves for pure liquids and for binary liquid mixture. From the experimental data of binary mixture, the derived, excess values were calculated at various mole fractions of o-cresol for understanding inter and intra molecular interactions at 318.15K temperature. The derived and excess values are calculated by using the fallowing relations adiabatic compressibility (βad), Intermolecular free length (Lf) free volume and viscosity of the
Table:1. The values of density (ρ), ultrasonic velocity (U), viscosity (η), adiabatic compressibility (βad), free volume (V) and intermolecular free length (Lf) along with mole fraction of O-Cresol
with N,N’-dimethyl Formamide.
X U ρ η βad Lf V
0.0000 1391.00 0.9282 0.6112 55.6806 0.4787 79.8212
0.0774 1402.00 0.9389 1.1520 54.1856 0.4722 81.7203
0.1589 1414.60 0.9499 1.7300 52.6086 0.4653 83.6929
0.2446 1428.08 0.9600 2.3455 51.0768 0.4585 85.8530
0.3350 1441.96 0.9693 2.8051 49.6176 0.4519 88.2039
0.4304 1453.68 0.9800 3.4714 48.2878 0.4458 90.5557
0.5313 1464.02 0.9886 3.8816 47.1938 0.4407 93.2421
0.6381 1464.64 0.9986 4.2445 46.6819 0.4383 95.9507
0.7514 1457.24 1.0080 4.5914 46.7175 0.4385 98.8836
0.8718 1445.31 1.0169 4.9615 47.0759 0.4401 102.0500
1.0000 1432.10 1.0241 5.4120 47.6114 0.4426 105.5952
Figure.1-4: Viscosity (η), adiabatic compressibility (βad), free volume (V) and intermolecular free length (Lf)
along with mole fraction of O-Cresol.
Table: 2. The excess parameter of adiabatic compressibility, intermolecular free length, free volume and viscosity along with mole fraction of O-Cresol with N,N’-dimethyl Formamide.
X ηE Δβad LfE VE
0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0774 0.1690 -0.8700 -0.0037 -0.0971 0.1589 0.3560 -1.7900 -0.0077 -0.2133 0.2446 0.5600 -2.6300 -0.0114 -0.2727 0.3350 0.7230 -3.3600 -0.0147 -0.3142 0.4304 0.7940 -3.9200 -0.0174 -0.3414 0.5313 0.7200 -4.2000 -0.0188 -0.3441 0.6381 0.5700 -3.8500 -0.0174 -0.3312 0.7514 0.3730 -2.9000 -0.0131 -0.2838 0.8718 0.1650 -1.5700 -0.0071 -0.1909 1.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
Figures.5-8: The excess parameter of adiabatic compressibility, intermolecular free length, free volume and viscosity along with mole fraction of O-Cresol
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
Values of density (ρ), ultrasonic velocity (U), viscosity (η), adiabatic compressibility (βad), free volume (V) and intermolecular free length (Lf) along with mole fraction of O-Cresol
of O-Cresol with N,N’-dimethyl Formamide listed in table (2). Also the graphical representation for above said parameter against mole fraction (X) of O-Cresol is depicted from the figures 1 to 8. Ultrasonic velocity in medium is depends upon binding forces between the molecules. From the table (1) it is clear that in the system O-Cresol with N, N’-dimethyl Formamide the ultrasonic velocity first increases and then decreases with increasing mole fractions of O-Cresol. The decrease in velocity and increase in adiabatic compressibility were attributed to the formation of hydrogen bonds between solute and solvent molecules12. From
table (2), the negative values of excess parameters shows there is weak molecular interaction existing between unlike molecules13. The excess intermolecular free lengths are negative. It
shows sound waves cover long distance due to decrease in intermolecular free length. It means dominant nature of hydrogen bonding between unlike molecules14. The excess value of
adiabatic compressibility, inter molecular free length and free volumes, all are negative value indicates the weak molecular interactions between unlike molecules.
CONCLUSIONS
The ultrasonic velocity, viscosity and density other related experimental, derived and their excess parameters were calculated. The miscible organic binary liquid mixture of O-Cresol with N, N’-dimethyl Formamide shows the negative values of adiabatic compressibility, inter molecular free length and free volumes represent the strong interaction between the unlike molecules of the binary mixture.
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
The authors are very much grateful to Acharya Nagarjuna University for providing infrastructure facilities. And also thankful to Dr. G.V. Rama Rao for constant support for the completion of work.
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