VP*(S10-235-01)
ADDITIONAL MATERIALS
In addition to this paper you may require a calculator and a ruler.
INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES
Write your name, centre number and candidate number in the spaces at the top of this page.
Answer all questions.
Write your answers in the spaces provided in this booklet.
INFORMATION FOR CANDIDATES
The number of marks is given in brackets at the end of each question or part-question.
You are reminded of the necessity for good English and orderly presentation in your answers.
GCSE 235/01 SCIENCE
FOUNDATION TIER BIOLOGY 1
P.M. WEDNESDAY, 9 June 2010 45 minutes
For Examiner’s use only
3 8
1 7
2 6
5 8
4 6
7 6
6 6
Total 50
8 3
Question Maximum Mark
Mark Awarded Candidate
Name
Candidate Number Centre
Number
0
0235 0101
(235-01)
Answer all questions.
1. Read the following information and answer the questions which follow.
Two scientists discussed using animals in medical research.
The bodies of people and animals are similar. We need to
use animals to test our drugs.
Vaccines against diseases such as polio came from tests on animals.
Fewer animal tests will be done in future, as other methods are developed.
Scientist
A Scientist
B The number of tests on animals
should be reduced. They may cause them stress.
95 drugs for treating strokes worked in animals but not in
people.
Tests can be done using computers and by using living
cells in test tubes.
Turn over.
(235-01)
7 From this information only:
(a) (i) Why does scientist A say that it is necessary to use animals? [1]
. . . .
(ii) In what way does scientist B say that tests may be harmful to animals? [1]
. . . .
(b) (i) State two methods for doing tests without using animals. [1]
. . . .
. . . .
(ii) How have tests on animals been helpful in preventing disease? [1]
. . . .
(c) (i) Why does scientist A think that tests on animals give information about the effect
of drugs on people? [1]
. . . .
(ii) Why does scientist B think that tests on animals are not always useful? [1]
. . . .
(d) What is likely to happen to the number of tests on animals in the future? [1]
. . . .
3 Examiner
only
0235 0103
(235-01)
2. Read the information below about plants growing on an island.
• Blackberry plants grow on an island where they compete with Scalesia plants for light and water.
• Since 1950, many more blackberry plants have grown and many Scalesia plants have died.
Part of Scalesia plant
Thick leaves and stems with soft hairs
Scalesia Blackberry
up to 2 metres up to 4 metres Plant height
slow rapid
Growth rate
1 metre 3 metres
Root length after one year
yes no
Eaten by goats
Thick leaves and stems with sharp thorns Part of blackberry plant
From this information:
(a) Underline the correct answer in each case to show any change in numbers of plants
since 1950. [1]
Scalesia increased / decreased / unchanged Blackberry increased / decreased / unchanged
(235-01) 6 Turn over.
5 Examiner
only
(b) Why do blackberry plants get more light than Scalesia? [1]
. . . .
(c) (i) Work out how much longer blackberry roots grow than Scalesia in 2 years. [1]
. . . .
(ii) How do longer roots help blackberry plants to survive better than Scalesia? [1]
. . . .
(d) Conservationists wanted to grow Scalesia plants in a new area on the island. Why
would this take a long time? [1]
. . . .
(e) Suggest one reason why blackberry plants are not eaten by goats. [1]
. . . .
0235 0105
(235-01)
3. (a) Complete the table of human senses using some of the words below: [3]
eye, tongue, hearing, taste, sound, light.
Stimulus Sense
Body organ
sight
chemical
ear
(b) Use words from the list below to complete the sentences. [5]
brain, receptor, impulses, electrical, hormone, respond.
Sense organs are groups of . . . . cells. They . . . .
to stimuli and relay information as . . . . signals called nerve
. . . . to the . . . . .
8
Turn over.
(235-01)
7
BLANK PAGE
0235 0107
(235-01)
4. Read the information about lichens and air pollution.
• Lichens are small plants which grow on trees and buildings.
• Scientists use lichens as indicators of air pollution.
• Air polluted with sulphur dioxide gas can kill lichens because sulphur builds up inside them. Some are more sensitive to air pollution than others.
Lichen indicators
Form of lichen
Flat
Levels of pollution
where lichen is found Low, medium and high Medium and low Low
Leafy Hairy
From this information only:
(a) (i) Name the gas which pollutes the air. [1]
. . . .
(ii) How does this substance kill lichens? [1]
. . . .
(b) (i) Which lichen is best at surviving pollution? [1]
. . . .
(ii) Scientists found much leafy lichen in a woodland but no hairy lichen.
What was the level of pollution? Underline the correct answer. [1]
high medium low
Turn over.
(235-01) 6
9 Examiner
only
(c) In 1994 a town park had only flat lichens but in 2004 scientists found a lot of lichen, shown below, with the scientific name Usnea.
Usnea
(i) How had the level of air pollution changed? [1]
. . . .
(ii) Scientists who speak different languages use scientific names and not common
names for lichens. Why is this? [1]
. . . .
. . . .
(235-01)
5. The hormone insulin is found in the blood. It controls the level of blood glucose.
In an investigation, the level of insulin was measured in Sajid’s blood on one day. During this time he ate a meal.
The results are shown in the table.
Time (min)
Level of insulin (arbitrary units)
0 9
30 9
60 57
90 94
120 43
150 18
Level of Insulin/a.u.
Time/min meal
(a) Plot the results on the graph. Join the plots with a ruler. [3]
The first two have been done for you.
(235-01) Turn over. 8
11 Examiner
only
(b) From the graph
(i) How did the level of insulin change after Sajid ate the meal? [1]
. . . .
(ii) I Write down the level of insulin at 100 minutes [1]
. . . .units
II Work out the decrease in the level of insulin between 100 and 110 minutes.
[1]
Answer . . . .units (c) What effect would insulin have on Sajid’s level of blood glucose? [1]
. . . .
(d) Some people do not produce enough insulin. Name this medical condition. [1]
. . . .
(235-01)
6. When Mendel crossed purple flowered pea plants with white flowered pea plants all the offspring (F1) were purple flowered.
(a) (i) Using the letters R and r to represent the alleles, complete the following gentotypes:
purple flowered pea plant . . . . X white flowered pea plant . . . . [1]
(ii) Complete the Punnett square to show the cross between the purple and white
flowered plants. [2]
Gametes
F1
(b) Construct a Punnett square in the space below to show how two pea plants when crossed together could produce 50% purple flowered and 50% white flowered plants. [2]
(235-01) 6
13 Examiner
only
Turn over.
(c) Mendel carried out his experiments on inheritance in the mid 1800s but the importance of his work was not recognised or understood for another 70 years. In the list below underline the statement that best describes the reason for this. [1]
Mendel didn’t publish his work
DNA and genes hadn’t been discovered
Mendel’s experiments were badly designed
(235-01) 6 7. There is strong evidence that smoking bans are helping to reduce the levels of heart disease
caused by tobacco smoke.
The table shows the number of patients admitted with heart attacks to hospitals run by some Welsh National Health Service Trusts (NHS trusts) between 2005 and 2007.
NHS trust Numbers of patients admitted with heart attacks
2007
4029
2662
1701
2764
2514
% change between 2005 and 2007
Abertawe Bro Morgannwg
2005 2006
Cardiff and Vale
4991 4686 –19
Cwm Taf
2590 2397 +2.7
Gwent Healthcare
2475 2176 –31
Hywel Dda
4455 4203 –37.9
North East Wales
3121 2875 –19.4
931
1343 1428 –30.6
Source: Western Mail
(a) In which of the NHS trusts has there been the greatest reduction in the number of
patients admitted to hospital with heart attacks? [1]
. . . .
(b) How have people’s attitudes to smoking changed over the last 15-20 years? [3]
. . . .
. . . .
. . . .
. . . .
(c) The reduction in the number of people admitted to hospital with heart disease may not be due only to smoking bans.
State two other lifestyle changes which could result in a decrease in the number of cases
of heart attack. [2]
. . . .
. . . .
(235-01) 3
15 Examiner
only
8. The following apparatus was set up to measure the energy content of a piece of food.
Thermometer
Clamp Test-tube
20cm3water
Burning food Needle Wooden handle Heat resistant mat
(a) State two measurements that you must take in order to find the energy content of the
food. [2]
. . . .
. . . .
(b) If you were comparing the energy content of two different foods state one other
measurement that must be taken. [1]
. . . .
