Acknowledgement
Acknowledgement
TheThe author author conveys conveys his his heartfelt gratitude heartfelt gratitude to to the the Director-PDirector-Principal rincipal of of IET IET BHADDALBHADDAL college
college for the efor the encouragement and unstinted support ncouragement and unstinted support given by given by him.him.
The author would like
The author would like to convey heartiest thanks to the to convey heartiest thanks to the CEO of the CEO of the Company INFOWIZ Company INFOWIZ forfor providing such an intensive and extensive training in the project undertaken by me.
providing such an intensive and extensive training in the project undertaken by me.
The
The author acknowledges author acknowledges continuous guidance continuous guidance and and incessant support incessant support rendered by rendered by MrMr Sarabhjit Singh
Sarabhjit Singh Head of Head of the Department the Department of of Computer ScienceComputer Science, not only for this project but, not only for this project but also in my overall career development.
also in my overall career development.
Without the help, guidance and support of Ms.
Without the help, guidance and support of Ms. RajvinderRajvinderunder whose supervision. I had theunder whose supervision. I had the opportunity of working, it would have been absolutely impossible for me to complete the opportunity of working, it would have been absolutely impossible for me to complete the project. Her contribution is profusely acknowledged.
project. Her contribution is profusely acknowledged.
Moral, intellectual and very frequently required support from all the faculty members is also Moral, intellectual and very frequently required support from all the faculty members is also hereby acknowledged.
hereby acknowledged.
Lastly the author would also like to thank each and every person who contributed directly or Lastly the author would also like to thank each and every person who contributed directly or indirectly for completion of this project.
indirectly for completion of this project.
Tanisha saini Tanisha saini CS/o8/8095 CS/o8/8095 Manveer singh Manveer singh CS/08/8043 CS/08/8043
TABLE OF CONTENTS
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Sr.No Particulars
Sr.No Particulars PagePage No
No SignatureSignature
1.
1. Company Profile – Company Profile – Introduction to theIntroduction to the Company
Company 4 -74 -7
2.
2. Front Front EndEnd 88
–
–
19193.
3. Introduction Introduction to to the the projectproject 2020
–
–
24244.
4. Modular Modular description description of of the the projectproject 25-3825-38
5.
5. Detailed Detailed analysis analysis of of individual individual modulemodule (Snapshots)
(Snapshots) 3939
–
–
54546.
6. Introduction Introduction to to SQL SQL ServerServer 55-5655-56
7.
7. Database Database DesignDesign 57-6657-66
8. Testing 8. Testing 6767
–
–
6969 10. Implementation 10. Implementation 70-7370-73 11. Bibliography 11. Bibliography 7474TABLE OF CONTENTS
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Sr.No Particulars
Sr.No Particulars PagePage No
No SignatureSignature
1.
1. Company Profile – Company Profile – Introduction to theIntroduction to the Company
Company 4 -74 -7
2.
2. Front Front EndEnd 88
–
–
19193.
3. Introduction Introduction to to the the projectproject 2020
–
–
24244.
4. Modular Modular description description of of the the projectproject 25-3825-38
5.
5. Detailed Detailed analysis analysis of of individual individual modulemodule (Snapshots)
(Snapshots) 3939
–
–
54546.
6. Introduction Introduction to to SQL SQL ServerServer 55-5655-56
7.
7. Database Database DesignDesign 57-6657-66
8. Testing 8. Testing 6767
–
–
6969 10. Implementation 10. Implementation 70-7370-73 11. Bibliography 11. Bibliography 7474CHAPTER-1 COMPANY PROFILE
CHAPTER-1 COMPANY PROFILE
1.1 INTRODUCTION TO THE COMPANY
1.1 INTRODUCTION TO THE COMPANY
INFOWIZ is an ISO certified
INFOWIZ is an ISO certified company. It has been working from more than 5
company. It has been working from more than 5 years
years
in the field of IT and Web Development and has been providing its clients with its
in the field of IT and Web Development and has been providing its clients with its
exceptional and quality Web Design, Development and SEO
exceptional and quality Web Design, Development and SEO services. Our clients
services. Our clients
range from individuals to professionals and small, medium and large
range from individuals to professionals and small, medium and large scaled
scaled
Businesses. In 2008, INFOWIZ entered into IT
Businesses. In 2008, INFOWIZ entered into IT outsourcing and partnered
outsourcing and partnered
successfully with many offshore web and SEO companies of US, UK, France,
successfully with many offshore web and SEO companies of US, UK, France,
Ireland, Canada, and Australia etc. to
Ireland, Canada, and Australia etc. to provide them quality and timely services.
provide them quality and timely services.
INFOWIZ does not boost it
INFOWIZ does not boost it self of being the
self of being the best Development Company but
best Development Company but
automatically enjoys reputable position among top
automatically enjoys reputable position among top Web Development companies
Web Development companies
because we of
because we of our timely delivery and quality work. We don‟t claim for
our timely delivery and quality work. We don‟t claim for something
something
we can‟t deliver. Before taking a project from a client, we ask for all his needs and
we can‟t deliver. Before taking a project from a client, we ask for all his needs and
requirements. After that our skilled team of professionals analyze the
requirements. After that our skilled team of professionals analyze the needs and
needs and
comes up with a plan as
comes up with a plan as how we can work to completely satisfy those requirements
how we can work to completely satisfy those requirements
of our clients. We then work step by step keeping our client informed about the
of our clients. We then work step by step keeping our client informed about the
progress and complete the project in ti
progress and complete the project in time giving complete contentment to them.
me giving complete contentment to them.
From concept building to implementation of any project, our team
From concept building to implementation of any project, our team manages the
manages the
projects efficiently up to its completion. Our tactful strategy and dedication towards
projects efficiently up to its completion. Our tactful strategy and dedication towards
quality work has given us the recognition we enjoy and that is why our clients only
quality work has given us the recognition we enjoy and that is why our clients only
come back to us whenever they require any kind of web related solutions. We do not
come back to us whenever they require any kind of web related solutions. We do not
only emphasize on formulating an attractive solution to our
only emphasize on formulating an attractive solution to our clients, but we believe in
clients, but we believe in
providing a workable solution.INFOWIZ offers research based
providing a workable solution.INFOWIZ offers research based Search Engine
Search Engine
Marketing products that help achieve greater insights to
Marketing products that help achieve greater insights to your online business. Our
your online business. Our
Research & Development arm offers SEO tools
Research & Development arm offers SEO tools for SEM professionals.
for SEM professionals.
INFOWIZ is an organization which is
INFOWIZ is an organization which is established in the field of VLSI
established in the field of VLSI-VHDL,
-VHDL,
Embedded systems, PHP, .NET, Web Designing, Web
Embedded systems, PHP, .NET, Web Designing, Web Development, Network
Development, Network
Support and Network training. We provide Support and training in
Support and Network training. We provide Support and training in the field of
the field of
Programm
Programming Languages,
ing Languages, Embedded systems (Micro controller based design,
Embedded systems (Micro controller based design,
Electronics system design),VLSI-VHDL and Networking solution.
Electronics system design),VLSI-VHDL and Networking solution.
INFOWIZ also provides Technical Research & Development support and
INFOWIZ also provides Technical Research & Development support and
consultancy to some Electronics companies like Sagitech solutions Panchkula, Jarc
consultancy to some Electronics companies like Sagitech solutions Panchkula, Jarc
infotech Mohali etc.
1.4 PROFILE OF PROBLEM
1.4 PROFILE OF PROBLEM
Problem Definition
Problem Definition
Problem Definition is an initial investigation, which defines the problem that led to
Problem Definition is an initial investigation, which defines the problem that led to
user request. One must know what the problem is before it can solved. It states the
user request. One must know what the problem is before it can solved. It states the
objectives the user is trying to achieve and the result the result that the user wants to
objectives the user is trying to achieve and the result the result that the user wants to
see. It gives more stress on logical requirements of the problem rather than the
see. It gives more stress on logical requirements of the problem rather than the
physical requirements. Need of the user is identified and the problem definition is
physical requirements. Need of the user is identified and the problem definition is
the verification of the user requirements. So the user is asked to thoroughly explain
the verification of the user requirements. So the user is asked to thoroughly explain
the problem that is to solve. And an initial investigation is carried out.
the problem that is to solve. And an initial investigation is carried out.
KEY QUESTION: What is the
KEY QUESTION: What is the problem or opportunity?
problem or opportunity?
RESULT: Statement of scope and objective.
RESULT: Statement of scope and objective.
In my project “Online Test”.
In my project “Online Test”.Testsare a form of distance learning. The tests are
Testsare a form of distance learning. The tests are
portable and available where ever you are. You don't have to go anywhere to take
portable and available where ever you are. You don't have to go anywhere to take
the test, it comes to you. You can access an online test at the time and place, which
the test, it comes to you. You can access an online test at the time and place, which
is most convenient to you. You can move anywhere, and still access the online test.
is most convenient to you. You can move anywhere, and still access the online test.
During the initial investigation the
During the initial investigation the following problems were discovered:
following problems were discovered:
In manual system I have discovered that organization has to do lot of
In manual system I have discovered that organization has to do lot of
maintenance of student records with respect to different courses as well as
maintenance of student records with respect to different courses as well as
packages.
packages.
The second was that result is not out immediately after test.
The second was that result is not out immediately after test.
Most of the time spends in evaluation.
Most of the time spends in evaluation.
The staff and infrastructure cost is very high.
The staff and infrastructure cost is very high.
Large number of domains to handle.
Large number of domains to handle.
CHAPTER-2 FRONT END
2.1 INTRODUCTION TO VISUAL STUDIO
2.1.1 The .NET Framework
The .NET Framework is a multi-language environment for building, deploying, and running XML Web services and applications.
The .NET Framework is a new computing platform that simplifies application development in the highly distributed environment of the Internet. The .NET Framework is designed to fulfill the following objectives:
To provide a consistent object-oriented programming environment whether object code is
stored and executed locally, executed locally but Internet-distributed, or executed remotely.
To provide a code-execution environment that minimizes software deployment and
versioning conflicts.
To provide a code-execution environment that guarantees safe execution of code, including
code created by an unknown or semi-trusted third party.
To provide a code-execution environment that eliminates the performance problems of
scripted or interpreted environments.
To make the developer experience consistent across widely varying types of applications,
such as Windows-based applications and Web-based applications.
To build all communication on industry standards to ensure that code based on the .NET
Framework can integrate with any other code.
It consists of three main parts:
Common Language Runtime Despite its name, the runtime actually has a role in both a
component's runtime and development time experiences. While the component is running, the runtime is responsible for managing memory allocation, starting up and stopping threads and processes, and enforcing security policy, as well as satisfying any dependencies that the component might have on other components. At development time, the runtime's role changes slightly; because it automates so much (for example, memory management), the runtime makes the developer's experience very simple, especially when compared to COM as it is today. In particular, features such as reflection dramatically reduce the amount of code a developer must write in order to turn business logic into a reusable component.
Unified programming classes The framework provides developers with a unified,
object-oriented, hierarchical, and extensible set of class libraries (APIs). Currently, C++ developers wee the Microsoft Foundation Classes and Java developers wee the Windows Foundation Classes. The framework unifies these disparate models and give Visual Basic and Script programmers access to class libraries as well. By creating a common set of APIs across all programming languages, the common language runtime enables cross-language
inheritance, error handling, and debugging. All programming languages, from Script to C++, have similar access to the framework and developers are free to choose the language that they want to use.
ASP.NET ASP.NET builds on the programming classes of the .NET Framework,
providing a Web application model with a set of controls and infrastructure that make it simple to build ASP Webapplications. ASP.NET includes a set of controls that encapsulate common HTML user interface elements, such as text boxes and drop-down menus. These controls run on the Web server, however, and push their user interface as HTML to the browser. On the server, the controls expose an object-oriented programming model that brings the richness of object-oriented programming to the Web developer. ASP.NET also provides infrastructure services, such as session state management and process recycling that further reduces the amount of code a developer must write and increase application reliability. In addition, ASP.NET uses these same concepts to enable developers to deliver software as a service. Using XML Web services features; ASP.NET developers can write their business logic and wee the ASP.NET infrastructure to deliver that service via SOAP. For more information, see Soap Community Links.
Server-side managed code
Figure 2.1
ASP.NET is the hosting environment that enables developers to wee the .NET Framework to target Web-based applications. However, ASP.NET is more than just a runtime host; it is a complete architecture for developing Web sites and Internet-distributed objects using managed code. Both Web Forms and XML Web services wee IIS and ASP.NET as the publishing mechanism for applications, and both have a collection of supporting classes in the .NET Framework.
The application we will build is a simple data application with lookup and edit. We will build both a Windows and Web-based client to display the Authors table from the SQL Server Pubs sample database. For the Web portion, we will see the Web Forms Designer to create a Web page that is compatible with a standard HTML 3.2 browser. On the server, the Web Forms code will call an XML Web service to retrieve data that contains Authors information from the database. For the Windows portion, we will build a Windows application that will communicate with this same XML Web service to retrievea dataset containing the author information. Communication with the XML Web service is handled using HTTP and XML.
ASP.NET is a managed framework that facilitates building server-side applications based on HTTP, HTML, XML and SOAP. To .NET developers, ASP.NET is a platform that provides one-stop shopping for all application development that requires the processing of HTTP requests.
ASP.NET is a compiled, .NET-based environment; you can author applications in any .NET compatible language, including Visual Basic .NET, C#, and JScript .NET. Additionally, the entire .NET Framework is available to any ASP.NET application. Developers can easily access the benefits of these technologies, which include the managed common language runtime environment, type safety, inheritance, and so on.
ASP.NET is a web application framework developed and marketed by Microsoft to allow programmers to build dynamic web sites, web applications and web services. It was first released in January 2002 with version 1.0 of the .NET Framework, and is the successor to Microsoft's Active Server Pages (ASP) technology. ASP.NET is built on the Common Language Runtime (CLR), allowing programmers to write ASP.NET code using any supported .NET language.
The Following Diagrams explains in
2.2 ASP.NET ARCHITECTURE
ASP.NET is based on the fundamental architecture of .NET Framework. Visual studio provides a uniform way to combine the various features of this Architecture.
Fig 3.5.2a
2.3 MICROSOFT SQL SERVER
Microsoft SQL Server is a full-featured relational database management system (RDBMS) that offers a variety of administrative tools to ease the burdens of database development, maintenance and administration. In this article, we'll cover six of the more frequently used tools: Enterprise Manager, Query Analyzer, SQL Profiler, Service Manager, Data Transformation Services and Books Online.
2.3.1 COMPONENTS OF SQL SERVER
Enterprise Manager: It is the main administrative console for SQL Server installations. It
provides you with a graphical "birds-eye" view of all of the SQL Server installations on your network..
Query Analyzer: It offers a quick and dirty method for performing queries against any of
your SQL Server databases. It's a great way to quickly pull information out of a database in response to a user request, test queries before implementing them in other applications, create/modify stored procedures and execute administrative tasks.
SQL Profiler: It provides a window into the inner workings of your database. You can monitor many different event types and observe database performance in real time. SQL Profiler allows
Service Manager: It is used to control the MS-SQL Server (the main SQL Server process), MSDTC (Microsoft Distributed Transaction Coordinator) and SQL Server Agent processes. An icon for this service normally resides in the system tray of machines running SQL Server. You can use Service Manager to start, stop or pause any one of these services.
Data Transformation Services (DTS): It provides an extremely flexible method for importing and exporting data between a Microsoft SQL Server installation and a large variety of other formats. Books Online: Itis an often overlooked resource provided with SQL Server that contains answers to a variety of administrative, development and installation issues. It's a great resource to consult before turning to the Internet or technical support.
2.4 HTML (HYPERTEXT MARKUP LANGUAGE)
Filename extension .html, .htm Internet media type text/html
Type code TEXT
Type of format Mark-up language
Extended from SGML
Extended to XHTML
HTML, an initialism of Hypertext Markup Language, is the predominant markup language for Web pages. It provides a means to describe the st ructure of textbased information in a document -by denoting certain text as links , headings, paragraphs, lists, and so on - and to supplement that text with interactive forms, embedded images, and other objects. HTML is written in the form of tags, surrounded by angle brackets. HTML can also describe , to some degree, the appearance and semantics of a document, and can include embedded scripting language code (such as Ja vaScript) which can affect the behaviour of We b browsers and other HTML processors. Files and URLs containing HTML often have a .html or .htm filename extension.
2.5 INTRODUCTION TO ADO.NET
ADO.NET consists of two primary parts:
Data provider: These classes provide access to a data source, such as a Microsoft SQL Server or Oracle database and OLEDB data provider. Each data source has its own set of provider objects, but they each have a common set of utility classes:
Connection: Provides a connection used to communicate with the data source. Also acts as an abstract factory for command objects.
Command:Used to perform some action on the data source, such as reading, updating, or deleting relational data.
Parameter: Describes a single parameter to a command. A common example is a parameter to a stored procedure.
Data Adapter: A bridge used to transfer data between a data source and a Dataset object (see below).
Data Reader: Used to efficiently process a large list of results one record at a time. It allows records to be accessed in a read-only, forward-only mode, i.e., records have to be accessed in sequential order; they can neither be randomly accessed nor can a record which has been processed previously be accessed again.
Datasets
Dataset objects, a group of classes describing a simple in-memory relational database, were the star of the show in the initial release (1.0) of the Microsoft .NET Framework. The classes form a containment hierarchy:
A DataSet object represents a schema (either an entire database or a subset of one). It can contain tables and relationships between those tables.
A DataTable object represents a single table in the database. It has a name, rows, and columns. A DataView object "sits over" a DataTable and sorts the data (much like a SQL "order by" clause) and filters the records (much like a SQL "where" clause) if a filter is set. An in-memory index is used to facilitate these operations. All Data Tables have a default filter, while any number of additional Data Views can be defined, reducing interaction with the underlying database and thus improving performance.
A DataRow object represents a single row in the table, and allows reading and updating of the values in that row, as well as retrieving any rows that are related to it through a primary-key foreign-key relationship.
A DataRowView represents a single row of a DataView. The distinction between a DataRow and Data Row View is important when iterating over a result set.
A Data Relation is a relationship between tables, such as a primary-key foreign-key relationship. This is useful for enabling Data Row‟s functionality of retrieving related rows.
A Constraint describes an enforced property of the database, such as the uniqueness of the values in a primary key column. As data is modified any violations that arise will cause exceptions.
2.6 SYSTEM DESIGN
It is the process of developing specifications for a candidate system that meet the criteria established in the system analysis. The plan of the project provides a review of the different modules in which the project is divided. The modules are designed and tested individually and then merged together to form an integrated project.
ENTITIES
1) Fieldname with an asterix * shows the valid fields. 2) Fieldname underlined shows the foreign key usage
2.7 IMPLEMENTATION
TECHNOLOGICAL SPECIFICATIONS
INTERFACES
Interfaces are a common concept in object-oriented programming. From the Java documentation: In English, an interface is a device or a system that unrelated entities use to interact. According to this definition, a remote control is an interface between you and a television set, the English language is an interface between two people, and the protocol of behavior enforced in the military is the interface between people of different ranks. Within [an object-oriented] ... programming language, an interface ... is a device that unrelated objects use to interact with each other. An interface is probably most analogous to a protocol (an agreed on behavior). ...
You use an interface to define a protocol of behavior that can be implemented by any class anywhere in the class hierarchy. Interfaces are useful for the following:
Capturing similarities among unrelated classes without artificially forcing a class relationship. Declaring methods that one or more classes are expected to implement.
Revealing an object's programming interface without revealing its class.
.NET provides an interface type that you can use to formally spell out a list of
member signatures. Any class that implements an interface must implement the list of member signatures defined by the interface. This assists quality control by enforcing the class members to use the same names. It also assists flexibility by providing interface polymorphism, which is similar to polymorphism with base classes. Although an interface is similar to a base class, it is also very different. They are similar in that:
Both provide structure to another class that uses them Both can be used for polymorphism
Interfaces are different than base classes in that:
A class can inherit only one base class, but it can implement many interfaces A base class can contain implementation, an interface cannot
Interfaces can only contain Methods, Properties, Indexers, and Events. They cannot contain fields or constants (which are used for implementation)
CLASSES:
One of the many benefits of object-oriented programming is that it allows for reuse of logic. For example, classes can be created that contain a base level of functionality. These base classes can then be extended through inheritance to create new classes that encompass the functionality of the base class along with any custom logic needed. The end result is that as a developer, once the base class has been created, you can extend and enhance the functionality of the base class with minimal effort.
Since the .NET Framework is built upon the principles of object-oriented programming (OOP), it's no surprise that ASP.NET borrows heavily from the tenets of OOP, one such tenet being inheritance. The base functionality for all ASP.NET pages is spelled out by the Page class in the System.Web.UI namespace. This class defines the essential properties, methods, and events for an
The intrinsic objects - Response, Request, Session, and so on, Common properties - IsPostBack, IsValid, and others,
While all ASP.NET pages must be derived from the Page class, they need not be directly derived. That is, an ASP.NET page may extend a class that, itself, extends the Page class. In fact, when using the code-behind model for creating ASP.NET pages the actual ASP.NET page is derived from the code-behind class, with the code-behind class being derived from the Page class.
STORED PROCEDURES:
Stored procedures are extremely similar to the constructs seen in other programming languages. They accept data in the form of input parameters that are specified at execution time. These input parameters (if implemented) are utilized in the execution of a series of statements that produce some result. This result is returned to the calling environment through the use of a record set, output parameters and a return code. That may sound like a mouthful, but you‟ll find that stored procedures are actually quite simple.
STATE MANAGEMENT:
Web form pages are HTTP-Based, they are stateless, which means th ey don‟t know whether the requests are all from the same client, and pages are destroyed and recreated with each round trip to the server, therefore information will be lost, therefore state management is really an issue in developing web applications.
Mainly there are two different ways to manage web page‟s state:
Client-side state management:
There is no information maintained on the server between round trips. Information will be storedin the page or on the client‟s computer.
COOKIES:
A cookie is a small amount of data stored either in a text file on the client's file system or in-memory in the client browser session. Cookies are mainly used for tracking data settings. Let‟s take an example: say we want to customize a welcome web page, when the user request the default web page, the application first detect if the user has login before, we can retrieve user information from the cookies.
HIDDEN FIELD
A hidden field does not render visibly in the browser, but you can set its properties just as you can with a standard control. When a page is submitted to the server, the content of a hidden field is sent in the HTTP Form collection along with the values of other controls. A hidden field acts as a repository for any page-specific information that you would like to store directly in the page. Hidden field stores a single variable in its value property and must be explicitly added it to the page. ASP.NET provides the Html Input Hidden control that offers hidden field functionality.
QUERY STRING
Query strings provide a simple but limited way of maintaining some state information. You can easily pass information from one page to another, But most browsers and client devices impose a 255-character limit on the length of the URL. In addition, the query values are exposed to the Internet via the URL so in some cases security may be an issue. A URL with
Query strings may look like this:
http://www.examples.com/list.aspx?categoryid=1&productid=101
SESSION OBJECT
Session object can be used for storing session-specific information that needs to be maintained between server round trips and between requests for pages. Session object is per-client basis, which means different clients generate different session object. The ideal data to store in session-state variables is short-lived, sensitive data that is specific to an individual. Each active ASP.NET session is identified and tracked using a 120-bit Session ID string containing URL-legal ASCII characters. Session ID values are generated using an algorithm that guarantees uniqueness so that sessions do not collide, and Session ID‟s randomness makes it
harder to guess the session ID of an existing session.
Session IDs are communicated across client-server requests either by an HTTP cookie or a modified URL, depending on how you set the application's configuration settings.
DATABASE
Database enables you to store large amount of information pertaining to state in your Web application. Sometimes users continually query the database by using the unique ID, you can save it in the database for use across multiple request for the pages in your site.
JAVASCRIPT
ASP.NET is a server-based platform, which means the code you write executes on the web server instead of in the client's browser. This approach ensures that your code is kept secure from prying eyes, and it sidesteps most browser-compatibility issues. However, it also introduces some unavoidable limitations.
For example, the ASP.NET web page model doesn't provide any way to react to events, such as a user's mouse movements. In this case, the overhead of sending the page back to the server after every mouse movement would make the web page unworkably slow. Similarly, because your code can't interact directly with the browser, it can't display pop-up windows or manage multiple frames in a frameset in the same way a snippet of client-side JavaScript could.
To compensate for these limitations, ASP.NET developers often need to mix a little JavaScript code into their ASP.NET web pages. This is most commonly the case with custom controls. For example, many menu controls allow the user to browse through multiple menu levels without forcing the page to be posted back to the server every time a new level is shown.
2.8 CONTROLS
As you saw in the Hello World example, controls are the building blocks of the web page‟s graphical user interface (GUI). Some controls that you are probably familiar with include buttons, checkboxes, and listboxes.Controls allows a user to indicate a preference, enter data, or make selections. They can also provide support for validation, data manipulation, and security, or help to ensure a uniform look and feel to the application. There are several types of web controls:
HTMLcontrols
The original controls available to any HTML page, such as input (for entering data), a (anchor), div (for separating and applying format to a section), and more. These all work in ASP.NET exactly as they work in other web pages.
ASP.NET server controls
Microsoft created the ASP.NET server controls to accomplish two complementary aims. The first was to “normalize” the HTML controls so that the programme would have a more consistent interaction with the control; the second was to add an extensive and rich set of powerful controls such as data grids, calendars, ad rotators, and more.
ASP.NET AJAX server controls
ASP.NET AJAX server controls enjoy all the benefits of ASP.NET server controls, such as drag-and-drop operation and a declarative programming model.
However, they also include added client-side functionality, helping you to create a smooth and snappy user interface.
ASP.NET
The heart of ASP.NET programming is the ASP.NET server control. With the exception of tables, the traditional HTML controls are replaced by their equivalent ASP.NET controls, both for convenience and flexibility. For example, instead of using a traditional HTML input control, you will use instead an ASP.NET TextBoxcontrol. In addition to standard form elements, such as text boxes, labels, buttons, and checkboxes, ASP.NET controls include several broad categories that provide rich functionality with very little code. These include: Validation controls Often, a given field requires a specific format or range of data to be valid. Many of these validation routines are similar and used in many placesMicrosoft provides a full range of built-in validation controls. Chapter 5 discusses these controls in detail. Data source controls Data binding to a variety of data sources, including Microsoft SQL Server and Access, and other relational databases, XML files, and classes implemented in code.
Data view controls
Various types of lists and tables that can bind to a data source for display and editing. Login & security controls
CHAPTER-3 INTRODUCTION TO THE PROJECT
3.1 PROJECT TITLE: ONLINE TEST FOR CERTIFICATION
An Online Test is one wherein a student answers, questions of the test online. The submitted answers are evaluated by the Test software and the results are available immediately. This saves the evaluation time. Besides this a large amount of details like Test trends can be made available immediately if required.
The Online Test Software has several modules in it . Practically for a system to be used on the internet it will have the students details module, student authorization module, subjects and questions management, question paper management, evaluation system and generation of results as well as student answer books.
The Online Test are well suited for multiple choice type questions. Here a question is given and the student has to select the correct answer out of the four given choices. A typical question is shown in the introduction. After the student finishes answering the question paper he submits it by clicking on the submit button. The software then processes the answers and awards the marks depending on the marking scheme of the software, usually one mark is awarded for a correct answer and zero for a wrong one, but in some cases negative marks may also be awarded for a wrong answer.
As soon as the student submits the answers, the administrator of the system can get the results instantly and depending on the features several other data as well. This may include the overall trends of the test, the time taken by the student to answer, the number of students passing in each section of a particular subjects and so on.
3.2 REQUIREMENTS OF THE CLIENT:
Man-less interface should be designed which can perform with directions all the time i.e. 24*7.
The interface should be available to all with certain level of access restrictions like user cannot have access to the administrator‟s data.
Every single individual gets the knowledge according to the specified course and test only. Big organization can manage their users at their end.
3.3 KEY FEATURES OF SOLUTION:
The solution designed for the client will be a web based portal accessible anywhere anytime and by anybody.
The knowledge base should be unlimited.
Restricted and facilitated access to all or selected i.e. some data is only accessible to administrator.
3.4 DESIGN OF THE SOLUTION:
While designing the solution according to the requirements of the client we make the following five modules of our project:
ADMIN CONSOLE
WEB INTERFACE
ORGANIZATION LOGIN
END USER LOGIN
MIS(Management Information System)
3.4.1 ADMIN CONSOLE:
This module provides the information used by the company. Admin console includes all the other modules like:
a) Web content- It contains information about company policy, terms & conditions, mission/vision, contact of the company and feedback.
b) Regional content- It contains information about countries, states, cities and educational organizations.
c) Course content- It contains Q/A, videos, images, assignment sheets, tests of the respective courses and subjects.
d) Packages – The packages can be single organization package and test package(user packages).
3.4.2 WEB INTERFACE:
This is the presentation or advertisement layer of the project and is accessible to all. It contains the following content:
a) Homepage – This page contains the list of offered courses , number of registered users , new courses added , new packages added link to demo/test/content.
b) Information layer – It contains about us page, company contact, mission/vision of the company.
c) Content layer- It contains the index of countries, index of courses and tests, take a demo.
d) Registration layer- It contains index of plans, payment methods, registration form.
3.4.3 ORGANIZATION LOGIN:
This is the login of the organization on the company website. It contains: a) The number of unregistered users.
b) The number of registered users and their validity period. c) Users registration.
d) Links to all user‟s content
e) Group reporting i.e. student browsing history, test results, certificate generation and email results to users.
3.4.4 END USER LOGIN:
This is the end user login i.e. the content available on the end- user‟s page: a) Login valid up to (time period).
b) Number of test credits available. c) Number of tests already appeared. d) New content added (links).
e) Profile picture.
f) Download option (related to user course and test). g) View contents (related to user added subjects). h) Appear for test (related subjects).
i) View results history.
3.4.5 MIS:
A management information system (MIS) is a system that provides information needed to manage organizations effectively.Management information systems are distinct from regular information systems in that they are used to analyze other information systems applied in operational activities in the organization. MIS consists of:
a) Pi chart (max or min usage in countries etc, max or min usage of which course, test etc.)
b) Bar chart (max or min usage in countries etc, max or min usage of course, test etc.)
3.5 TYPE OF
TEST:-3.5.1 Sample
Test:-This Test contains some questions which the students have to complete within 10 minutes and this test is also known as demo test.
3.5.2 Premium
Test:-In this the organization prepares the Test for the user in which he /she has to attempt within time duration fixed.
3.6 ADVANTAGES OF ONLINE TEST
The various advantages of online Tests are asfollows:- Physical presence at a given location is absolutely not necessary. No time is spent on evaluation.
The time of starting and completion of Test can be recorded at the server and the
student cannot manipulate the same
Even for subjects that the actual Test that will not be conducted online students can be
given extensive practice and training by holding online Mock Tests.
Almost all competitive exams are multiple choice types and these can be easily
conducted online, for example GCET - Goa Common Entrance Test held to shortlist candidates for medical and engineering courses.
3.7 MAJOR ACTIVITIES OF NEW PROPOSED SYSTEM:
All the required information is available on one screen.3.7.1 Easy
updating:-Everything is stored in the computer database, so it is easy to update.
3.7.2 Time and retrieval of
data:-Retrieval of information is not time consuming because data is stored in computer and computer is made to work faster.
3.7.3 No storage
problem:-In computers a data is stored in for long period as many as you want so no damage of data with time, due to any environmental factors.
3.7.4 No wastage of
3.8 HARDWARE REQUIREMENTS:
3.8.1 Pentium IV processor,2.66GHz or above. 3.8.2 System with RAM of 2GB.
3.8.3 Minimum of 20GB Hard Disk Space. 3.8.4 Colored Monitor with a Pointing device.
3.9 SOFTWARE REQUIREMENTS:
3.9.1 Front end: Asp.Net3.9.2 Back end: Microsoft SQL Server 2008
3.9.3 Platform used: Microsoft Window XP/ Windows 7 3.9.4 Web Browser: IE6.0,7.0 , Mozilla or Chrome.
Admin Panel Web Portal Organization Login Student/Professio nal Login MIS Regions 1. Country Setup 2. State Setup 3. City Setup 4. Educational Organization Setup Contents 1. Course Setup 2. Subject Setup 3. Q/A Setup 4. Tutorials 5. Videos/Links Packages 1. Organization Package 2. User Package 3. Test Package Web Content 1. History 2. Mission 3. Expertise 4. FAQs 5. About Us 6. Contact Us Login Validations 1. Organization Validation 2. User validation Site Information 1. History 2. Mission 3. Expertise 4. FAQs 5. About Us 6. Contact Us Professional Information 1. Linked Educational Organization List 2. Courses Offered List 3. Package Selection Help 4. Package Selection List 5. Registration Form Demo 1. Demo Content 2. Demo Test 3. Demo Videos/Links 4. Demo Tutorials Pending User Information Register Users 1. Assign User 2. Assign Package View Records of Registered Users 1. Test Result Basis 2. Content Record Basis Re-buy Package Pending/Unu sed Credits Course Content Tests 1. Test Selection List 2. Take Test 3. Test Check and Marks Obtained Videos/Tutor ials Download Previous Test History Renew Package About Access Packages and Courses 1. For Organization Packages 2. For User Packages 3. For Test Packages 4. For Downloads About Content and Tests 1. Acc. to marks obtained in tests by users
CHAPTER-4 MODULAR DESCRIPTION OF THE PROJECT
4.1 FEASIBILITY STUDY
After recognizing the need of the system, a feasibility study is conducted to test the system proposal according to its workability, effect on the organization, ability to meet the user needs and effective use of resources. The objective is not to solve the problem but to acquire a since of its scope, during the problem, definition have been crystallized, the estimation of cost and benefits will be estimated.
4.1.1 The proposal summarizes what is going to be done. It consists of the
following:
a) STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM: - The Result calculation which is being done manually at present.
b) SUMMARY OF FINDINGS AND RECOMMENDATIONS: -The major objective while studying the problem undertaken, including finding about the working methodologies of the college.
4.1.2 Recommendations in my subject are
-A) The project would be very simple and user friendly package and would be easy to handle by an operator who does not have enough knowledge about the internal routines and procedures used. Also the depot would be able to use it for looking up for the details of the students including the information required by the any person and save its time.
B) A backup would be maintained to be used incase of any failures of original data so there is no problem for the customer as well as the depot authorities.
In the conduct of the feasibility study, the analyst will usually consider seven distinct, but inter-related types of feasibility. They are:
1. Technical feasibility 2. Operational feasibility 3. Economic feasibility 4. Social feasibility
6. Legal feasibility 7. Time feasibility
4.1.2.1 Technical Feasibility
This is concerned with specifying equipment and software that will successfully satisfy the user requirement. The technical needs of the system may vary considerably, but might include:
The facility to produce outputs in a given time. Response time under certain conditions.
Ability to process a certain volume of transaction at a particular speed. Facility to communicate data to distant location.
In examining technical feasibility, configuration of the system is given more importance than the actual make of hardware. The configuration should give the complete picture about the system's requirements: How many workstations are required, how these units are interconnected so that they could operate and communicate smoothly. What speeds of input and out- put should be achieved at particular quality of printing. This can be used as a basis for the tender document against which dealers and manufacturers can later make their equipment bids. Specific hardware and software products can then be evaluated keeping in view with the logical needs.
At the feasibility stage, it is desirable that two or three different configurations will be pursued that satisfy the key technical requirements but which represent different levels of ambition and cost. Investigation of these technical alternatives can be aided by approaching a range ofsuppliers for preliminary discussions. Out of all types of feasibility, technical feasibility generally is the most difficult to determine.
As in this system, we have to develop a client-server application on the web, so java is the best option for such an application. Here we can add no. of clients to the server without much affecting the speed of the system.
4.1.2.2 Operational Feasibility
It is mainly related to human organizational and political aspects. The points to be considered are:
What changes will be brought with the system? What organizational structures are disturbed? What new skills will be required?
If not, can they be trained in due course of time?
Generally project will not be rejected simply because of operational infeasibility but such considerations are likely to critically affect the nature and scope of the eventual recommendations. This feasibility study is carried out by a small group of people who are familiar with in- formation system techniques, who understand the parts of the business that are relevant to the project and are skilled in system analysis and design process.
The Employee Management Matrix system is very easy to operate. It is very user friendly and no one will face any problem from switching manual system to this web based application.
4.1.2.3 Economic Feasibility
Economic analysis is the most frequently used technique for evaluating the effectiveness of a proposed system. More commonly known as cost / benefit analysis; the procedure is to determine the benefits and savings that are expected from a proposed system and compare them with costs. If benefits outweigh costs, a decision is taken to design and implement the system. Otherwise, further justification or alternative in the proposed system will have to be made if it is to have achance of
being approved. This is an ongoing effort that improves in accuracy at each phase of the system life cycle.
4.1.2.4 Social Feasibility
Social feasibility is a determination of whether a proposed project will be acceptable to the people or not. This determination typically examines the probability of the project being accepted by the group directly affected by the proposed system change.
As Employee Management Matrix system is very user friendly, so people will accept it without any problem.
4.1.2.5 Management Feasibility
It is a determination of whether a proposed project will be acceptable to management. If management does not accept a project or gives a negligible support to it, the analyst will tend to view the project as a non-feasible one.
The Employee Management Matrix System is very useful for the managerial level. They can come to know about the status of employees working on project by just clicking a link. Also they can check that they have what number of employees of a particular skill set.
4.1.2.6 Legal Feasibility
Legal feasibility is a determination of whether a proposed project infringes on known Acts, Statutes, as well as any pending legislation. Although in some instances the project might appear sound, on closer investigation it may be found to infringe on several legal areas.
4.1.2.7 Time Feasibility
Time feasibility is a determination of whether a proposed project can be implemented fully within a stipulated time frame. If a project takes too much time it is likely to be rejected.
4.2 SOFTWARE REQUIREMENT SPECIFICATION
The software specification is produced at the culmination of the analysis task. The function and performance allocated to software as a peat of system engineering are refined by establishing a complete information description, a detailed functional description, a representation of a system behavior, an indication criteria and other information pertinent to requirement.
The introduction to software requirement specification state the goals and objective of the software, describing it in the context of the computer based system.
This information description provides a detailed description of the problem that the software must solve. Information content, flow and the structure are documented.A description of each function required to solve the problem is presented in the functional description.
A validation criterion is probably the important and ironically the most often neglected section of the software requirement specification.
A requirement is a “function or characteristic of a system that is necessary…the quantifiable and verifiable behaviors that a system must possess and constraints that a system must work within to satisfy an organization‟s objectives and solve a set of problems”.
4.2.1 REQUIREMENTS ARE CLASSIFIED AS FOLLOWS: 4.2.1.1 Functional Requirements
Functional requirements define the fundamental actions that must take place in the software in accepting and processing the inputs and in processing and generating the outputs. These are generally listed, as “shall” statements starting with “The system shall…
These include:
Validity checks on the inputs Exact sequence of operations
Responses to abnormal situation, including a) Overflow
b) Communication facilities c) Error handling and recovery Effect of parameters
Relationship of outputs to inputs, including a) Input/output sequences
4.2.1.2 Nonfunctional requirements
In systems engineering and requirements engineering, non-functional requirements are requirements, which specify criteria that can be used to judge the operation of a system, rather than specific behaviors. This should be contrasted with functional requirements that specify specific behavior or functions. Non-functional requirements are often called qualities of a system. Other terms for non-functional requirements a re “constraints”, “quality attributes”, “quality goals” and “quality of service requirements”. Non-functional requirements can be divided into two main categories.
Execution qualities, such as security and usability, are observable at run time.
Evolution qualities, such as extensibility and scalability, embody in the static structure of the software system.
4.3 REQUIREMENT PROCESS
4.3.1 Requirement Elicitation
This concerned with where software requirements come from and how the software engineer can collect them. It includes requirement sources and elicitation techniques.
Activities
1. Elicit requirements from various individual sources;
2. Insure that the needs of all users are consistent and feasible; and
3. Validate that the requirements so derived are an accurate reflection of user
4.3.2 Requirement Analysis
The very purpose of the analysis is to identify the requirements in a complete, accurate, consistent, and unambiguous manner.
Activities
1. Detect and resolve conflicts between requirements
2. Discover the bounds of the software and how it must interact with its environment 3. Elaborate system requirements to software requirements.
4.3.3 Requirement Specification
Requirements specification typically refers to the production of a document, or its electronic equivalent, that can be systematically reviewed, evaluated, and approved. For complex systems,
particularly those involving substantial non-software components, as many as three different types of documents are produced:
1. System definition,
2. System requirements specification, and 3. Software requirements specification.
Activities
1. Preparation of SRS from the requirements collected
4.3.4 Requirement Validation
Requirements validation is concerned with the process of examining the requirements documents to ensure that they are defining the right system (that is, the system that the user expects). It is subdivided into descriptions of the conduct of requirements reviews, prototyping, and model validation and acceptance tests.
Activities
1. Conduct Review Meetings
2. Closing Issues identified in the review meeting 3. Approval & Kick off
4.3.5 Changes Request Management
On receive of any change list from the client or stakeholders that has to be discussed and reviewed with the team.
Activities
1. Analysis major and minor changes
2. Made corrections in the SRS on approval of CCB.
4.4 DATA FLOW DIAGRAM
A data-flow diagram (DFD) is a graphical representation of the "flow" of data through an information system. DFDs can also be used for the visualization of data processing (structured design).
On a DFD, data items flow from an external data source or an internal data store to an internal data store or an external data sink, via an internal process.
A DFD provides no information about the timing or ordering of processes, or about whether processes will operate in sequence or in parallel. It is therefore quite different from a flowchart,
data will be input to and output from the system, nor where the data will come from and go to, nor where the data will be stored (all of which are shown on a DFD).
In the course of developing a set of levelled data-flow diagrams the analyst/designers is forced to address how the system may be decomposed into component sub-systems, and to identify the transaction data in the data model.
There are different notations to draw data-flow diagrams, defining different visual representations for processes, data stores, data flow, and external entities.[
Data flow diagram ("bubble charts") are directed graphs in which the nodes specify processing activities and the arcs specify data items transmitted between processing nodes.
Developing a data-flow diagram:
Figure 4.4.1
Data-flow diagram example:
Figure 4.4.2.
DFD is also a virtually designable diagram that technically or diagrammatically describes the inflow and outflow of data or information that is provided by the external entity.
Level Zero (DFD)
Level -1 (DFD)
Level-2 Figure 4.4.5 1.0 Admin console 1.1 Web Content 1.2 Regional Content 1.4 User Validations 1.5 Charge Setup 1.3 Course Content About us Contact Mission/ vision Company Policy Terms/ Condition Countries States Cities Organization Course Subjects
Q/A Tutorials Syllabus
Test Test Renewals Org Communication Org charges Individual user charges Test Packages Validations
Figure 4.4.6
2.0 Web Portal
Registration layer Information layer
Home Page Content layer Index of Plan How to join Payment Method Registration form Index of countries Index of subjects Index of Syllabus View Demo About us Mission Vision Number of registered user Link to content List of courses New course Previous courses New Packages Added Feedback Demo Test
CHAPTER -5 SCREEN SHOTS
5.1 ADMIN PORTAL
5.2 WEB PORTAL
5.2.1 USER LOGINCHAPTER-6 INTRODUCTION TO SQL SERVER
6.1 INTRODUCTION TO SQL SERVER
SQL server is an SQL-compliant RDBMS. SQL_compliant means it use the ANSI(American National Standard Institute)version of Structured Query Language or SQL. Structured Query Language is a command that allow us to modify or retrieve information from the database.
Client Server means that SQL Server is designed to store data in the central location (the Server) and deliver it on demand to numerous other locations (the Client). SQL server is also a RDBMS (Relational Database Management System).
6.2 NEW FEATURES IN SQL SERVER 2005/2008:
6.2.1 T-SQL (Transaction SQL) enhancements
T-SQL is the native set-based RDBMS programming language offering high-performance data access. It now incorporates many new features including error handling via the TRY and CATCH paradigm, Common Table Expressions (CTEs), which return a record set in a statement, and the ability to shift columns to rows and vice versa with the PIVOT and UNPIVOT commands.
6.2.2 CLR(Common Language Runtime)
The next major enhancement in SQL Server 2005/2008 is the integration of a .NET compliant language such as C#, ASP.NET or VB.NET to build objects (stored procedures, triggers, functions, etc.). This enables
6.2.3 Service Broker
The Service Broker handles messaging between a sender and receiver in a loosely coupled manner. A message is sent, processed and responded to, completing the transaction. This greatly expands the capabilities of data-driven applications to meet workflow or custom business needs
6.2.4 Data encryption
SQL Server 2000 had no documented or publicly supported functions to encrypt data in a table natively. Organizations had to rely on third-party products to address this need. SQL Server 2008 has native capabilities to support encryption of data stored in user-defined databases.
6.2.5 SMTP mail
Sending mail directly from SQL Server 2000 is possible, but challenging. With SQL Server 2005, Microsoft incorporates SMTP mail to improve the native mail capabilities. Say "see-ya" to Outlook on SQL Server!
6.2.6 HTTP endpoints
You can easily create HTTP endpoints via a simple T-SQL statement exposing an object that can be accessed over the Internet. This allows a simple object to be called across the Internet for the needed data.
6.2.7 Multiple Active Result Sets(MARS)
MARS allow a persistent database connection from a single client to have more than one active request per connection. This should be a major performance improvement, allowing developers to give users new capabilities when working with SQL Server. For example, it allows multiple searches, or a search and data entry. The bottom line is that one client connection can have multiple active processes simultaneously.
6.2.8 Dedicated administrator connection
If all else fails, stop the SQL Server service or push the power button. That mentality is finished with the dedicated administrator connection. This functionality will allow a DBA to make a single diagnostic connection to SQL Server even if the server is having an issue
6.2.9 SQLServer Integration Services(SSIS)
SSIS has replaced DTS (Data Transformation Services) as the primary ETL (Extraction, Transformation and Loading) tool and ships with SQL Server free of charge. This tool, completely rewritten since SQL Server 2000, now has a great deal of flexibility to address complex data movement.
6.2.10 Database mirroring
It's not expected to be released with SQL Server 2005 at the RTM in November, but I think this feature has great potential. Database mirroring is an extension of the native high-availability capabilities.
CHAPTER-7 DATA BASE DESIGN
7.11
7.1 2 CONTACT US 7.1 2 CONTACT US
CHAPTER-8 TESTING
CHAPTER-8 TESTING
PRODUCT
PRODUCT: : A product A product is universally is universally applicable.applicable.
APPLICATION
APPLICATION: An application is user(s) or group(s) of user(s) specific.: An application is user(s) or group(s) of user(s) specific.
TESTING
TESTING: To check / to verify the functionality and specifications.: To check / to verify the functionality and specifications.
QUALITY
QUALITY: To Validate / to ensure / to certify that the product/application is free from bugs.: To Validate / to ensure / to certify that the product/application is free from bugs.
8.1 Black Box Testing (Opaque / Closed Box / Functional Behavioral) 8.1 Black Box Testing (Opaque / Closed Box / Functional Behavioral)
Testing without looking at the code of the application.Testing without looking at the code of the application.
Testing on the basis of functional specifications.Testing on the basis of functional specifications.
Testing from end user point i.e. the real user.Testing from end user point i.e. the real user.
Testing when the application is in running mode.Testing when the application is in running mode.
8.2 White Box Testing (Glass / Structural / Open 8.2 White Box Testing (Glass / Structural / Open box)box)
Code based testing of the Product / Application.Code based testing of the Product / Application.
Typically done by developers having the testing experience.Typically done by developers having the testing experience.
8.3
8.3
SOFTWARE TESTING LIFE CYCLE (STLC)
SOFTWARE TESTING LIFE CYCLE (STLC)
Test effort estimationTest effort estimation. : To study current process followed by client in development / testing.. : To study current process followed by client in development / testing.
System Study / FRS (Functional and Requirement SpSystem Study / FRS (Functional and Requirement Specifications).ecifications).
ReRe
–
–
estimationestimation. : Re. : Re – – estimate the efforts which may differ from preliminary estimate.estimate the efforts which may differ from preliminary estimate. Test planTest plan: Specifies testing methodologies / strategies / pass: Specifies testing methodologies / strategies / pass – – fail criteria / scope / stopfail criteria / scope / stop – –
resumption criteria / resources / scheduling / Risk Analysis. resumption criteria / resources / scheduling / Risk Analysis.
Design and document:Design and document:To identify unit functions.To identify unit functions.
Test Cases:Test Cases: Design test cases to cover functionality / Usability / Performance / Scalability / Design test cases to cover functionality / Usability / Performance / Scalability /
Security etc. Security etc.
Conduct tests and report defects / bugsConduct tests and report defects / bugs: Tests are executed and identified defects are: Tests are executed and identified defects are
classified and reported using defect-tracking tool. classified and reported using defect-tracking tool.
To verify fix/failure of bugsTo verify fix/failure of bugs: Reported bugs are verified as successfully fixed or not.: Reported bugs are verified as successfully fixed or not.
