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(1)SCM220 Demand Planning SAP SCM. Date Training Center Instructors. Education Website. Participant Handbook Course Version: 95 Course Duration: 3 Day(s) Material Number: 50100010. An SAP course - use it to learn, reference it for work.

(2) Copyright Copyright © 2010 SAP AG. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or for any purpose without the express permission of SAP AG. The information contained herein may be changed without prior notice. Some software products marketed by SAP AG and its distributors contain proprietary software components of other software vendors.. Trademarks •. Microsoft®, WINDOWS®, NT®, EXCEL®, Word®, PowerPoint® and SQL Server® are registered trademarks of Microsoft Corporation.. •. IBM®, DB2®, OS/2®, DB2/6000®, Parallel Sysplex®, MVS/ESA®, RS/6000®, AIX®, S/390®, AS/400®, OS/390®, and OS/400® are registered trademarks of IBM Corporation.. •. ORACLE® is a registered trademark of ORACLE Corporation.. •. INFORMIX®-OnLine for SAP and INFORMIX® Dynamic ServerTM are registered trademarks of Informix Software Incorporated.. •. UNIX®, X/Open®, OSF/1®, and Motif® are registered trademarks of the Open Group.. •. Citrix®, the Citrix logo, ICA®, Program Neighborhood®, MetaFrame®, WinFrame®, VideoFrame®, MultiWin® and other Citrix product names referenced herein are trademarks of Citrix Systems, Inc.. •. HTML, DHTML, XML, XHTML are trademarks or registered trademarks of W3C®, World Wide Web Consortium, Massachusetts Institute of Technology.. •. JAVA® is a registered trademark of Sun Microsystems, Inc.. •. JAVASCRIPT® is a registered trademark of Sun Microsystems, Inc., used under license for technology invented and implemented by Netscape.. •. SAP, SAP Logo, R/2, RIVA, R/3, SAP ArchiveLink, SAP Business Workflow, WebFlow, SAP EarlyWatch, BAPI, SAPPHIRE, Management Cockpit, mySAP.com Logo and mySAP.com are trademarks or registered trademarks of SAP AG in Germany and in several other countries all over the world. All other products mentioned are trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective companies.. Disclaimer THESE MATERIALS ARE PROVIDED BY SAP ON AN "AS IS" BASIS, AND SAP EXPRESSLY DISCLAIMS ANY AND ALL WARRANTIES, EXPRESS OR APPLIED, INCLUDING WITHOUT LIMITATION WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE, WITH RESPECT TO THESE MATERIALS AND THE SERVICE, INFORMATION, TEXT, GRAPHICS, LINKS, OR ANY OTHER MATERIALS AND PRODUCTS CONTAINED HEREIN. IN NO EVENT SHALL SAP BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL, CONSEQUENTIAL, OR PUNITIVE DAMAGES OF ANY KIND WHATSOEVER, INCLUDING WITHOUT LIMITATION LOST REVENUES OR LOST PROFITS, WHICH MAY RESULT FROM THE USE OF THESE MATERIALS OR INCLUDED SOFTWARE COMPONENTS.. g20108232656.

(3) About This Handbook This handbook is intended to complement the instructor-led presentation of this course, and serve as a source of reference. It is not suitable for self-study.. Typographic Conventions American English is the standard used in this handbook. The following typographic conventions are also used. Type Style. Description. Example text. Words or characters that appear on the screen. These include field names, screen titles, pushbuttons as well as menu names, paths, and options. Also used for cross-references to other documentation both internal and external.. 2009. Example text. Emphasized words or phrases in body text, titles of graphics, and tables. EXAMPLE TEXT. Names of elements in the system. These include report names, program names, transaction codes, table names, and individual key words of a programming language, when surrounded by body text, for example SELECT and INCLUDE.. Example text. Screen output. This includes file and directory names and their paths, messages, names of variables and parameters, and passages of the source text of a program.. Example text. Exact user entry. These are words and characters that you enter in the system exactly as they appear in the documentation.. <Example text>. Variable user entry. Pointed brackets indicate that you replace these words and characters with appropriate entries.. © 2010 SAP AG. All rights reserved.. iii.

(4) About This Handbook. SCM220. Icons in Body Text The following icons are used in this handbook. Icon. Meaning For more information, tips, or background. Note or further explanation of previous point Exception or caution Procedures. Indicates that the item is displayed in the instructor's presentation.. iv. © 2010 SAP AG. All rights reserved.. 2009.

(5) Contents Course Overview ......................................................... vii Course Goals ...........................................................vii Course Objectives .....................................................vii. Unit 1: Supply Chain Management: An Overview .................. 1 Supply Chain Management with SAP SCM .........................2. Unit 2: Interactive Planning............................................ 25 Navigation in the Interactive Planning Table ...................... 27 Analyzing Data in the Interactive Planning Table ................. 46 Additional Features of the Interactive Planning Table............ 70 Collaborative Planning (Optional)................................... 87. Unit 3: Forecasting ..................................................... 101 Executing a Univariate Forecast ...................................103 Determining the Best Forecast Method ...........................125 Causal Analysis - Multiple Linear Regression ...................143 Composite Forecasting..............................................151 Reconciling Demand Plans (Optional) ............................159. Unit 4: Lifecycle Planning............................................. 175 Realignment ..........................................................176 Lifecycle Planning....................................................188. Unit 5: Promotion Planning........................................... 203 Promotion Planning..................................................204. Unit 6: Mass Processing .............................................. 229 Mass Processing .....................................................230. Unit 7: The Internal Business Warehouse......................... 265 The Internal SAP SCM Business Warehouse....................266. Unit 8: Demand Planning Configuration........................... 291 Planning Object Structure...........................................293 Characteristic Value Combinations ................................303 Planning Areas .......................................................312 Proportional Factors .................................................338. 2009. © 2010 SAP AG. All rights reserved.. v.

(6) Contents. SCM220. Unit 9: Planning Books and Data Views ........................... 347 Creating Planning Books and Data views ........................348 Macros.................................................................371. Unit 10: Demand Planning Summary............................... 397 Planning Summary...................................................398. Appendix 1: Integrated campaign/promotion planning with SAP SCM & CRM ........................................................... 421 Index ....................................................................... 425. vi. © 2010 SAP AG. All rights reserved.. 2009.

(7) Course Overview This course will help you configure Demand Planning in SAP SCM. You will also learn to create planning books, macros, and demand plans using univariate forecasting, causal analysis, and composite forecasting. You will also use marketing and sales tools, such as promotion planning, lifecycle planning, and “like” modeling. Finally, you will learn how to release demand plans to the SAP SCM liveCache for Supply Network Planning and Production Planning/Detailed Scheduling.. Target Audience This course is intended for the following audiences: •. Project team members responsible for configuring Demand Planning and creating demand plans. Course Prerequisites Required Knowledge •. Course: SCM200 Supply Chain Planning Overview. Recommended Knowledge •. BW310 Business Information Warehouse – Data Warehousing. Course Goals This course will prepare you to: • • • • • •. Configure Demand Planning in SCM Understand the concept of Demand Planning with SCM Use the forecast tools Execute Demand Planning Use marketing and distribution tools Release plans to the Production Planning. Course Objectives After completing this course, you will be able to: • •. 2009. Configure Demand Planning in SCM Create planning books and macros. © 2010 SAP AG. All rights reserved.. vii.

(8) Course Overview. SCM220. •. Create demand plans using univariate forecasting, causal analysis, and composite forecasting Use marketing and sales tools, such as promotion planning, lifecycle planning, and "like" modeling Release demand plans to Supply Network Planning and Production Planning / Fine Planning. • •. viii. © 2010 SAP AG. All rights reserved.. 2009.

(9) Unit 1 Supply Chain Management: An Overview Unit Overview The unit provides an overview of Demand Planning in SAP SCM. The focus of the unit is planning books, macros, and demand plans using univariate forecasting, causal analysis, and composite forecasting. The unit also describes how to use marketing and sales tools, such as promotion planning, lifecycle planning, and “like” modeling. To conclude, the lesson describes how demand plans are released to Supply Network Planning and Production Planning / Fine Planning.. Unit Objectives After completing this unit, you will be able to: • • • • • •. Get an overview of Supply Chain Planning with SAP SCM Describe the process of SCM Demand Planning (DP) Explain the concept of Demand Planning Explain the functions of Demand Planning Describe the techniques used for forecasting Explain the result of Demand Planning. Unit Contents Lesson: Supply Chain Management with SAP SCM ..........................2. 2009. © 2010 SAP AG. All rights reserved.. 1.

(10) Unit 1: Supply Chain Management: An Overview. SCM220. Lesson: Supply Chain Management with SAP SCM Lesson Overview This lesson will help you understand the concept of Supply Chain Planning with SAP SCM. Next, you will learn about the process of SCM Demand Planning. You will also be able to understand the concept of Demand Planning, its functions and further uses for demand plans. Finally, you will learn about the different techniques used for forecasting.. Lesson Objectives After completing this lesson, you will be able to: • • • • • •. Get an overview of Supply Chain Planning with SAP SCM Describe the process of SCM Demand Planning (DP) Explain the concept of Demand Planning Explain the functions of Demand Planning Describe the techniques used for forecasting Explain the result of Demand Planning. Business Example The Precision Pump company consists of a number of independent business units located in different parts of the world. Each unit is headed by a business unit head and operates as an independent entity under the common parent company. The company wants to implement the Demand Planning component of SAP SCM to forecast the market demand for their finished products. As the planning manager, you need to ensure all the planning data from different data sources to SAP SCM is available to implement the demand plan. You also need to analyze the planning result for various scenarios for planning optimization.. 2. © 2010 SAP AG. All rights reserved.. 2009.

(11) SCM220. Lesson: Supply Chain Management with SAP SCM. Overview of Supply Chain Planning. Figure 1: Supply Chain Planning at a Glance. The process of Supply Chain Planning can be divided into many steps, which are executed by various components in SAP ERP Central Component (SAP ECC) (previously SAP R/3) and/or SAP SCM. It is possible and advisable to integrate these two systems and use both for planning. The SCM Core Interface (CIF) is used for this system integration. Demand Planning, where past sales figures can be used to derive a future program of production, can be executed both within Flexible Planning in SAP R/3 Enterprise using Standard Sales and Operations Planning, or within Demand Planning in SAP SCM. Planned independent requirements can be created from SAP ECC Demand Management or SAP APO Demand Planning. You can also use Demand Planning mass processing to set the sales quantities from SCM Demand Planning as planned independent requirements in ECC Demand Management. Sales orders are entered in the SAP ECC system. A global available-to-promise check (Global ATP) for a sales order can be made in SCM (integration with Production Planning/Demand Scheduling is also possible). Supply Network Planning in SAP SCM is used for cross-plant planning. Material Requirements Planning can be executed in either ECC or SCM. Notice that in ECC, Capacity Requirements Planning must be executed in a second separate step, as opposed to Production Planning and Detailed Scheduling of SCM, where quantities and capacities can be planned simultaneously.. 2009. © 2010 SAP AG. All rights reserved.. 3.

(12) Unit 1: Supply Chain Management: An Overview. SCM220. Production execution, which is the processing of manufacturing orders, such as production or process orders, takes place in ECC.. SCM Demand Planning • • • • • • • •. Global server with a BW infrastructure Exception handling is integrated and you can define your own alerts Planning is based on a main memory Flexible navigation in the planning table, variable drill-down Wide range of forecasting techniques Promotion planning and evaluation, like modeling Enables collaborative planning over the Internet Demand Planning BOMs. Benefits of Demand Planning in SAP SCM as opposed to Flexible Planning in SAP ECC: •. •. •. •. •. • •. 4. The BW infrastructure has user-friendly features to extract data from execution systems and run reports for this data in the SAP BW Business Explorer. Macros can be used to perform complex calculations and to define conditions and exception messages called alerts. E-mail messages can be sent automatically and the status can be queried. In the SOP scenario, the feasible production plan from Supply Network Planning or Production Planning/Detailed Scheduling is compared with the original demand plan. Deviations are identified automatically and reported to the planner. Demand Planning provides the following statistical forecasting models: constant model, trend model, seasonal model, trend and seasonal model, Croston method with exponential smoothing, linear regression, and causal models with multiple linear regression (MLR). External forecasting procedures can also be used here. Like modeling signifies the forecasting of new products using the historical sales data for old products. You can also define product lifecycles as a part of like modeling. You can make each planning book accessible to customers or suppliers over the Internet to exchange data quickly and easily. In Demand Planning, it is possible to determine the demand for the components of a BOM. You can, for example, deduce the future demand for active ingredients in the pharmaceutical industry, or product demand for displays in retail.. © 2010 SAP AG. All rights reserved.. 2009.

(13) SCM220. Lesson: Supply Chain Management with SAP SCM. Figure 2: Overview of SAP SCM Demand Planning. Historical data can be extracted from ECC systems and imported from BW, Excel, and legacy systems. Demand Planning takes the past sales data, such as invoiced sales quantities or sales revenue, and uses forecasts to update it for the future. To do this, it can use statistical forecasting techniques, such as the constant, trend, and seasonal models with exponential smoothing or linear regression. The demand plan is created as a result of the forecast. The demand plan can be released to generate product requirements (planned independent requirements) at specific locations for specific time periods in ECC or SCM. The requirements that are determined can then be fulfilled by externally procuring or producing the product.. 2009. © 2010 SAP AG. All rights reserved.. 5.

(14) Unit 1: Supply Chain Management: An Overview. SCM220. Figure 3: The Demand Planning Lever Effect. Small changes made during Demand Planning cause large changes to be made during Production Planning. As a result, the goal of Demand Planning is to create sales quantity forecasts that are as accurate as possible.. Figure 4: Factors that Influence Demand Planning. 6. © 2010 SAP AG. All rights reserved.. 2009.

(15) SCM220. Lesson: Supply Chain Management with SAP SCM. The complexity and competitive nature of today's business environment requires organizations to consider many variables when developing a sales and operations plan: •. • • •. Multiple sources of demand plan data. For example, the manufacturer's forecast is based on a distributor's past sales and point of sales directly from the retailer. Factors influencing demand. For example, the size of the sales force, R&D expenditures, advertising expenditures, price, promotions, and seasonality. Demand plan data can be exchanged with sales organizations, customers, and suppliers over the Internet (Collaborative Demand Planning). Collaborative planning involves comparing your own forecast results with the ones of your customers. Composite forecasting involves combining several forecasting techniques to provide the forecast results.. The other factors that are important for Demand Planning are: Managing all the main factors that influence demand, managing product lifecycles, Collaborative Planning, competitors, and buying habits.. Concept of Demand Planning. Figure 5: Demand Planning Concept. In SCM Demand Planning, you can choose to plan on any planning level and define any hierarchies you require. You can plan at both an aggregated level and a detailed level. The automatic aggregation and disaggregation function means that your data is always consistent at all levels of detail.. 2009. © 2010 SAP AG. All rights reserved.. 7.

(16) Unit 1: Supply Chain Management: An Overview. SCM220. Usually, the operational ECC system provides the past sales data on which you base your forecasts. A special extraction structure is used to transfer the historical data, such as invoiced sales quantity, incoming order quantity, and sales revenue, from ECC to BW. In BW, the data is stored in InfoCubes from where it is read by the SCM planning area. The actual planning then takes place in SCM. The planning results are stored in liveCache in key figures that are specifically created in the planning area. The forecasts can be enhanced through causal analyses, Collaborative Planning, and forecasts from other sources. You use causal analysis to model connections between several variables and historical data, and then update this for the future. Marketing intelligence and management adjustments can be added using forecast overrides and promotions.. Figure 6: SCM Application Architecture. Aggregated actual data can be transferred to SCM from OLTP, BW, Excel, and legacy systems, and stored in InfoCubes. This data is the basis for forecasting. The demand plan is created as a result of the forecast. You release the demand plan to Production Planning, which creates planned independent requirements for Supply Network Planning and Production Planning/Detailed Scheduling. You can also transfer the demand plan to the operating system (OLTP) as planned independent requirements. The seamless integration with Supply Network Planning and Production Planning/Detailed Scheduling supports efficient Sales and Operations Planning.. 8. © 2010 SAP AG. All rights reserved.. 2009.

(17) SCM220. Lesson: Supply Chain Management with SAP SCM. Figure 7: Data in SCM. As it relates to Master Data there will potentially be three types of master data: •. •. •. 2009. Master data for supply planning in SNP or PP/DS such as BOMs, routing, material masters and resources necessary for creating supply plans. This data is transferred to SAP SCM by the CIF interface. BW master data: required data related to characteristics such as sold-to party, sales organization, divisions and so on, for example texts, attributes and hierarchies. This data is extracted by programs in BW and appears in tables within the BW system of SAP SCM. Demand Planning Master Data: Master data specifically for Demand Planning, called Characteristic value combinations. This data is created in SAP SCM Demand Planning and stored in the Planning Object Structure.. © 2010 SAP AG. All rights reserved.. 9.

(18) Unit 1: Supply Chain Management: An Overview. SCM220. There are four different types of movement data: •. •. • •. OLTP orders: Current planning data from your ECC system such as Sales Orders, Stock, Production/Purchase Orders. This data uses the CIF interface to populate SAP SCM. BW: Historical transactional data on Sales orders, Production/Purchasing orders for forecasting or Analysis. This data is extracted by programs in BW and appears in InfoCubes within the BW system in SAP SCM. SCM orders: planning results from SNP, PP/DS, DEPL and TP/VS. This data can be transferred to the performing OLTP systems by the CIF interface. SCM time series: planning results from SAP SCM Demand Planning. These are saved in planning areas and can be released to SAP SCM or OLTP systems as planned independent requirements. Orders and time series can also be periodically stored in InfoCubes in SAP SCM.. Figure 8: Integration Between internal and external Business Information Warehouse. The internal SAP BW is contained within and completely integrated with the standard SAP SCM delivered system. It provides BW master data and historical data for demand planning. Historical data and master data can come for example from the central BW or SAP ECC. It is also used to save planning results back to database.. 10. © 2010 SAP AG. All rights reserved.. 2009.

(19) SCM220. Lesson: Supply Chain Management with SAP SCM. Notice that if you intend to execute extensive reporting, it is a good idea to implement an independent central enterprise BW server, and only transfer planning-relevant data to SCM. If you transfer back planning results to the central BW you can compare plan versus actual data. Since the data structures in BW and SCM are identical, you can also use the BW front end to run reports for SCM data.. Planning Components. Figure 9: Data Structure: InfoCubes. An InfoCube consists of a number of relational tables that are arranged according to the star schemata, which is a large fact table in the center, surrounded by several dimension tables. Notice that the dimension tables are independent of one another. The fact table connects the dimensions with the key figures. InfoCubes are used as central storage media for movement data in BW, in Demand Planning and in SNP. They consist of key figures, attributes, and time characteristics. A key figure saves movement data in the InfoCube's fact table as a quantity or value. For example, a key figure can be a projected sales value in dollars or a projected sales quantity in pallets. Characteristics are the objects by which you aggregate, disaggregate, and evaluate business data. Time characteristics define the periods over which you display, plan, and store data.. 2009. © 2010 SAP AG. All rights reserved.. 11.

(20) Unit 1: Supply Chain Management: An Overview. SCM220. The multidimensional nature of InfoCubes allows for powerful data analysis capabilities using the selection, drill-up, and drill-down functions.. Figure 10: What is a Planning Area?. A planning area is the central data structure for saving planning data for demand planning and supply network planning. Characteristics and key figures and their functions for planning are determined here. It groups together the central parameters that define the scope of the planning activities. It also determines whether planning results are to be saved as orders or time series. PP/DS and SNP plan primarily with orders saved in the SCM model version. Demand Planning plans only with time series saved in the version of the planning area. As a result, orders with various planning areas can be displayed and planned, whereas time series are always available in the planning area version. The planning area has to be initialized for planning and for the plan version. In Demand Planning, key figure data can be read from InfoCubes or time series objects. Key figure planning data is stored in the time series objects in liveCache.. 12. © 2010 SAP AG. All rights reserved.. 2009.

(21) SCM220. Lesson: Supply Chain Management with SAP SCM. Figure 11: The Planning Table. The SCM Demand Planning and Supply Network Planning modules have a uniform user interface, the planning table. This table has two main components, the selection area and the work area. The selection area consists of four windows. Objects that can be planned are displayed in the top window, and can be selected by the Shuffler and saved as selections. To open the shuffler, you click the Selection Window icon. The second window (selection profile) stores each planner's most frequently used selections: double-clicking opens them. The third window provides access to the work area's various layouts. You can define filters for the available planning books and planning views. Macros can be interactively executed from the fourth window and provide calculations in the work area.. 2009. © 2010 SAP AG. All rights reserved.. 13.

(22) Unit 1: Supply Chain Management: An Overview. SCM220. Figure 12: Planning and Reporting. Consistent planning is used to keep planning data consistent at all planning levels. Data is aggregated and disaggregated automatically. This allows you to analyze and change demand plans using any criteria. Consistent planning throughout the entire enterprise allows detailed plans to be automatically consolidated. Top-Down Planning: An aggregated plan is automatically distributed to various detail levels (for example, product, customers or sales areas) according to flexible rules. Middle-out planning: Planning data is distributed to middle levels (for example product group levels) and to detail levels and can be aggregated to the overall plan. Bottom-up planning: Detailed data from individual employees is automatically aggregated to the overall plan. Consistent planning can be used to simulate several different planning scenarios in various versions. The system automatically generates alerts from forecast errors. Macros can monitor forecast accuracy, which can be used in SNP to plan safety stocks.. Forecasting Techniques • • • • • • • •. 14. Moving average Constant models, trend models, seasonal models Exponential smoothing Seasonal linear regression The Holt-Winter's method Croston's method (for sporadic demand) Causal analysis - MLR Composite forecasting - Weighted average of multiple models. © 2010 SAP AG. All rights reserved.. 2009.

(23) SCM220. Lesson: Supply Chain Management with SAP SCM. The product spectrum of a company includes a variety of products in different stages of their lifecycle with different demand types. SCM Demand Planning offers a toolbox of proven forecasting methods from which you can choose the most suitable method for a specific demand type. Composite forecasting goes beyond the idea of pick-the-best and combines two or more methods. The Croston method allows you to forecast sporadic demand. The statistical forecasting toolbox provides all the features you require to create accurate forecasts, including everything from data analysis using the time series models through MLR.. Figure 13: Lifecycle Management and Like Modeling. You use lifecycle planning and “Like” modeling to forecast the launch (phase-in) and discontinuation (phase-out) of a product. A product's lifecycle consists of different phases: Launch (phase-in), growth, maturity, and discontinuation (phase-out). This process models the launch, growth and discontinuation phases. For all characteristic value combinations, you can use a like profile, or a phase-in profile, or a phase-out profile, or any combination of these. If the time period of the phase-out profile falls within the history horizon of the master forecast profile, the system adjusts the history input values, displays the adjusted values in the original history and corrected history key figures, and writes the adjusted values to the corrected history.. 2009. © 2010 SAP AG. All rights reserved.. 15.

(24) Unit 1: Supply Chain Management: An Overview. SCM220. If the time period of the phase-in profile falls within the future horizon specified in the master forecast profile, the system adjusts the baseline (original) forecasts, and writes the adjusted values to the corrected forecast key figure.. Figure 14: Promotion Planning. Promotions can have a major impact on consumer behavior. In SCM Demand Planning, you can plan promotions or other special events independent of your actual forecast. You can use Promotion Planning to model either one-time events, such as the millennium, or repeated events, such as quarterly advertising campaigns. Additional examples of promotions include trade fairs, coupons, free-standing inserts, competitors' activities, and market intelligence. Events that impact consumer behavior include upward or downward economic trends and acts of nature. Promotional uplifts can be modeled using common promotion patterns based on absolute or percentage values. The effect of a past promotion can either be determined automatically from the demand history or be estimated by the planner. A promotion pattern can be archived in a promotion catalog, which means it can be reused if a promotion of the same type is repeated. A Copy function in the promotion catalog also supports like modeling of like products, and like regions. Several techniques are available to estimate the impact of a past promotion such as MLR with or without trend or seasonality.. 16. © 2010 SAP AG. All rights reserved.. 2009.

(25) SCM220. Lesson: Supply Chain Management with SAP SCM. Result of Demand Planning. Figure 15: Releasing Sales Quantities as Planned Independent Requirements. Once the various stakeholders in the forecast have reached an agreement, you release the demand plan as planned independent requirements. This release causes planned independent requirements to be created in the order liveCache. The demands that are not order-based form the basis of Supply Network Planning or Production Planning/ Detailed Scheduling during which BOMs are exploded, capacities are planned, and sourcing is carried out for the entire supply network. After the planned sales quantities are checked for feasibility in Supply Network Planning or Production Planning/ Detailed Scheduling, the results can be transferred back to Demand Planning. Macros are then used to analyze the differences between the demand plan and feasible quantities. Alerts are generated if these differences are too large.. 2009. © 2010 SAP AG. All rights reserved.. 17.

(26) Unit 1: Supply Chain Management: An Overview. SCM220. Figure 16: Reporting in SCM. You can also use the BW front end to run reports for SCM data. In addition to running reports for the aggregated actual data from InfoCubes, reports are run for all the order and time series objects fromliveCache. You need the following elements to be able to run live reports for orders and time series: a planning area in SCM, an extraction structure for the planning area, an InfoSource, and an SAP RemoteCube that provides an interface with the internal BW reporting functions. You can use the BW Business Explorer to run reports for: • • •. 18. Order data from liveCache Aggregated data in InfoCubes Aggregated data in liveCache time series. © 2010 SAP AG. All rights reserved.. 2009.

(27) SCM220. Lesson: Supply Chain Management with SAP SCM. Figure 17: How the Alert Monitor Is Integrated. Exception messages in SCM are normally called alerts. In Demand Planning and in SNP, you can use macros to define your own alerts. The detected exceptions are collected automatically in the alert repository and reported in the alert monitor. The alert monitor profile is a form of filter to view specific sets of alerts for different planners.. 2009. © 2010 SAP AG. All rights reserved.. 19.

(28) Unit 1: Supply Chain Management: An Overview. SCM220. Lesson Summary You should now be able to: • Get an overview of Supply Chain Planning with SAP SCM • Describe the process of SCM Demand Planning (DP) • Explain the concept of Demand Planning • Explain the functions of Demand Planning • Describe the techniques used for forecasting • Explain the result of Demand Planning. 20. © 2010 SAP AG. All rights reserved.. 2009.

(29) SCM220. Unit Summary. Unit Summary You should now be able to: • Get an overview of Supply Chain Planning with SAP SCM • Describe the process of SCM Demand Planning (DP) • Explain the concept of Demand Planning • Explain the functions of Demand Planning • Describe the techniques used for forecasting • Explain the result of Demand Planning. 2009. © 2010 SAP AG. All rights reserved.. 21.

(30) Unit Summary. 22. SCM220. © 2010 SAP AG. All rights reserved.. 2009.

(31) SCM220. Test Your Knowledge. Test Your Knowledge 1.. SCM can be divided into many steps, all of which can be executed in SAP SCM. Determine whether this statement is true or false.. □ □ 2.. True False. Demand Planning enables collaborative planning over the internet. Determine whether this statement is true or false.. □ □. True False. 3.. What is Collaborative Planning?. 4.. The SCM Demand Planning and SNP modules have a uniform user interface, the . Fill in the blanks to complete the sentence.. 5.. What are the elements that are necessary to run live reports for order and time series?. 6.. The Croston method allows you to model. .. Fill in the blanks to complete the sentence.. 2009. © 2010 SAP AG. All rights reserved.. 23.

(32) Test Your Knowledge. SCM220. Answers 1.. SCM can be divided into many steps, all of which can be executed in SAP SCM. Answer: False Some steps can be executed by components in SAP ECC.. 2.. Demand Planning enables collaborative planning over the internet. Answer: True You can make each planning book accessible to customers or suppliers over the Internet so data is available for exchange as quickly as possible.. 3.. What is Collaborative Planning? Answer: Collaborative planning involves comparing your own forecast results with those of your customers.. 4.. The SCM Demand Planning and SNP modules have a uniform user interface, the Planning Table. Answer: Planning Table. 5.. What are the elements that are necessary to run live reports for order and time series? Answer: A planning area in SCM, an extraction structure for the planning area, an InfoSource, and the SAP Remote Cube. 6.. The Croston method allows you to model sporadic demand. Answer: sporadic demand. 24. © 2010 SAP AG. All rights reserved.. 2009.

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(35) Unit 2 Interactive Planning Unit Overview In this unit you will create selection IDs that can be assigned to users and learn to navigate within the planning table. You will learn to maintain planning data at different levels and list the different disaggregation options. You will be able to describe how proportional factors are used and how they affect the final forecast.. Unit Objectives After completing this unit, you will be able to: • • • • • • • • • • • • • •. Use the selection area to display the data of selected objects Create, save, and assign selection IDs to user logon IDs. Use the work area for planning Explain enqueue management in Demand Planning Analyze data using aggregation and disaggregation methods Navigate in the work area Change proportional factors interactively Use the basic planning table functions Enter notes to document your planning data Fix values of key figures in interactive planning Copy between the interactive planning table and Microsoft Excel Export your planning book data to Microsoft Excel at the detail, aggregate, and pivotal table levels. Explain and use different options for reporting on your planning data. Use collaborative planning to enter forecast quantities using the internet.. Unit Contents Lesson: Navigation in the Interactive Planning Table ....................... 27 Exercise 1: Working with the Interactive Planning Table ............... 39 Lesson: Analyzing Data in the Interactive Planning Table.................. 46 Exercise 2: Analyzing Data in the Interactive Planning Table ......... 61 Lesson: Additional Features of the Interactive Planning Table ............ 70. 2009. © 2010 SAP AG. All rights reserved.. 25.

(36) Unit 2: Interactive Planning. SCM220. Exercise 3: Working with Key Figure Values ............................ 81 Exercise 4: Integration with Microsoft Excel (Optional) ................ 83 Lesson: Collaborative Planning (Optional) ................................... 87 Exercise 5: Collaborative Planning........................................ 93. 26. © 2010 SAP AG. All rights reserved.. 2009.

(37) SCM220. Lesson: Navigation in the Interactive Planning Table. Lesson: Navigation in the Interactive Planning Table Lesson Overview In this lesson, you will learn to navigate in the interactive planning table and how to enter and analyze data. You will also learn about the basic functions of the interactive planning table.. Lesson Objectives After completing this lesson, you will be able to: • • • •. Use the selection area to display the data of selected objects Create, save, and assign selection IDs to user logon IDs. Use the work area for planning Explain enqueue management in Demand Planning. Business Example The Precision Pump Company will use Demand Planning in SAP SCM to forecast its finished products. While a majority of the demand planning process will be performed by background jobs, planners will be responsible for performing interactive planning on a periodical basis. It is important that all planners are able to navigate in the interactive planning table and enter and analyze data.. Navigation in the Interactive Planning Table Individuals who take part in the demand planning process will need a tool to analyze, create, and change the demand plan as directed by the information surrounding the process. Through the use of planning books and data views, users will be able interact with SAP SCM to provide feedback and direction for the final demand that will be sent to the operations group for supply analysis. A planning book is assigned to one planning area. Data from the planning area is saved as time series in the liveCache (main memory database). Several planning books can be defined for a given planning area. Consider that each book might represent a particular role in your demand planning process. If you have a demand planner, sales representative, marketing, regional sales manager, vice president of sales and major customers, all involved in the demand planning process, you might consider having six different planning books. Each role might require different information, or the information displayed in a particular format. In addition, certain roles may not be allowed access to certain functions. For example, if promotions are designed and created by marketing, you don't want a demand planner to have access to the promotions. They would need to see the results, but not to have access to change the actual numbers. Likewise, you would not want some one in a sales role to execute and mange the statistical forecasting process, unless it was their responsibility.. 2009. © 2010 SAP AG. All rights reserved.. 27.

(38) Unit 2: Interactive Planning. SCM220. Each planning book, can have and unlimited number of data views. Consider each that data view represents a task that person (role) must complete. For example, a demand planner will need to see all the historical data relevant for the statistical model, however they are also responsible for making a final check or adjustment to the demand plan before it is sent to operations. Therefore you would need at least two key figures in this case. A planning book is made up of the following elements: • • • • • • •. User defined data view(s) (custom) Macros for data view Selection ID, user-specific assignment Univariate forecast view (SAP standard) MLR forecast view (SAP standard) Composite forecast view (SAP standard) Promotion planning view (SAP standard) Note: You decide which data views are relevant for the respective books (roles) in configuration for Demand Planning.. The data views configured by the project team and the authorization concept determine which data each employee can view and change for his or her tasks. The data views are made up of key figures (transactional data) that are necessary to perform a specific task. To access planning books and data views, use the menu path: Advanced Planning and Optimization → Demand Planning → Planning → /SAPAPO/SDP94 Interactive Demand Planning.. When you start the transaction, the last used planning book/data view is displayed. If /SAPAPO/SDPPLBK - Assign User to Planning Book does not have an entry for the user yet, then planning book/data view 9ADP_BASIC/Demand Planning is opened. Note: Data views are often referred to as interactive planning tables.. 28. © 2010 SAP AG. All rights reserved.. 2009.

(39) SCM220. Lesson: Navigation in the Interactive Planning Table. Figure 18: Navigation in the Selection Area. The interactive planning table is divided into two sections, the left side and the right side of the screen. The left side of the screen is called the selector and the right side is the work space/area. The selector is divided into four areas: • • • •. Selection window Selection profile Planning books Macros. Selected Objects is the window where you select the objects you want to plan. The selection profile section shows the selection IDs that have been assigned to the current planner. Selection IDs are preset field selections (variants) that are always used. Demand planners can use this selection profile to quickly access their frequently used selections. To add selection IDs to the selection profile, choose Selection Profile. In the Planning Book area, users can select planning books and data views for which they have authorization. A planner who can view all the available planning books has access to the planning books in both Supply Network Planning and Demand Planning. Planners have the opportunity to filter which view are accessible. In addition to choosing Period Structure Settings, users can load a different time profile into their data view. Note: When loading a different time profile into your data view, it all only apply to Future time periods.. 2009. © 2010 SAP AG. All rights reserved.. 29.

(40) Unit 2: Interactive Planning. SCM220. The Macros area shows macros that are active in this planning book and for this data view. Directly executable macros can be executed from this window by simply double selecting on them. A list of macros that are automatically being executed in the background is also shown.. Selection IDs When using the interactive planning table, the most important functionality to understand is how the data is selected by the users. If data is not selected properly, this can result in record locking and the data will only be available in display mode.. Figure 19: Selection IDs. The selector is your primary tool for locating, sorting, and organizing information. To show/hide the selector, click the application toolbar.. Switch Selector On/Off symbol in the. The selection window is the window in which you select the objects you want to plan using characteristics. Examples of characteristics in Demand Planning include products, brands, sales organizations, and customers. Characteristic values describe individual products, brands, sales organizations, and customers. You choose objects that meet certain conditions from the drop-down boxes in the selector show... that meet the following conditions.... For example, you might want to show all products in version 000 that belong to product hierarchy 0110 (pumps). The first row in the dialog box labeled Show indicates what you would like to see a list of - the product in this case. The rest of the rows act as a filter to only show those objects that meet the conditions you defined - that is, the product hierarchy.. 30. © 2010 SAP AG. All rights reserved.. 2009.

(41) SCM220. Lesson: Navigation in the Interactive Planning Table. You can use the standard multiple object selection function to select several values of a characteristic. The lowest line is the most detailed level. This means only characteristic values for which the previous selection criteria are valid can be selected. You can save selections you intend to use frequently and load existing selections in the selection profile. To open the selector, click toolbar.. in the selector. Note: In interactive planning, the Business Add-In "/SAPAPO/SDP_SELECTOR" can be used to enhance the standard selector functions. This SAP Note describes the possibility of setting default values for characteristics selector's selection screen. SAP Note 432806 contains a sample implementation. For more information, see the BAdI documentation and SAP Note 399508 for more details.. Navigation in the Work Area of the Interactive Planning Table Once a user has selected the appropriate data view, they must understand how to navigate the data view. There is no difference between navigation in custom and standard data views, aside from which key figures are displayed.. Figure 20: The Planning Table Work Area. The work area is the area where the planner performs his or her tasks. It is situated on the right side of the screen and consists of a table and/or a graphic. When your company configures the data view, they have the choice displaying the table, the graphic, or both. In addition, if you specify both the table and the graphic, you can decide if you want them side by side or above and below.. 2009. © 2010 SAP AG. All rights reserved.. 31.

(42) Unit 2: Interactive Planning. SCM220. To display the data of the selected objects in the work area, double-click the object. If you selected more than one object, choose Load Data. Planning books/data views for Demand Planning are started by default in change mode, while planning books/data views for SNP planning areas are started by default in display mode. Using the status symbols (display/change) or the corresponding menu, you can choose between the display and change mode. Bear in mind the following: • • •. •. •. •. •. •. No locks are set in the display mode You can only switch to the change mode if objects were previously selected and the related data already loaded When you switch to change mode, the data must be read again, because it was not locked previously and could therefore have been changed by another user in the meantime When you switch to display mode, the data must be checked (and therefore read again), because the user could have previously carried out data changes in change mode. If data is already changed, a prompt appears asking whether you want to save the data When you switch between display and change mode (and vice versa), drill-down and show-related operations previously executed may be ignored. The data is always aggregated (that is, without drill-down) when loaded When you switch between display and change mode (and vice versa), drill-down and show-related operations previously executed may be ignored. The data is always aggregated (that is, without drill-down) when loaded The display/change mode of a planning book can be influenced with the BAdI "/SAPAPO/SDP_INTERACT" (method "DVIEW_DISPLAY_MODE_SET"). It allows you to override the default logic and to either start planning books in change or display mode or convert them to simple display books. For details, see the sample implementation. The display/change mode can be altered for specific users with the user parameter "/SAPAPO/SDP94_D_MODE". – – –. "I" (initial) - Transaction code /SAPAPO/SDP94 starts in display mode, switch to change mode possible "A" (always) - Transaction code /SAPAPO/SDP94 starts in display mode, switch to change mode not possible "C" (change) - Transaction code /SAPAPO/SDP94 starts in change mode (if the planning book/data view permits change mode). You use the Key Figure Selection symbol to choose which planning view key figures are to be displayed in the work area. Note: You have the option of selecting more than one key figure at time by choosing Multiple Key Figures under the key figure selection.. 32. © 2010 SAP AG. All rights reserved.. 2009.

(43) SCM220. Lesson: Navigation in the Interactive Planning Table. If the system is connected to a mail server, you have the option of sending plans internally or externally by e-mail. The system automatically creates a Microsoft Excel attachment that contains the plan.. Figure 21: Graphic Settings. 2009. © 2010 SAP AG. All rights reserved.. 33.

(44) Unit 2: Interactive Planning. SCM220. With release SCM 7.0 Enhancement Pack 1 the DP /SNP Chart Engine was redesigned: • •. Interaction between chart and grid: marking of cells in the grid highlight the according points in the chart, and vice versa Display of the chart: – – –. • • •. Dynamically setting of start and end period of the chart Definition of shown periods in the chart independently from the grid Scalability of the Y-axis ( value axis): set of minimum and maximum value – Show or hide chart legend – The chart can be shown in full screen mode – Inverting of key figure values – Interaction between chart and grid: marking of cells in the grid highlight the according points in the chart, and vice versa – Tooltip option to show value of a point in the chart is provided – Changes are highlighted and synchronized in grid and chart. General chart customizing in design mode of Planning Book. Specific chart customizing in interactive DP/SNP planning. Printing of the chart Central maintenance and transport from chart customizing: transaction /SAPAPO/SDP_CHART - Maintain Chart Customizing or report /SAPAPO/MSDP_CHART_CUSTOM to copy and delete chart engine customizing. Each user can define its own graphic settings in interactive planning via the Design mode and directly in the forecasting view, if its is allowed in the system. With user parameter /SAPAPO/SDP_CHART_TB, parameter value X a tool bar is available to toggle the legend and switch horizons and print the chart.. 34. © 2010 SAP AG. All rights reserved.. 2009.

(45) SCM220. Lesson: Navigation in the Interactive Planning Table. Basic Functions of the Interactive Planning Table. Figure 22: Basic Functions of the Planning Table. If you right-click the cell at the top left of the planning table can perform the following functions: • • •. •. •. 2009. , you. Navigation bar - This option opens the enhanced scroll functions for general and detailed navigation. Switch columns with rows - Move from time being horizontal to vertical. Synchronize table/graphic - Display the same periods in the table and the graphic. When you scroll in the table the graphic moves correspondingly. You must have enabled the navigation bar to use this function. Change units of measurement - Display a key figure in a unit other than the unit set in the basic settings for the planning area in Customizing, or hide/display the unit column in the table. Pivot sorting - This function is available after you have performed at least one drill-down. You can change the order in which the characteristic values and key figures are displayed in the grid. When you drill down, the key figures remain on the left and the characteristic values are displayed to the right in the order of the drill-down. With the pivot sort, you can change this order without changing the drill-down order. When you call up pivot sorting from the context menu, a dialog box appears in which the order of the objects is displayed. If the table has not been sorted, the top object is the key figure, followed by the first drill-down characteristic, and so on. Change the order using Drag&Drop. When you have finished, choose Save to transfer these settings to the table. The sort sequence is only valid for the current drill-down.. © 2010 SAP AG. All rights reserved.. 35.

(46) Unit 2: Interactive Planning. SCM220. In interactive planning, promotion planning, and forecasting, you can use distribution functions in order to enter data in multiple cells quickly and easily. The function distributes values over a selected period. In the function, you enter a value that is the basis for the distribution. How this value is entered in the cells depends on the operator you assign to the value in the Operator field. You define distribution functions for weighted distribution in Customizing or under Demand Planning → Environment→ Current Setting → Maintain Distribution Function. Alternatively, you can edit distribution patterns from the function in the application. In this case, you also see the periods in the planning table to which the values are to be saved. You an add a column for row totals to the interactive planning at runtime. This lets you display the sum of a row's values in the table. Users have the following options: • • • • •. For a selected section of the planning horizon For all future and historical periods For all future and historical periods For all future and historical periods To hide row totals. Use the menu path Settings → Row Totals → ..... from within the planning book to access the row totals functionality Note: BAdI /SAPAPO/SDP_INTERACT - Interactive Planning lets you perform the following functions: • •. • •. You use method FCODES_EXCLUDE to gray out standard functions that you no longer want your user to be able to choose. You use method USER_FCODES_CALCULATIONS to implement your own functions that neither macros nor user exits are able to cover. Under FCODES, you must first release a function code (by entering a description). This released function code (for example, +CUS01) is then displayed automatically in the menu, which then, when selected executes the method. You use method PIVOT_ORDER_SET to automatically set the column sequence after a drill down or display dependent objects. You use method TEXT_CHOOSE to choose between using a short text, a medium text, or a long text.. Locks Before a user can change data in the system, this data is locked so that other users cannot change it at the same time. Without the locking function, changes could lead to data inconsistencies. As a result, it is only possible to change data that has not been locked already. If the system cannot set a lock for a selection, it. 36. © 2010 SAP AG. All rights reserved.. 2009.

(47) SCM220. Lesson: Navigation in the Interactive Planning Table. automatically opens the selection in display mode. In demand planning, locking is used in planning transactions such as interactive planning and background planning. Editing master data and the administration of planning areas are not affected. Other planners can only work concurrently with other characteristic values and versions. A lock is only possible if none of the characteristic value combinations of the selection are already locked. Therefore, if planner 1 is planning product P-102 for customer 1000, planner 2 can plan the product for another customer. The second planner cannot plan all products for customer 1000, however, because characteristic value combination P-102/1000 is locked. Therefore, if planner 1 is planning product P-102 for all customers, planner 2 cannot plan the product at all, even for other customers. However, planner 2 can plan a different product for customer 1000 (or even for all customers). Note: Choose Goto -> Lock Entries to display a list of all the current locks (extracted from table SM12). Locking can occur on two levels, aggregate and detailed. In aggregate locking, data is locked on the selection level. For performance reasons, the system does not consider each ambiguous characteristic value to be a wildcard. Therefore, if you select two products, all products will be locked. This logic enhances performance especially in background processing, but requires detailed selections for interactive planning, for example, by navigation attributes. The following items are considered wildcards for locking purposes: • • •. 2009. Value ranges, for example, products 1 to 1010. (Ranges also include entries that use <, >) Multiple values, for example locations DERBY, PHILADELPHIA, and SINGAPORE Exclusive selections, for example, not customer SMITH. © 2010 SAP AG. All rights reserved.. 37.

(48) Unit 2: Interactive Planning. SCM220. You can also use the detailed locking logic as an alternative. The system creates an entry (line) in the lock table for each unambiguous characteristic value. Wildcards are not used. In the case of large selections (more than 100 entries) this can cause problems (The lock table can overflow.). If you use intervals or exclusive selection conditions in the selection, the system responds as follows: •. •. If the characteristic involved is the one whose values are to be planned, the system overrides the selection condition by making individual entries in the lock table. If the characteristic has been only implicitly planned, the selection for ambiguous characteristics are not overridden for the lock table. This means these characteristics are not locked, which means too little is locked under certain conditions. Note: If you want to use the alternative logic, set the detailed lock indicator for the corresponding planning area. SAP recommends that you use as detailed a selection as possible. This reduces the amount of data that is locked. You should try to avoid value ranges and multiple selections. One method of doing this is to use navigational attributes for selection purposes. See also SAP Notes 379292 and 574716.. Until SCM 4.0, locks were put on planning object levels, which locked all key figures in a selection. In SCM 4.1 and later, it is possible to set a key figure-specific lock for the detailed lock in the planning area. This enables two planners with the same selection but different key figures to plan. Hint: The disadvantage of the detailed lock is that too many characteristic combinations might be locked, since no wildcards (such as *), value ranges, or multiple selections are possible in the lock table. The detailed locking logic in the liveCache was developed for SCM 5.0. SAP recommends using this logic exclusively, as it is much faster than the older lock logic. You can also use wildcards (such as *), value ranges, and multiple selections; you no longer have to worry about locking similar objects or overflowing the lock table. If a lock occurs, the system displays the exact arguments that resulted in the lock.. 38. © 2010 SAP AG. All rights reserved.. 2009.

(49) SCM220. Lesson: Navigation in the Interactive Planning Table. Exercise 1: Working with the Interactive Planning Table Exercise Objectives After completing this exercise, you will be able to: • Create, save, and assign selection IDs to your logon ID • Select and display data of selected objects • Navigate in the planning table • Use the basic planning table functions. Business Example After configuring the planning table layout in the planning book, the demand planner of the Precision Pump Company needs to implement Interactive Planning to enter and analyze data.. Task 1: Selection IDs in Demand Planning During the demand planning process, each demand planner plans the objects for which he or she is responsible. You need to configure predefined selections to speed up access to data and forecasts. In the next exercise, you will create two example selection IDs and assign them to the planner's planning book to support the demand planning process.. 1.. Selections enable easy access to characteristic combinations that are required on a daily basis. For this reason, in your DPBOOK## planning book in the DEMAND PLAN data view in Interactive Planning, create a selection called PRODUCT## for the version 000, and enter the products, P-102 through P-104. Assign the selection, PRODUCT##, to your selection profile. Load the data for product P-102. Is actual data displayed for the past?. 2.. In your DPCOLL## planning book and in the DPCOLL## data view, create a selection called COLL## for version 000, product P-102, and customer 0000001032, and assign it to your logon ID. Plan 20 pieces in month 2 in the Customer Correction key figure for this characteristic value combination. Save your plan.. Continued on next page. 2009. © 2010 SAP AG. All rights reserved.. 39.

(50) Unit 2: Interactive Planning. SCM220. Task 2: Interactive Demand Planning During the demand planning process at your company, the forecast data is usually generated using mass processing jobs. In this task, however, you will first create interactive sales quantities and then analyze the disaggregation in the next exercise. 1.. Select your planning book DPBOOK## and data view DEMAND PLAN, then load the data for product P-102 through your selection. Do you find your customer correction here? Why or why not? In the FORECAST key figure of the planning table, plan 1000 pieces each month for the next five months (not including the current month) using the distribution operator and save. How is the demand plan calculated?. 40. © 2010 SAP AG. All rights reserved.. 2009.

(51) SCM220. Lesson: Navigation in the Interactive Planning Table. Solution 1: Working with the Interactive Planning Table Task 1: Selection IDs in Demand Planning During the demand planning process, each demand planner plans the objects for which he or she is responsible. You need to configure predefined selections to speed up access to data and forecasts. In the next exercise, you will create two example selection IDs and assign them to the planner's planning book to support the demand planning process.. 1.. Selections enable easy access to characteristic combinations that are required on a daily basis. For this reason, in your DPBOOK## planning book in the DEMAND PLAN data view in Interactive Planning, create a selection called. Continued on next page. 2009. © 2010 SAP AG. All rights reserved.. 41.

(52) Unit 2: Interactive Planning. SCM220. PRODUCT## for the version 000, and enter the products, P-102 through P-104. Assign the selection, PRODUCT##, to your selection profile. Load the data for product P-102. Is actual data displayed for the past? a). Advanced Planning and Optimization → Demand Planning → Planning → Interactive Demand Planning.. b). Save your planning book DPBOOK##, click the triangle to expand the data views, and double-click the DEMAND PLAN view.. c). Choose the. Selection Window symbol.. Next to Show, choose APO Product. In the lower section, you can now store conditions for the products. The version 000 will default since it is the only active version that exists. In the next row, select APO Product, and on the right side click the Multiple Selection symbol. Click the Range tab to enter the product range P-102 to P-104 and when finished select the copy symbol d). e). Select. Save and enter PRODUCT## as the selection description.. Click. Save and then. 2.. Copy.. To enable easy access to this selection, assign the selection to your user ID by clicking the Selection Profile bar. A dialog window opens. Drag your selection from the right side of the window to the book on the left side. Choose. f). .. Save and. Adopt.. To load the data, first double-select the selection PRODUCT##, and then the product P-102. The previous year's sales data should immediately be visible in the table. Scroll to past dates in the table to check if the historical data from the InfoCube is displayed in the ACTUAL SALES key figure. The actual data should now be displayed. It was loaded from the InfoCube version 000 when you loaded the data.. In your DPCOLL## planning book and in the DPCOLL## data view, create a selection called COLL## for version 000, product P-102, and customer 0000001032, and assign it to your logon ID.. Continued on next page. 42. © 2010 SAP AG. All rights reserved.. 2009.

(53) SCM220. Lesson: Navigation in the Interactive Planning Table. Plan 20 pieces in month 2 in the Customer Correction key figure for this characteristic value combination. Save your plan. a). Advanced Planning and Optimization → Demand Planning → Planning → Interactive Demand Planning.. b). In the selection area, select the triangle next to your DPCOLL## planning book to expand the views, then double click the DPCOLL00 data view.. c). Choose the Selection Window symbol. Choose APO Product under Show and define only product P-102 and customer 0000001032. To save the selection as COLL##, click COLL## as the selection description. Click Adopt.. d). Save and then. To enable easy access to this selection, assign the selection to the selection profile by pressing the Selection Profile bar. A dialog window opens. Drag your selection from the right side of the window to the book on the left side. Choose. e). Save Selection. Enter. Save and. Adopt.. Double-click the selection, then double-click the displayed characteristic value combinations, then enter 20 pieces in month 2 in the Customer Correction key figure. Save your plan.. Task 2: Interactive Demand Planning During the demand planning process at your company, the forecast data is usually generated using mass processing jobs. In this task, however, you will first create interactive sales quantities and then analyze the disaggregation in the next exercise. 1.. Select your planning book DPBOOK## and data view DEMAND PLAN, then load the data for product P-102 through your selection. Do you find your customer correction here? Why or why not? In the FORECAST key figure of the planning table, plan 1000 pieces each month for the next five months (not including the current month) using the distribution operator and save.. Continued on next page. 2009. © 2010 SAP AG. All rights reserved.. 43.

(54) Unit 2: Interactive Planning. SCM220. How is the demand plan calculated? a). Select your planning book DPBOOK## and double-click the DEMAND PLAN view.. b). Load the data for product P-102 by double-clicking the PRODUCT## selection ID and then product P-102. Your customer corrections appear here as well, because both planning books belong to the same planning area.. c). To select the next five periods (not including the current month), hold the left mouse button and drag your cursor over the column headers. Click the Distribute symbol, check the horizon, enter 1000 pieces for the FORECAST key figure, and enter = for the operator. Choose Distribute. Click. d). 44. Save.. A macro calculates the demand plan as the total from the forecast, correction, promotion and customer correction key fugures.. © 2010 SAP AG. All rights reserved.. 2009.

(55) SCM220. Lesson: Navigation in the Interactive Planning Table. Lesson Summary You should now be able to: • Use the selection area to display the data of selected objects • Create, save, and assign selection IDs to user logon IDs. • Use the work area for planning • Explain enqueue management in Demand Planning. 2009. © 2010 SAP AG. All rights reserved.. 45.

(56) Unit 2: Interactive Planning. SCM220. Lesson: Analyzing Data in the Interactive Planning Table Lesson Overview In this lesson, you will learn to navigate in the interactive planning table and how to enter and analyze data. You will learn about the basic functions of the interactive planning table, including proportional factors and their effect on the final forecast.. Lesson Objectives After completing this lesson, you will be able to: • • • •. Analyze data using aggregation and disaggregation methods Navigate in the work area Change proportional factors interactively Use the basic planning table functions. Business Example The Precision Pump Company will use Demand Planning in SAP SCM to forecast its finished products. While a majority of the demand planning process will be performed by background jobs, planners will be responsible for performing interactive planning on a periodical basis. It is important that all planners are able to navigate in the interactive planning table and enter and analyze data. They should also understand how proportional factors affect demand planning.. Drill-Down in Interactive Planning One of the most important activities in a demand planning process is to be able to start at an aggregate/summary level of information, and navigate to more detailed information broken down by characteristic. This activity is referred to as drill-down.. 46. © 2010 SAP AG. All rights reserved.. 2009.

(57) SCM220. Lesson: Analyzing Data in the Interactive Planning Table. Figure 23: Drill-Down in Interactive Planning. The drill-up and drill-down options within the selected objects enable you to navigate through the characteristic combinations and display the associated key figure values. You can use the drill-down and drill-up options through one or more levels and in any sequence. The process is not hierarchical. Demand Planning uses characteristic combinations to establish relationships between characteristic values. Example: You select pump P-102 and want to know which customer has bought it. The system displays the valid characteristic combinations for pump P-102 with the customer's characteristic values. The drill-down functions let you access more detailed information from any point of reference.. Data Evaluation with the Drill-Down Function Often during the planning process, users will need to look at “groups” of data. This may take the form of multiple materials, yet planners want to look at all transactional data related to these products. Further more, they might wish to see, a break down of what customers bought those products, and what locations shipped to those customers. Through the user of a header, users can drill-down on aggregate data to get to the finer details to make more informed decisions. Note: Headers are user-specific and view-specific. Once set, they will appear any time the view is accessed. If the view is accessed via collaborative planning or the internet, the headers will allow users to explode the aggregate data down.. 2009. © 2010 SAP AG. All rights reserved.. 47.

(58) Unit 2: Interactive Planning. SCM220. Figure 24: Navigation in the Work Area. To set up header information in the planning table, choose Settings → Header Header On/Off and Header Information Settings. Information or select Here each user can specify, in order, the characteristics (master data) they would like to drill down on. Users will also have the opportunity to display either the field value (product number) or the description. You can display your characteristic values in a sequence using the arrows in the header information. The total shows you the aggregated total of your selected data in the work area. If you select Details (all), you are given an overview of all the members in your work area. Note: The sequence and the contents of the fixed header information can be changed with BAdI "/SAPAPO/SDP_HEADER" (SAP Note 380352).. Aggregation and Disaggregation As stated earlier, towards the end of the demand planning process, users are typically looking at summary or aggregate data. Users will need to understand how the data is being presented to them as well as how any changes at an aggregate level will be handled.. 48. © 2010 SAP AG. All rights reserved.. 2009.

(59) SCM220. Lesson: Analyzing Data in the Interactive Planning Table. Figure 25: Aggregation and Disaggregation. Aggregation is the function that automatically adds the key figure values on the lowest detail level in real time, and displays or plans with them on a higher level. If, for example, you display the forecast demand for a region on the interactive planning table, you will see the forecast demand that the system calculated for the different distribution channels, product families, brands, and customers in the regions in question. Disaggregation is the function that automatically distributes the key figure values on a higher level onto the members on the lowest level. For example, when you forecast the demand for a certain region, the system instantly splits up this number according to the region's different sales channels, product families, brands, products, customers and so on. Aggregation and disaggregation ensure a consistent planning approach throughout your organization. The sum of the details on the low level always equals the total on the high level. Key figure values are always saved at the lowest detail level only. If aggregates exist, the data is also saved on the aggregate level. Use the following steps to perform aggregation and disaggregation: 1. Select your characteristic values and planning version. 2. Load the data for one or more characteristic values. The key figures are aggregated and displayed for the characteristic values contained in your selection. 3. Create or change your plan. The key figures are disaggregated automatically according to the characteristic combinations. To choose the data you want to plan, select the characteristic values and the version. When you have loaded the data, an aggregated view of the selected data is displayed in the Interactive Planning screen. When you save the data, it is automatically disaggregated and stored at the detailed level. To store selections, such as characteristic values and versions that are used on a regular basis, you define the selection variants. The variants can be placed in folders. A delete function is also available to delete selection variants.. 2009. © 2010 SAP AG. All rights reserved.. 49.

(60) Unit 2: Interactive Planning. SCM220. Rounding During Disaggregation Rounding is essential to the understanding of calculations that are made in Demand Planning. In conjunction with time-based disaggregation/aggregation it can lead to unexpected results. When dealing with rounding or disaggregation/aggregation, remember that disaggregation is carried out first on a time basis and then on a structural basis. Internally, for instance in macros and forecasting, Demand Planning uses floating point arithmetic. In interactive planning you can display numbers with up to 6 decimal places. As a default the system takes the number of decimal places from the unit of measurement. However liveCache uses a fixed number format of 12.3 – that is, 12 places before the decimal point and three after. This means that all numbers are stored with a maximum of three decimal places. The number of decimal places is defined for each key figure. When converting from the internal format used in interactive planning to the liveCache format, the system first converts to the format specified in the key figure and then to liveCache format. In both steps normal rounding is used (that is a number less than 0.5 is rounded down, 0.5 and greater is rounded up). 50. © 2010 SAP AG. All rights reserved.. 2009.

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