Fourozan MCQ From 4th Edition

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14: The 7Pv+ header field formerly $nown as the service type field is now called the _______ field. a. 7T"

b. chec$sum

c. differentiated ser%ices d. none of the above

15: 7n 7Pv08 options are inserted between the _________ and the ___________ data. a. base headerB e3tension header

b. base $eader1 upper-layer data c. base headerB frame header d. none of the above

26: 7Pv0 allows _________ security provisions than 7Pv+. a. more

b. less

c. the same level d. none of the above

21: 7n 7Pv08 when a datagram needs to be discarded in a congested networ$8 the decision is based on the _______ field in the base header.

a. hop limit b. priority c. ne3t header

d. none of the above

22: 7n 7Pv08 the _______ field in the base header and the sender 7P address combine to indicate a uni#ue path identifier for a specific flow of data.

a. flo( label b. ne3t header c. hop limit

d. destination 7P address

"2APER ,+

1: A _______ address is an internetwor$ address with universal Kurisdiction. a. physical

b. logical c. a and b

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2: The logical addresses in the 7nternet are called _______ addresses. a. port

b. IP c. mail

!: A ________ is a local address. 7ts Kurisdiction is over a local networ$. a. p$ysical

b. logical c. a and b

+: 7f the sender is a host and wants to send a pac$et to another host on the same networ$8 the logical address that must be mapped to a physical address is ______.

a. t$e destination IP address in t$e datagram $eader b. the 7P address of the router found in the routing table c. either a or b

-: 7f the sender is a host and wants to send a pac$et to another host on another networ$8 the logical address that must be mapped to a physical address is ______.

a. the destination 7P address in the datagram header

b. t$e IP address of t$e router found in t$e routing table c. either a or b

0: The sender is a router that has received a datagram destined for a host on another networ$. The logical address that must be mapped to a physical address is ______.

a. the destination 7P address in the datagram header

b. t$e IP address of t$e router found in t$e routing table c. either a or b

: The sender is a router that has received a datagram destined for a host on the same networ$. The logical address that must be mapped to a physical address is ______.

a. t$e destination IP address in t$e datagram $eader b. the 7P address of the router found in the routing table c. either a or b

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b. b. Star Star c. c. BusBus d. d. )ing)ing

: (ommunication between a computer and a $eyboard involves ______________ transmission. : (ommunication between a computer and a $eyboard involves ______________ transmission.

a. simplex a. simplex b. b. halfduple3halfduple3 c. c. fullduple3fullduple3 d. d. automaticautomatic

4: A television broadcast is an e3ample of _______ transmission. 4: A television broadcast is an e3ample of _______ transmission.

a. simplex a. simplex b. b. halfduple3halfduple3 c. c. fullduple3fullduple3 d. d. automaticautomatic

5: A _______ connection provides a dedicated lin$ between two devices. 5: A _______ connection provides a dedicated lin$ between two devices.

a. point-to-point a. point-to-point b. b. multipointmultipoint c. c. primaryprimary d. d. secondarysecondary

16: 7n a _______ connection8 more than two devices can share a single lin$. 16: 7n a _______ connection8 more than two devices can share a single lin$.

a. a. pointtopointpointtopoint b. multipoint b. multipoint c. c. primaryprimary d. d. secondarysecondary

11: 7n _______ transmission8 the channel capacity is shared by both communicating devices at all times. 11: 7n _______ transmission8 the channel capacity is shared by both communicating devices at all times.

a. a. simple3simple3 b. b. halfduple3halfduple3 c. full-duplex c. full-duplex d. d. halfsimplehalfsimple33

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4: 7n _______8 a table associating a logical address with a physical address is updated manually. a. static mapping

b. dynamic mapping c. physical mapping d. none of the above

5: _______ is a dynamic mapping protocol in which a physical address is found for a given logical address.

a. ARP b. )A)P

c. both a and b d. none of the above

16: The target hardware address on an thernet is _______ in an A)P re#uest. a. >x>>>>>>>>>>>>

b. 6.6.6.6 c. variable

d. class dependent

11: An A)P reply is normally _______. a. broadcast

b. multicast c. unicast

12: An A)P re#uest is normally _______. a. broadcast

b. multicast c. unicast

1!: A techni#ue called ______ is used to create a subnetting effect. a. A)P

b. )A)P c. proxy ARP

1+: A _______ is an A)P that acts on behalf of a set of hosts. a. A)P

b. )A)P c. proxy ARP

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1-: 7(P is a _________ layer protocol. a. data lin$

b. transport c. net(or)

10: 7(P messages are divided into two broad categories: _____________. a. 6uery and error reporting messages

b. re#uest and response messages c. re#uest and reply messages d. none of the above

1: An 7(P message has _____ header and a variablesi,e data section. a. a 10byte

b. a !2byte c. an -byte

14: hich of the following is true about 7(P messages/

a. An 7(P error message may be generated for an 7(P error message. b. An 7(P error message may be generated for each fragment.

c. An 7(P error message may be generated for a multicast datagram. d. none is true

15: hich of the following is true about 7(P messages/

a. An 7(P error message may be generated for an 7(P error message. b. An I"MP error message may be generated only for t$e first fragment. c. An 7(P error message may be generated for a multicast datagram.

d. none is true

26: 7P is a companion to the ______ protocol. a. ;*P

b. T(P c. 7(

d. none of t$e abo%e 21: 7P is _______ protocol.

a. an error reporting b. a group management c. a transmission

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22: 7P helps a ________ router create and update a list of loyal members related to each router interface.

a. broadcast b. unicast c. multicast

2!: 7P operates __________. a. locally

b. globally c. both a and b d. none of the above

2+: An 7P #uery is sent from a _______ to a _______. a. hostB host

b. hostB router

c. router1 $ost or router d. none of the above

2-: The _______ is used by a router in response to a received leave report. a. general #uery message

b. special 6uery message c. membership report

20: The least significant 2! bits in a +4bit thernet address identify a ________. a. multicast router

b. host

c. multicast group d. none of the above

2: The _______ field of the 7P message is all ,eros in a #uery message. a. version

b. type

c. group address d. none of the above

24: A multicast message is sent from _______ to _______. a. one sourceB one destination

b. one source1 multiple destinations c. multiple sourcesB one destination d. none of the above

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25: 7n networ$s that do not support physical multicast addressing8 multicasting can be accomplished through _______.

a. mapping b. #ueries c. tunneling

!6: 7f four hosts on a networ$ belong to the same group8 a total of _______ sent in response to a general #uery message.

a. one membership report is b. t(o members$ip reports are c. three membership reports are d. none of the above

!1: 7n 7P8 a membership report is sent _______. a. once

b. t(ice c. three times

!2: 7n 7P8 the general #uery message ___________________ group. a. does not define a particular

b. e3plicitly defines a

c. can define more than one d. none of the above

!!: An 7P pac$et is carried in an __________ pac$et. a. ;*P

b. IP

c. thernet frame d. none of the above

!+: The 7P pac$et that carries an 7P pac$et has a value of _______ in its protocol field. a. !

b. , c. 1

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"2APER ,,

1: 7n _______ delivery8 both the deliverer of the 7P pac$et and the destination are on the same networ$. a. a connectionless

b. a direct c. an indirect

2: 7n _______ delivery8 the deliverer of the 7P pac$et and the destination are on different networ$s. a. a connectionoriented

b. a direct c. an indirect

!: 7n _______ forwarding8 the full 7P address of a destination is given in the routing table. a. ne3thop

b. networ$specific c. $ost-specific d. default

+: 7n _______ forwarding8 the mas$ and destination addresses are both 6.6.6.6 in the routing table. a. ne3thop

b. networ$specific c. hostspecific d. default

-: 7n _______ forwarding8 the destination address is a networ$ address in the routing table. a. ne3thop

b. net(or)-specific c. hostspecific d. default

0: 7n _______ forwarding8 the routing table holds the address of Kust the ne3t hop instead of complete route information.

a. next-$op

b. networ$specific c. hostspecific d. default

: The idea of address aggregation was designed to alleviate the increase in routing table entries when using ________.

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b. classless addressing c. both a and b

4: The principle of ________ states that the routing table is sorted from the longest mas$ to the shortest mas$.

a. first mas$ matching b. shortest mas$ matching c. longest mas) matc$ing d. none of the above

5: The use of hierarchy in routing tables can ________ the si,e of the routing tables. a. reduce

b. increase c. both a and b d. none of the above

16: _______ deals with the issues of creating and maintaining routing tables. a. "orwarding

b. Routing c. *irecting

d. 9one of the above

11: A _______ routing table contains information entered manually. a. static

b. dynamic c. hierarchical

12: A _______ routing table is updated periodically using one of the dynamic routing protocols. a. static

b. dynamic c. hierarchical

1!: The input and output ports of a router perform the ________ layer functions of the router. a. p$ysical and data lin)

b. networ$ c. transport

1+: The routing processor of a router performs the ________ layer functions of the router. a. physical and data lin$

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c. transport

1-: The tas$ of moving the pac$et from the input #ueue to the output #ueue in a router is done by _________.

a. input and output ports b. routing processor c. s(itc$ing fabrics d. none of the above

10: A static table is one _______. a. (it$ manual entries

b. which is updated automatically c. either a or b

1: A dynamic table is one _______. a. with manual entries

b. ($ic$ is updated automatically c. either a or b

14: "or purposes of routing8 the 7nternet is divided into ___________. a. wide area networ$s

b. autonomous networ$s c. autonomous systems d. none of the above

15: ____________ is a group of networ$s and routers under the authority of a single administration. a. An autonomous system

b. An area c. a and b

26: )outing inside an autonomous system is referred to as _______________. a. interdomain routing

b. intradomain routing c. both a and b

21: )outing between autonomous systems is referred to as ____________. a. interdomain routing

b. intradomain routing c. both a and b

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22: 7n _______ routing8 the least cost route between any two nodes is the route with the minimum distance.

a. path vector b. distance %ector c. lin$ state

2!: 7n ________8 each node maintains a vector %table& of minimum distances to every node. a. path vector

b. distance %ector c. lin$ state

2+: 7n distance vector routing8 each node periodically shares its routing table with _________ and whenever there is a change.

a. every other node

b. its immediate neig$bors c. one neighbor

2-: The )outing 7nformation Protocol %)7P& is an intradomain routing based on _________ routing. a. distance %ector

b. lin$ state c. path vector

20: The metric used by _______ is the hop count. a. <SP"

b. RIP c. 'P

2: The _________ routing uses the *iK$stra algorithm to build a routing table. a. distance vector

b. lin) state c. path vector

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24: The <pen Shortest Path "irst %<SP"& protocol is an intradomain routing protocol based on _______ 24: The <pen Shortest Path "irst %<SP"& protocol is an intradomain routing protocol based on _______ routing.

routing. a.

a. distance distance vector vector b.

b. lin) lin) statestate c.

c. path path vector vector d.

d. none none of of the the aboveabove

25: The _______ protocol allows the administrator to assign a cost8 called the metric8 to each route. 25: The _______ protocol allows the administrator to assign a cost8 called the metric8 to each route.

a. a. *SP!*SP! b. b. )7P)7P c. c. 'P'P d.

!6: 7n <SP"8 a ________ lin$ connects two routers without any other host or router in between. !6: 7n <SP"8 a ________ lin$ connects two routers without any other host or router in between.

a. a. point-to-pointpoint-to-point b. b. transienttransient c. c. stubstub d.

!1: 7n <SP"8 a _______ lin$ is a networ$ with several routers attached to it. !1: 7n <SP"8 a _______ lin$ is a networ$ with several routers attached to it.

a. a. pointtopointpointtopoint b. b. transienttransient c. c. stubstub d.

!2: 7n <SP"8 a ________ lin$ is a networ$ is connected to only one router. !2: 7n <SP"8 a ________ lin$ is a networ$ is connected to only one router.

a. a. pointtopointpointtopoint b. b. transienttransient c. c. stubstub d.

!!: 7n <SP"8 when the lin$ between two routers is bro$en8 the administration may create a _________ !!: 7n <SP"8 when the lin$ between two routers is bro$en8 the administration may create a _________ lin$ between them using a longer path that probably goes through several routers.

lin$ between them using a longer path that probably goes through several routers. a. a. pointtopointpointtopoint b. b. transienttransient c. c. stubstub d.

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!+: 7n ________ routing8 we assume that there is one node %or more& in each autonomous system that !+: 7n ________ routing8 we assume that there is one node %or more& in each autonomous system that acts on behalf of the entire autonomous system.

acts on behalf of the entire autonomous system. a.

a. distant distant vector vector b.

b. pat$ pat$ %ector %ector c.

c. lin$ lin$ statestate d.

!-: ___________ is an interdomain routing protocol using path vector routing. !-: ___________ is an interdomain routing protocol using path vector routing.

a. a. BHPBHP b. b. )7P)7P c. c. <SP"<SP" d.

!0: To create a neighborhood relationship8 a router running 'P sends an ________ message. !0: To create a neighborhood relationship8 a router running 'P sends an ________ message.

a. a. openopen b. b. updateupdate c. c. $eepalive$eepalive d.

d. none none of of the the aboveabove !: An area is _______. !: An area is _______.

a.

a. part part of of an an ASAS b.

b. composed composed of of at at least least two two ASsASs c.

c. another another term term for for an an ASAS d.

!4: A onetoall communication between one source and all hosts on a networ$ is classified as a !4: A onetoall communication between one source and all hosts on a networ$ is classified as a ______

_______ communic_ communication.ation. a. a. unicastunicast b. b. multicastmulticast c. c. broadcastbroadcast d.

!5: A onetomany communication between one source and a specific group of hosts is classified as a !5: A onetomany communication between one source and a specific group of hosts is classified as a ______

_______ communic_ communication.ation. a. a. unicastunicast b. b. multicastmulticast c. c. broadcastbroadcast d.

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+6: A onetoone communication between one source and one destination is classified as a _______ +6: A onetoone communication between one source and one destination is classified as a _______ communication. communication. a. unicast a. unicast b. b. multicastmulticast c. c. broadcastbroadcast d.

+1: 7n ______8 the router forwards the received pac$et through only one of its interfaces. +1: 7n ______8 the router forwards the received pac$et through only one of its interfaces.

a. a. unicastingunicasting b. b. multicastimulticastingng c. c. broadcastingbroadcasting d.

+2: 7n _______8 the router may forward the received pac$et through several of its interfaces. +2: 7n _______8 the router may forward the received pac$et through several of its interfaces.

a. a. unicastingunicasting b. b. multicastingmulticasting c. c. broadcastingbroadcasting d.

+!: mulation of ________ through ___________ is not efficient and may create long delays. +!: mulation of ________ through ___________ is not efficient and may create long delays.

a.

a. unicastingB unicastingB multiple multiple unicastingunicasting b. multicasting1 multiple unicasting b. multicasting1 multiple unicasting c.

c. broadcastingB broadcastingB multicastingmulticasting d.

++: 7n unicast routing8 each router in the domain has a table that defines a ______ path tree to possible ++: 7n unicast routing8 each router in the domain has a table that defines a ______ path tree to possible destinations. destinations. a. a. averageaverage b. b. longestlongest c. s$ortest c. s$ortest d.

+-: 7n multicast routing8 each involved router needs to construct a ________ path tree for each group. +-: 7n multicast routing8 each involved router needs to construct a ________ path tree for each group.

a. a. averageaverage b. b. longestlongest c. c. s$ortests$ortest d.

+0: 7n the _______ tree approach8 each router needs to have one shortest path tree for each group. +0: 7n the _______ tree approach8 each router needs to have one shortest path tree for each group.

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a. groupshared b. source-based c. a or b

+: 7n the groupshared tree approach8 _________ involved in multicasting. a. only t$e core router is

b. all routers are

c. only some routers are d. none of the above

+4: ulticast lin$ state routing uses the _______ tree approach. a. source-based

b. groupshared c. a or b

+5: The ulticast <pen Shortest Path "irst %<SP"& protocol is an e3tension of the <SP" protocol that uses multicast routing to create sourcebased trees. The protocol is based on _______ routing.

a. distance vector b. lin) state

c. path vector

-6: <SP" is a _______ protocol. a. data-dri%en

b. commanddriven c. both a and b d. none of the above

-1: _________ broadcasts pac$ets8 but creates loops in the systems. a. "orwarding

b. !looding c. 'ac$warding d. none of the above

-2: 7n )P"8 a router forwards only the copy that has traveled the _______ path from the source to the router.

a. s$ortest b. longest

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c. average

-!: )P" eliminates the ________ in the flooding process. a. forwarding

b. bac$warding c. flooding

d. none of t$e abo%e

-+: )P" guarantees that each networ$ receives only ____ of the multicast pac$et. a. one copy

b. two copies c. a or b

--: )P' creates a shortest path _______ tree from the source to each destination. a. unicast

b. multicast c. broadcast

-0: )P' guarantees that each destination receives _________ of the pac$et. a. one copy

b. no copies c. multiple copies d. none of the above

-: 7n ________8 the multicast pac$et must reach only those networ$s that have active members for that particular group.

a. )P" b. )P' c. RPM

-4: _______ adds pruning and grafting to _______ to create a multicast shortest path tree that supports dynamic membership changes.

a. RPM1 RPB b. )P'B )P c. )P": )P

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a. analog b. digital c. %a& or %b&

14: _______ data have discrete states and ta$e discrete values. a. Analog

b./igital c. %a& or %b&

d. 9one of the above 15: Signals can be ________.

a. analog b. digital

c. eit$er ;a< or ;b< d. neither %a& nor %b&

26: _____ signals can have an infinite number of values in a range. a. Analog

b. *igital c. %a& or %b&

21: _______ signals can have only a limited number of values. a. Analog

b. /igital c. %a& or %b&

22: "re#uency and period are ______. a. in%erse of eac$ ot$er

b. proportional to each other c. the same

2!: ________is the rate of change with respect to time. a. Amplitude

b. Time

c. !re6uency d. Goltage

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-5: __________ is an implementation of multicast distance vector routing. 7t is a sourcebased routing protocol8 based on )7P.

a. <SP" b. /MRP c. ('T

06: *G)P is a ________routing protocol8 based on )7P. a. source-based

b. groupshared c. both a and b d. none of the above

01: Pruning and grafting are strategies used in _______. a. )P"

b. )P' c. RPM

02: A _______ message tells an upstream router to stop sending multicast messages for a specific group through a specific router.

a. weed b. graft c. prune

0!: A _______ message tells an upstream router to start sending multicast messages for a specific group through a specific router.

a. weed b. graft c. prune

0+: ('T is a ________ protocol that uses a core as the root of the tree. a. sourcebased

b. group-s$ared c. a or b

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0-: P7* is used in a _______ multicast environment8 such as a >A9. a. dense

b. sparse c. a or b

00: P7S is used in a _______multicast environment such as a A9. a. dense

b. sparse c. a or b

0: 7n _______8 a logical tunnel is established by encapsulating the multicast pac$et inside a unicast pac$et.

a. ;97'<9 b. ;>T'<9 c. MB*NE

"2APER ,3

1: <ne of the responsibilities of the transport layer protocol is to create a ______ communication. a. hosttohost

b. process-to-process c. nodetonode

2: ;*P is called a ________________transport protocol. a. connectionless8 reliable

b. connectionoriented8 unreliable c. connectionless@ unreliable d. none of the above

!: ;*P does not add anything to the services of 7P e3cept for providing _______ communication. a. nodetonode

b. process-to-process c. hosttohost

+: ;*P is an acronym for _______. a. ;ser *elivery Protocol

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b. ;ser *atagram Procedure c. ser /atagram Protocol d. none of the above

-: Although there are several ways to achieve processtoprocess communication8 the most common is through the __________ paradigm.

a. client-ser%er b. clientclient c. serverserver d. none of the above

0: The local host and the remote host are defined using 7P addresses. To define the processes8 we need second identifiers called ____________.

a. ;*P addresses b. transport addresses c. port addresses d. none of the above

: The ports ranging from +581-2 to 0-8-!- can be used as temporary or private port numbers. They are called the ________ ports.

a. well$nown b. registered c. dynamic

4: 7n the sending computer8 ;*P receives a data unit from the _______ layer. a. application

b. transport c. 7P

5: 7n the sending computer8 ;*P sends a data unit to the _______ layer. a. application

b. transport c. IP

16: ;*P and T(P are both _______ layer protocols. a. data lin$

b. networ$ c. transport

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11: hich of the following functions does ;*P perform/ a. process-to-process communication

b. hosttohost communication c. endtoend reliable data delivery d. none of the above

12: hen the 7P layer of a receiving host receives a datagram8 _______. a. delivery is complete

b. a transport layer protocol ta)es o%er c. a header is added

1!: ;*P needs the _______ address to deliver the user datagram to the correct application process. a. port

b. application c. internet

1+: A port address in ;*P is _______bits long. a. 4

b. +0 c. !2

d. any of the above

1-: hich of the following does ;*P guarantee/ a. flow control

b. connectionoriented delivery c. flow control

10: The source port address on the ;*P user datagram header defines _______. a. the sending computer

b. the receiving computer

c. t$e process running on t$e sending computer d. none of the above

1: The combination of an 7P address and a port number is called a ____________. a. transport address

b. networ$ address c. soc)et address d. none of the above

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14: To use the services of ;*P8 we need ________ soc$et addresses. a. four

b. t(o c. three

15: ;*P pac$ets are called __________. a. user datagrams

b. segments c. frames

26: ;*P pac$ets have a fi3edsi,e header of _______ bytes. a. 10

b.  c. +6

21: ;*P pac$ets are encapsulated in ___________. a. an thernet frame

b. an T(P segment c. an IP datagram d. none of the above

22: ;*P uses ________ to handle outgoing user datagrams from multiple processes on one host. a. flow control

b. multiplexing c. demultiple3ing d. none of the above

2!: ;*P uses _______ to handle incoming user datagrams that go to different processes on the same host.

a. flow control b. multiple3ing c. demultiplexing d. none of the above

2+: T(P is a __________protocol. a. stream-oriented

b. messageoriented c. bloc$oriented d. none of the above

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2-: T(P allows the sending process to deliver data as a _______of bytes and allows the receiving process to obtain data as a _________ of bytes.

a. messageB message b. stream1 stream c. bloc$B bloc$

20: 'ecause the sending and the receiving processes may not write or read data at the same speed8 T(P ________.

a. speeds up the slower process b. slows down the faster process c. uses buffers

2: T(P groups a number of bytes together into a pac$et called a ___________. a. user datagram

b. segment c. datagram

24: T(P is a ___________ protocol. a. connection-oriented

b. connectionless c. both a and b d. none of the above

25: T(P is a%n& _______ transport protocol. a. unreliable

b. besteffort delivery c. reliable

!6: T(P uses _________________ to chec$ the safe and sound arrival of data. a. an ac)no(ledgment mec$anism

b. outofband signalling

c. the services of another protocol d. none of the above

!1: The bytes of data being transferred in each connection are numbered by T(P. The numbering starts with a __________________.

(24)

b. 1

c. randomly generated number d. none of the above

!2: T(P assigns a se#uence number to each segment that is being sent. The se#uence number for each segment is the number of the _______ byte carried in that segment.

a. first b. last c. middle

!!: (ommunication in T(P is ___________. a. simple3

b. halfduple3 c. full-duplex

!+: The value of the ac$nowledgment field in a segment defines the number of the ______byte a party e3pects to receive.

a. first b. last c. next

!-: The ac$nowledgment number is ________. a. independent

b. randomly generated c. cumulati%e

!0: The value of the window si,e is determined by _________. a. the sender

b. t$e recei%er

c. both the sender and receiver d. none of the above

!: The inclusion of the chec$sum in the T(P segment is ________. a. optional

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c. at the discretion of the application program d. none of the above

!4: A T(P segment is encapsulated in __________. a. an IP datagram

b. an thernet frame c. a ;*P user datagram d. none of the above

!5: (onnection establishment in T(P is called __________ handsha$ing. a. twoway

b. fourway c. oneway

+6: A SM9 segment cannot carry dataB it consumes _____ se#uence number%s&. a. no

b. one c. two

+1: A SM9 I A(D segment cannot carry dataB it consumes _____ se#uence number%s&. a. no

b. three c. two

+2: An A(D segment8 if carrying no data8 consumes ______ se#uence number%s&. a. no

b. one c. two

+!: The connection establishment procedure in T(P is susceptible to a serious security problem called the _________ attac$.

a. A(D flooding b. "79 flooding c. SKN flooding d. none of the above

++: The SM9 flooding attac$ belongs to a group of security attac$s $nown as a _____ attac$. a. denial of ser%ice

b. replay

(26)

+-: The "79 segment consumes ____ se#uence numbers if it does not carry data. a. two

b. three c. no

+0: The "79 I A(D segment consumes _____ se#uence number%s& if it does not carry data. a. two

b. three c. one

+: 7n T(P8 one end can stop sending data while still receiving data. This is called a ______. a. $alf-close

b. halfopen

c. oneway termination d. none of the above

+4: A%n& _________ machine is a machine that goes through a limited number of states. a. infinite state

b. finite state c. both a and b d. none of the above

+5: __________ control regulates the amount of data a source can send before receiving an ac$nowledgment from the destination.

a. rror b. !lo(

c. (ongestion

-6: To accomplish flow control8 T(P uses a ___________ window protocol. a. limitedsi,e

b. sliding c. fi3edsi,e

-1: T(P sliding windows are __________ oriented. a. pac$et

b. segment c. byte

(27)

-2: A(D segments consume _______ se#uence number%s& and _______ ac$nowledged. a. no1 are not

b. oneB are not c. noB are

-!: T(P delivers _______ outoforder segments to the process. a. all

b. no c. some

-+: 7P is responsible for _______ communication while T(P is responsible for _______ communication. a. $ost-to-$ost1 process-to-process

b. processtoprocessB hosttohost

c. processtoprocessB networ$tonetwor$ d. none of the above

--: 7f a segment carries data along with an ac$nowledgment8 this is called _______. a. bac$pac$ing

b. piggybac)ing c. piggypac$ing d. none of the above

-0: ultiply the header length field by _______ to find the total number of bytes in the T(P header. a. 2

b. = c. 0

-: ;rgent data re#uires the urgent pointer field as well as the ;) bit in the _______ field. a. control

b. offset

c. se#uence number d. none of the above

-4: The options field of the T(P header ranges from 6 to _______ bytes. a. 16

b. 26 c. =>

(28)

-5: 7f the A(D value is 2668 then byte _______ has been received successfully. a. +CC

b. 266 c. 261

06: Stream (ontrol Transmission Protocol %S(TP& is a new _____________protocol. a. reliable8 characteroriented

b. reliable@ message-oriented c. unreliable8 messageoriented d. none of the above

01: S(TP allows __________ service in each association. a. single stream

b. multistream c. double stream d. none of the above

02: S(TP association allows _____________ for each end. a. only one 7P address

b. multiple IP addresses c. only two 7P address d. none of the above

0!: 7n S(TP8 a data chun$ is numbered using ________. a. a SN

b. an S7 c. an SS9

0+: To distinguish between different streams8 S(TP uses ___________. a. a TS9

b. an SI c. an SS9

0-: To distinguish between different data chun$s belonging to the same stream8 S(TP uses ___________.

a. TS9s b. S7s c. SSNs

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a. pac$etsB segments b. segments1 pac)ets c. segmentsB frames d. none of the above

0: The control information in S(TP is included in the ________. a. header control field

b. control c$un)s c. data chun$s

04: An S(TP pac$et can carry __________. a. only one data chun$

b. se%eral data c$un)s c. no data chun$s

05: 7n S(TP8 the ac$nowledgment number and window si,e are part of each ________. a. data chun$

b. control c$un) c. a or b

6: There is no need for a header length field in S(TP because ________________. a. there are no options in the general header

b. the si,e of the header is fi3ed c. bot$ a and b

1: The chec$sum in S(TP is ________ bits. a. 10

b. 3, c. 0+

2: The association identifier in S(TP is __________________. a. a uni6ue %erification tag

b. a combination of logical and port addresses c. either a or b

!: 7n S(TP8 control information and data information are carried in _______ chun$s. a. the same chun$

(30)

b. different c$un)s c. either a or b

+: 7n S(TP8 ac$nowledgment numbers are used to ac$nowledge _____________. a. both data chun$s and control chun$s

b. only control chun$s c. only data c$un)s d. none of the above

-: 7n an S(TP pac$et8 control chun$s come ___________ data chun$s. a. after

b. before c. a or b

0: 7n S(TP8 ___________ can be carried in a pac$et that carries an 797T chun$. a. only data chun$s

b. only control chun$s c. no ot$er c$un) d. none of the above

: A connection in S(TP is called an ____________. a. negotiation

b. association c. transmission d. none of the above

"2APER ,=

1: 7n ________ we try to avoid traffic congestion. a. congestion control

b. #uality of service c. either %a& or %b& d. both %a& and %b&

2: 7n _________8 we try to create an appropriate environment for the traffic. a. congestion control

b. 6uality of ser%ice c. either %a& or %b& d. both %a& and %b&

(31)

a. , b. 1 c. 6

2: Cow many carrier fre#uencies are used in 'PSD/ a. 2

b. + c. 6

24: Cow many carrier fre#uencies are used in JPSD/ a. ,

b. 1 c. 6

25: The constellation diagram of 'ASD has ______ dots. a. ,

b. 1 c. 6

!6: The constellation diagram of 'PSD has ______ dots. a. ,

b. 1 c. 6

!1: The constellation diagram of JPSD has ______ dots. a. 2

b. 1 c. =

!2: The constellation diagram of 10JA has ______ dots. a. +

b. +0 c. 4

!!: The "ederal (ommunications (ommission %"((& allows ______$C, for each A station. a.

(32)

-!: Traffic ______ are #ualitative values that represent a data flow. a. controls

b. descriptors c. values

+: The _______ defines the ma3imum data rate of the traffic. a. pea) data rate

b. ma3imum burst si,e c. effective bandwidth d. none of the above

-: The________ normally refers to the ma3imum length of time the traffic is generated at the pea$ rate. a. pea$ data rate

b. maximum burst si5e c. effective bandwidth d. none of the above

0: The ________ is a function of three values: average data rate8 pea$ data rate8 and ma3imum burst si,e.

a. pea$ data rate

b. ma3imum burst si,e c. effecti%e band(idt$ d. none of the above

: A _________ traffic model has a data rate that does not change. a. constant bit rate

b. variable bit rate c. bursty

4: 7n the ________ traffic model8 the rate of the data flow changes in time8 with the changes smooth instead of sudden and sharp.

a. constant bit rate b. %ariable bit rate c. bursty

(33)

5: 7n the ______ traffic model8 the data rate changes suddenly in a very short time. a. constant bit rate

b. variable bit rate c. bursty

16: _______ happens in any system that involves waiting. a. "ongestion

b. Namming c. rror

11: (ongestion in a networ$ or internetwor$ occurs because routers and switches have _______. a. tables

b. 6ueues c. crosspoints

12: 7n a networ$8 when the load is much less than the capacity of the networ$8 the delay is _________. a. at a ma3imum

b. at a minimum c. constant

1!: 7n a networ$8 when the load reaches the networ$ capacity8 the delay _______. a. increases s$arply

b. decreases sharply c. remains constant d. cannot be predicted

1+: 7n a networ$8 when the load is below the capacity of the networ$8 the throughput ______________. a. increases sharply

b. increases proportionally (it$ t$e load c. declines sharply

d. declines proportionally with the load

1-: 7n a networ$8 after the load reaches the capacity8 throughput _______. a. increases sharply

(34)

c. declines s$arply

d. declines proportionally with the load

10: 7n ________ congestion control8 policies are applied to prevent congestion before it happens. a. open-loop

b. closedloop c. either %a& or %b& d. neither %a& nor %b&

1: 7n _______ congestion control8 mechanisms are used to alleviate congestion after it happens. a. openloop

b. closed-loop c. either %a& or %b& d. neither %a& nor %b&

14: The techni#ue of ________refers to a congestion control mechanism in which a congested node stops receiving data from the immediate upstream node or nodes.

a. bac)pressure b. cho$e pac$et c. implicit signaling d. e3plicit signaling

15: A ___________ is a pac$et sent by a node to the source to inform it of congestion. a. bac$pressure

b. c$o)e pac)et c. implicit signaling d. e3plicit signaling

26: 7n __________8 there is no communication between the congested node or nodes and the source. The source guesses that there is a congestion somewhere in the networ$ from other symptoms.

a. bac$pressure b. cho$e pac$et c. implicit signaling d. e3plicit signaling

21: 7n the __________ method8 the signal is included in the pac$ets that carry data. a. bac$pressure

b. cho$e pac$et c. implicit signaling d. explicit signaling

(35)

22: 7n the ________ algorithm of T(P8 the si,e of the congestion window increases e3ponentially until it reaches a threshold.

a. slo(-start

b. congestion avoidance c. congestion detection d. none of the above

2!: 7n the _________ algorithm of T(P8 the si,e of the congestion window increases additively until congestion is detected.

a. slowstart

b. congestion a%oidance c. congestion detection d. none of the above

2+: 7n the ___________ algorithm of T(P8 the si,e of the threshold is dropped to onehalf8 a multiplicative decrease.

a. slowstart

b. congestion avoidance c. congestion detection d. none of the above

2-: 7n "rame )elay8 the ________ bit warns the sender of congestion in the networ$. a. BE"N

b. "(9

c. either %a& or %b& d. neither %a& nor %b&

20: 7n "rame )elay8 the ________ bit is used to warn the receiver of congestion in the networ$. a. '(9

b. !E"N

2: Traditionally8 ________types of characteristics are attributed to a flow. a. two

b. three c. four d. five

24: _________ is a characteristic that a flow needs. >ac$ of it means losing a pac$et or ac$nowledgment8 which entails retransmission.

a. Reliability b. *elay

(36)

c. Nitter d. 'andwidth

25: _______ is a flow characteristic that applications can tolerate in different degrees. a. )eliability

b. /elay c. Nitter d. 'andwidth

!6: ________ is the variation in delay for pac$ets belonging to the same flow. a. )eliability

b. *elay c. Litter d. 'andwidth

!1: 7n ________8 #ueuing pac$ets wait in a buffer %#ueue& until the node %router or switch& is ready to process them.

a. !I!* b. priority

c. weighted fair d. none of the above

!2: 7n ________ #ueuing8 pac$ets are first assigned to a priority class. ach class has its own #ueue. a. "7"<

b. priority c. weighted fair d. none of the above

!!: 7n _________ #ueuing8 the pac$ets are assigned to different classes and admitted to different

#ueues. The #ueues8 however8 are weighted based on the priority of the #ueuesB higher priority means a higher weight. The system processes pac$ets in each #ueue in a roundrobin fashion with the number of pac$ets selected from each #ueue based on the corresponding weight.

a. "7"< b. priority

c. (eig$ted fair d. none of the above

!+: 7n the ______ buc$et algorithm8 bursty chun$s are stored in the buc$et and sent out at an average rate.

(37)

a. lea)y b. to$en

!-: The _______ buc$et algorithm allows idle hosts to accumulate credit for the future in the form of to$ens.

a. lea$y b. to)en

!0: 7n _________8 when a source ma$es a reservation8 it needs to define a flow specification. a. Integrated Ser%ices

b. *ifferentiated Services c. (onnectionless

d. (onnection<riented

!: _________ is a classbased JoS model designed for 7P. a. 7ntegrated Services

b. /ifferentiated Ser%ices c. (onnectionless

d. (onnection<riented

!4: 7n "rame )elay8 the user can never e3ceed the_________. a. access rate

b. committed burst si,e

c. committed information rate d. e3cess burst si,e

!5: 7n "rame )elay8 a ___________ is the ma3imum number of bits in a predefined time that the networ$ is committed to transfer without discarding any frame or setting the * bit.

a. access rate

b. committed burst si5e c. committed information rate d. e3cess burst si,e

+6: 7n "rame )elay8 the _____________ defines an average rate in bits per second. a. access rate

c. committed information rate d. e3cess burst si,e

(38)

send during a predefined time. a. access rate

c. committed information rate d. excess burst si5e

+2: 7n AT8 the _________ class is designed for customers who need realtime audio or video services. The service is similar to that provided by a dedicated line such as a T line.

a. "BR b. G') c. A') d. ;')

+!: 7n AT8 the _________ class is divided into two subclasses: realtime %G'))T& and nonrealtime %G')9)T&. G'))T is designed for those users who need realtime services %such as voice and video transmission& and use compression techni#ues to create a variable bit rate. G')9)T is designed for those users who do not need realtime services but use compression techni#ues to create a variable bit rate.

a. (') b. BR c. A') d. ;')

++: 7n AT8 the _________ class delivers cells at a minimum rate. 7f more networ$ capacity is available8 this minimum rate can be e3ceeded.

a. (') b. G') c. ABR d. ;')

+-: 7n AT8 the _________ class is a besteffort delivery service that does not guarantee anything. a. (')

b. G') c. A') d. BR

"2APER ,7

1: 7n a _______ name space8 a name is assigned to an address. A name in this space is a se#uence of characters without structure.

a. flat

b. hierarchical c. organi,ed

(39)

2: 7n a _________name space8 each name is made of several parts. a. flat

b. $ierarc$ical c. organi,ed

!: To have a hierarchical name space8 a ______________ was designed. a. domain space

b. domain name

c. domain name space

+: 7n the *9S8 the names are defined in ___________ structure. a. a linear list

b. an in%erted-tree c. a graph

-: ach node in the tree has a _______8 which is a string with a ma3imum of ___ characters. a. labelB 12

b. nameB 2--c. label1 03

0: The root of the *9S tree is _______. a. a string of characters

b. a string of 0! characters c. an empty string

: A full domain name is a se#uence of labels separated by ________. a. semicolons

b. dots c. colons

4: 7f a label is terminated by a null string8 it is called a __________. a. PJ*9

b. !/N c. SJ*9

(40)

5: 7f a label is not terminated by a null string8 it is called a __________. a. P/N

b. "J*9 c. SJ*9

16: A _________ is a subtree of the domain name space. a. label

b. name c. domain

11: hat a server is responsible for or has authority over is called a _________. a. domain

b. label c. 5one

12: A _______ is a server whose ,one consists of the whole tree. a. domain server

b. ,one server c. root ser%er d. none of the above

1!: A ________ server loads all information from the dis$ file. a. primary

b. secondary c. ,one

1+: A ________ server loads all information from the primary server. a. primary

b. secondary c. ,one

1-: hen the secondary downloads information from the primary8 it is called ______ transfer. a. domain

b. 5one c. label

(41)

10: 7n the 7nternet8 the domain name space %tree& is divided into _______ different sections: a. t$ree

b. two c. four

1: The _______ domains define registered hosts according to their generic behavior. a. generic

b. country c. inverse

14: The first level in the generic domains section allows ______ possible labels. a. 16

b. 12 c. 10

15: The ____________ domain section uses twocharacter country abbreviations. a. generic

b. country c. inverse

26: The _________ domain is used to map an address to a name. a. generic

b. country c. in%erse

21: 7n __________ resolution8 the resolver e3pects the server to supply the final answer. a. iterative

b. recursi%e c. straight

22: 7n __________ resolution8 the server returns the 7P address of the server that it thin$s can resolve the #uery.

a. iterati%e b. recursive c. straight

(42)

2!: 7n the domain name EiF chal.atc.fhda.edu E@iF8 _______ is the least specific label. a. chal

b. atc c. edu

2+: 7n the domain name EiF chal.atc.fhda.edu E@iF8 _______ is the most specific label. a. c$al

b. atc c. fhda

2-: A host with the domain name EiF pit.arc.nasa.gov E@iF. is on the _______ level of the *9S hierarchical tree. %The root is level one.&

a. third b. fourth c. fift$

20: A pointer #uery involves the _______ domain. a. in%erse

b. reverse c. root

2: *9S can use the services of ________ using the well$nown port -!. a. ;*P

b. T(P

c. eit$er ;a< or ;b< d. none of the above

"2APER ,0

1: T>9T is an abbreviation for ____________. a. terminal net(or)

b. telephone networ$

c. telecommunication networ$ d. none of the above

(43)

2: T>9T is a ________ clientserver application program. a. specificpurpose

b. general-purpose c. both a and b d. none of the above

!: hen a user logs into a local timesharing system8 it is called ________ login. a. local

b. remote c. temporary

+: hen a user wants to access an application program or utility located on a remote machine8 he or she performs ___________ login.

a. local b. remote c. temporary

-: 9GT uses two sets of characters8 one for _____and one for __________. a. sendingB receiving

b. re#uestB reply c. data1 control d. none of the above

0: "or data8 9GT uses ;S AS(77 characters with the highest order bit set to ______. a. 1

b. > c. a or b

: "or control8 9GT uses ;S AS(77 characters with the highest order bit set to ______. a. +

b. 6 c. a or b

4: T>9T uses only one T(P connection. The server uses ________ port and the client uses ________ port.

a. a well$nownB another well$nown b. an ephemeralB another ephemeral c. a (ell-)no(n1 an ep$emeral d. none of the above

(44)

5: To distinguish data from control characters8 each se#uence of control characters is preceded by a special control character called ________.

a. 7(A b. IA" c. A7(

16: 7n the _______ mode8 the echoing is done by the client. a. default

b. character c. line

11: 7n the _______ mode8 each character typed is sent by the client to the server. a. default

b. c$aracter c. line

12: 7n the ____ mode8 line editing %echoing8 character erasing8 line erasing8 and so on& is done by the client.

a. default b. character c. line

1!: The _______ is software residing on the remote system that allows the remote system to receive characters from a T>9T server.

a. terminal driver

b. pseudoterminal dri%er c. T>9T client

1+: The _______ translates local characters into 9GT form. a. terminal driver

b. E&NE client c. T>9T server d. none of the above

(45)

a. terminal driver b. T>9T client c. E&NE ser%er d. none of the above

10: 7f the sender wants to disable an option8 it sends a _______ command. a. 7>>

b. *< c. '*N

1: 7f the sender wants to enable an option8 it sends a _______ command. a. 'I&&

b. *< c. <9T

14: 7f the sender wants an option disabled by the receiver8 it sends a _______ command. a. 7>>

b. *< c. /*N

15: 7f the sender wants an option enabled by the receiver8 it sends a _______ command. a. 7>>

b. /* c. <9T

26: _______ is the standard mechanism provided by T(P@7P for copying a file from one host to another. a. T>9T

b. STP c. T"TP

21: "TP uses the services of ________. a. ;*P

b. 7P c. "P

22: 7n "TP8 the well$nown port ____ is used for the control connection and the well$nown port ________ for the data connection.

(46)

a. G*S> b. A*S> c. S/S& d. %a& and %b&

-: *T is a modulation techni#ue that combines elements of _______ and _______. a. "*B T*

b. J*B JA c. !/M1 AM d. PSDB "SD

0: The largest portion of the bandwidth for A*S> carries _______. a. voice communication

b. upstream data c. do(nstream data d. control data

: _______ was designed as an alternative to the T1 line. a. G*S>

b. A*S> c. S*S> d. 2/S&

4: C*S> encodes data using _______. a. +'@-'

b. ,B+ c. 1'2J d. 0'@4T

5: Another name for the cable TG office is the _______. a. splitter

b. fiber node c. combiner d. $ead end

16: A traditional cable TG networ$ transmits signals ______. a. upstream

(47)

b. data structure c. transmission mode d. none of the above

!6: 7n "TP8 when we _______8 it is copied from the server to the client. a. retrieve a file

b. retrieve a list c. a and c

!1: 7n "TP8 when we _______8 it is copied from the client to the server. a. retrieve a file

b. store a file c. retrieve a list d. none of the above

!2: ________ is part of a local hard drive8 a special file with permission restrictions. a. A message

b. A response c. An agent

d. None of t$e abo%e

!!: hen the sender and the receiver of an email are on the same system8 we need only ___________. a. one ;A

b. t(o As

c. one ;A and one TA d. none of the above

!+: hen the sender and the receiver of an email are on different systems8 we need only _____________.

a. one TA b. two ;As

c. t(o As and one pair of MAs d. none of the above

!-: hen the sender is connected to the mail server via a >A9 or a A98 we need ______________. a. two TA

b. t(o As and t(o pairs of MAs c. two ;As and a pair of TAs

(48)

1: The ;nited States is divided into many _______. a. >(s

b. &AAs c. 7=(s

14: The carrier that handles intra>ATA services is called a%n& _____ . a. P<P

b. 7=( c. &E"

15: The carrier that handles inter>ATA services is called a%n& _______. a. P<P

b. ID" c. >(

26: 7n ______signaling8 the same circuit is used for both signaling and data. a. in-band

b. outofband c. mi3ed

21: 7n ________signaling8 a portion of the bandwidth is used for signaling and another portion for data. a. inband

b. out-of-band c. mi3ed

22: The protocol that is used for signaling in the telephone networ$ is called ______. a. P<P

b. SSS c. SS8

(49)

!0: hen both sender and receiver are connected to a mail server via a >A9 or a A98 we need ___________________.

a. t(o As@ t(o pairs of MAs@ and a pair of MAAs b. two ;As8 and two pairs of TAs

c. two ;As8 two pairs of TAs8 and two pairs of AAs d. none of the above

!: ________ provides service to the user to ma$e the process of sending and receiving a message easier.

a. An TA b. An AA c. A A

!4: hich of the following services is not provided by a ;A/ a. composing messages

b. reading messages c. replying messages d. all are

!5: There are two types of user agents: _________ and ___________. a. commanddrivenB datadriven

b. command-dri%en1 HI-based c. commandbased and databased d. none of the above

+6: The ________ usually contains the sender address8 the receiver address8 and other information. a. message

b. en%elope c. both a and b d. none of the above

+1: The message contains the ________ and the __________. a. headerB envelop

b. $eader1 body c. envelopB body d. none of the above

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a. local part1 domain name b. global partB domain name c. labelB domain name

+!: _________ is a supplementary protocol that allows nonAS(77 data to be sent through email. a. NP

b. P c. MIME

++: The actual mail transfer is done through ____________. a. ;As

b. MAs c. AAs

+-: The formal protocol that defines the TA client and server in the 7nternet is called ___________. a. SMP

b. S9P c. T>9T

+0: The process of transferring a mail message occurs in ________ phases. a. two

b. four c. five

+: STP is a __________protocol. a. pull

b. pus$

+4: The third stage in an email transfer needs a ________ protocol. a. pull

b. push

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+5: The third stage in an email transfer uses a%n& ________ protocol. a. ;A

b. TA c. MAA

-6: (urrently two message access protocols are available: _______ and _________. a. P<P!B 7AP2

b. P<P+B 7AP1 c. P*P31 IMAP= d. none of the above

-1: hich part of the mail created by the ;A contains the sender and receiver names/ a. envelope

b. address c. $eader

-2: The 7 _______ header uses te3t to describe the type of data in the body of the message. a. contenttype

b. contenttransferencoding c. content-description d. none of the above

-!: _______ is more powerful and comple3 than _______. a. P<P!B 7AP+

b. IMAP=1 P*P3 c. STPB P<P! d. none of the above

"2APER ,8

1: _________ is a repository of information lin$ed together from points all over the world. a. $e '''

b. CTTP c. CT>

2: The  today is a _______ clientserver service8 in which a client using a browser can access a service using a server.

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b. vast

c. distributed

!: The _________ is a standard for specifying any $ind of information on the 7nternet. a. R&

b. ;>) c. )>;

+: 7n a ;)>8 the _______ is the clientserver program used to retrieve the document. a. path

b. protocol c. host

-: 7n a ;)>8 the ______ is the computer on which the information is located. a. path

b. protocol c. $ost

0: 7n a ;)>8 an optional ________ can be inserted between the host and the path8 and it is separated from the host by a colon.

a. path b. protocol c. host

: 7n a ;)>8 the _______ is the full name of the file where the information is located. a. pat$

b. protocol c. host

4: A coo$ie is made by the ________ and eaten by the _________. a. clientB client

b. clientB server c. ser%er1 ser%er d. none of the above

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5: The documents in the  can be grouped into ______ broad categories. a. two

b. t$ree c. four

16: A _______ document is a fi3edcontent document that is created and stored in a server. The client can get a copy of the document only.

a. static b. dynamic c. active

11: _____________ is a language for creating eb pages. a. CTTP

b. 2M& c. "TTP

12: A _______ document is created by a eb server whenever a browser re#uests the document. a. static

b. dynamic c. active

1!: ___________ is a technology that creates and handles dynamic documents. a. 7(

b. "HI c. (7

1+: *ynamic documents are sometimes referred to as _________ dynamic documents. a. clientsite

b. ser%er-site c. both a and b d. none of the above

1-: "or many applications8 we need a program or a script to be run at the client site. These are called _______________ documents.

a. static b. dynamic c. acti%e

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10: <ne way to create an active document is to use __________. a. (7

b. Nava standalone programs c. La%a applets

1: Active documents are sometimes referred to as _________ dynamic documents. a. client-site

b. serversite c. both a and b d. none of the above

14: CTTP uses the services of _________ on well$nown port 46. a. ;*P

b. 7P c. "P

15: 7n CTTP8 the first line in a re#uest message is called a _______ lineB the first line in the response message is called the ________ line.

a. re#uestB response b. responseB re#uest c. responseB status d. none of t$e abo%e

26: 7n a ___________ connection8 one T(P connection is made for each re#uest@response. a. persistent

b. nonpersistent c. both a and b d. none of the above

21: 7n a ___________connection8 the server leaves the connection open for more re#uests after sending a response.

a. persistent b. nonpersistent c. both a and b d. none of the above

22: CTTP version 1.1 specifies a _________connection by default. a. persistent

b. nonpersistent c. both a and b d. none of the above

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2!: 7n CTTP8 a _______ server is a computer that $eeps copies of responses to recent re#uests. a. regular

b. proxy

2+: An CTTP re#uest message always contains _______. a. a header and a body

b. a re6uest line and a $eader c. a status line8 a header8 and a body d. none of the above

2-: hich of the following is present in both an CTTP re#uest line and a status line/ a. 2P %ersion number

b. ;)>

c. status code

20: The CTTP re#uest line contains a _______ method to re#uest a document from the server. a. HE

b. P<ST c. (<PM

2: A user needs to send the server some information. The re#uest line method is _______. a. <PT7<9

b. PAT(C c. P*S

24: The CTTP re#uest line contains a _______ method to get information about a document without retrieving the document itself.

a. 2EA/ b. P<ST c. (<PM

25: A response message always contains _______. a. a header and a body

b. a re#uest line and a header c. a status line and a $eader d. none of the above

!6: An applet is _______ document application program. a. a static

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b. an acti%e c. a passive d. a dynamic

"2APER ,

1: S9P defines the ___________________ to be sent from a manager to an agent and vice versa. a. format of t$e pac)ets

b. encoding of the pac$ets c. number of pac$ets d. none of the above

2: A manager is a host that runs the S9P _______ process. a. client

b. server c. both a and b d. none of the above

!: An agent is a host or computer that runs the S9P _______ process. a. client

b. ser%er c. both a and b d. none of the above

+: S9P uses two other protocols:________ and _________. a. 7'B STP

b. SMI1 MIB c. "TPB S7

-: ________ defines the general rules for naming obKects8 defining obKect types8 and showing how to encode obKects and values.

a. 7' b. ') c. SMI

0: e can compare the tas$ of networ$ management to the tas$ of writing a program. 'oth tas$s need rules. 7n networ$ management this is handled by ___________.

(57)

b. 7' c. SMI

: e can compare the tas$ of networ$ management to the tas$ of writing a program. 'oth tas$s need variable declarations. 7n networ$ management this is handled by _________.

a. S9P b. MIB c. S7

4: e can compare the tas$ of networ$ management to the tas$ of writing a program. 'oth tas$s have actions performed by statements. 7n networ$ management this is handled by _______.

a. SMNP b. 7' c. S7

5: S7 emphasi,es three attributes to handle an obKect: _____8 ________8 and _________. a. nameB data typeB si,e

b. nameB si,eB encoding method

c. name1 data type1 encoding met$od d. none of the above

16: To name obKects globally8 S7 uses an obKect identifier8 which is a hierarchical identifier based on a _______ structure

a. linear b. tree c. graph

11: All obKects managed by S9P are given an obKect identifier. The obKect identifier always starts with _______.

a. +.3.0.+.,.+ b. 1.!.0.1.2.2 c. 1.!.0.1.2.!

12: To define the data type8 S7 uses fundamental _______ definitions and adds some new definitions. a. AS.1

b. ASN.+ c. AS9.2

(58)

1!: S7 has two broad categories of data type: _______ and _______. a. simpleB comple3

b. simple1 structured c. structuredB unstructured d. none of the above

1+: The _______ data types are atomic data types. a. structure

b. simple c. both a and b d. none of the above

1-: S7 defines two structured data types: ________ and _________. a. se#uenceB atomic

b. se6uence1 se6uence of c. a se#uence ofB array

10: S7 uses another standard8 ___________8 to encode data to be transmitted over the networ$. a. 7'

b. A9S.1 c. BER

1: The _________ ordering enables a manager to access a set of variables one after another by defining the first variable.

a. lexicograp$ic b. linear

c. nonlinear

14: The et)e#uest P*; is sent from the _______ to the __________ to retrieve the value of a variable or a set of variables.

a. client1 ser%er b. serverB client c. serverB networ$ d. none of the above

(59)

15: The )esponse P*; is sent from the ______ to the ______ in response to et)e#uest or et9e3t)e#uest.

a. ser%er1 client b. clientB server c. networ$B host d. none of the above

26: The Trap P*; is sent from the ______ to the _______ to report an event. a. ser%er1 client

b. clientB server c. networ$B host d. none of the above

21: S9P uses the services of ;*P on two well$nown ports8 _______ and _______. a. +0+1 +0,

b. 106B 101 c. 106B 102

22: _______ runs the S9P client programB _______ runs the S9P server program. a. A managerB a manager

b. An agentB an agent c. A manager1 an agent d. An agentB a manager

2!: 79T)8 <(TT ST)798 and <bKect7dentifier are _______ definitions used by S7. a. 7'

b. S9P c. ASN.+

2+: hich of the following could be a legitimate 7' obKect identifier/ a. +.3.0.+.,.+.+

b. 1.!.0.1.2.2.1 c. 2.!.0.1.2.1.2

d. none of the above 2-: hich is a manager duty/

a. )etrieve the value of an obKect defined in an agent. b. Store the value of an obKect defined in an agent.

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c. Selecti%e-Repeat AR d. none of the above

25: 'oth o'ac$EiF9E@iF and Selective)epeat Protocols use a _________. a. sliding frame

b. sliding (indo( c. sliding pac$et d. none of the above

!6: 7n o'ac$EiF9E@iF A)J8 if - is the number of bits for the se#uence number8 then the ma3imum si,e of the send window must be _____

a. 1-b. 10 c. 3+ d. 1

!1: 7n o'ac$9 A)J8 if - is the number of bits for the se#uence number8 then the ma3imum si,e of the receive window must be _____

a. 1-b. 10 c. !1 d. +

!2: 7n Selective )epeat A)J8 if - is the number of bits for the se#uence number8 then the ma3imum si,e of the send window must be _____

a. 1-b. +0 c. !1 d. 1

!!: 7n Selective )epeat A)J8 if - is the number of bits for the se#uence number8 then the ma3imum si,e of the receive window must be _____

a. 1-b. +0 c. !1 d. 1

!+: Cighlevel *ata >in$ (ontrol %C*>(& is a _______ protocol for communication over pointtopoint and multipoint lin$s.