10.3 The Gas Laws.pptx

VARIABLES OF GAS LAWS

• _{Volume – three-dimensional space that matter}

occupies

• _{Temperature - property of matter which}

reflects the quantity of kinetic energy of the component particles

• _{Pressure – force exerted by particles on a}

specific area

• _{Mole – the unit of counting molecules, atoms}

Temperature

ºF

ºC

K

-459 32 212

-273 0 100

0 273 373

K = ºC + 273

Always use absolute temperature (Kelvin) when working with gases.

Courtesy Christy Johannesson www.nisd.net/communicationsarts/pages/chem



F

32



Boyle’s Law

Condition 1 Condition 2

P₁V₁ = C P₂V₂ = C

Problem Solving

If 35 mL of oxygen gas is compressed fromm

Step 1: Identify the variables (Given)

Given:

Initial Conditions Final Conditions P1 = 1,900 torr P2 = 1.8 atm

V1 = 35 mL V2 = ?

Convert to uniform units

Step 2: Identify what is Required and state

the appropriate equation

Required:

The volume at the final condition (V2)

Equation:

From Boyle’s Law, P1V1 = P2V2 V2 = P1V1

Step 3: Substitute and do the Math

Solution:

V2 = P1V1 P2

= 1900 torr (35 mL) = 48.6111111 ml 1368 torr

Answer:

Your Turn

At constant pressure, the volume of a given gas sample divided by its Kelvin temperature is a constant value.

Initial Condition Final Condition

V1 / T₁= C V2 / T2 = C

Problem Solving

If the temperature of a 12L gas sample increases from 32C to 60C, what will happen to the

Step 1: Identify the variables (Given)

Given:

Initial Conditions Final Conditions T1 = 32C T2 = 60C

V1 = 12L V2 = ?

Convert to standard units

Step 2: Identify what is Required and

state the appropriate equation

Required:

The volume at the final condition (V2)

Equation:

From Charles’ Law, V1/T1 = V2/T2 V2 = T2V1

Step 3: Substitute and do the Math

Solution:

V2 = T2V1 T1

= 333 K (12L) = 13.1016393442 L 305 K

Answer:

Your Turn