Operations Management Operations Management Caterpillar Inc. Caterpillar Inc. Caterpillar Inc. Caterpillar Inc. Amen Mukhlis Amen Mukhlis
Southern New Hampshire University Southern New Hampshire University Running head:
Running head:
Caterpillar Inc. Caterpillar Inc.
abstract abstract The paper investigates the operations and o
The paper investigates the operations and operation management at Caterpillar Inc. In addperation management at Caterpillar Inc. In addition toition to the company's business model and
the company's business model and supply chain that contributed to the sucsupply chain that contributed to the success of thecess of the organization, the company is known
organization, the company is known for its solid operations that has seen Caterpillar Inc. for its solid operations that has seen Caterpillar Inc. IncreaseIncrease their sales and revenues in the times of rescission. As the
their sales and revenues in the times of rescission. As the company was one of company was one of few companies tofew companies to make drastic operational decisions to overcome the
make drastic operational decisions to overcome the state of the economy which resulted in state of the economy which resulted in aa sharp decline in Sales and revenues.
sharp decline in Sales and revenues.
(morningstar, 2012) (morningstar, 2012)
The main objective of the paper is to identify Caterpillar's Operation management model and The main objective of the paper is to identify Caterpillar's Operation management model and investigating
investigating all all the factors the factors that related that related to the to the success of success of this modelthis model
This report will look into caterpillar's financial performance, customer satisfaction and industry This report will look into caterpillar's financial performance, customer satisfaction and industry reviews as indicators for the degree of success of Caterpillar's
Table of contents: Table of contents: Introduction: Introduction: 44 Operations Management at Operations Management at Caterpillar Inc. Caterpillar Inc. 5 5 Caterpillar Operation Caterpillar Operation Management development: Management development: 6 6
Lean thinking at Caterpillar Inc.
Lean thinking at Caterpillar Inc. 88
Implementing six sigma:
Implementing six sigma: 99
Current Six sigma
Current Six sigma 1010
New Six sigma applications at New Six sigma applications at caterpillar Inc.
caterpillar Inc.
11 11
Continuous Product and process Continuous Product and process improvement
improvement
11 11
Caterpillar and Their customer's
Operations Management at Caterpillar Inc. Operations Management at Caterpillar Inc.
Introduction Introduction
Caterpillar Inc.
Caterpillar Inc. is the world's lis the world's leading manufacturer of construction and mining eeading manufacturer of construction and mining equipment,quipment, diesel and natural gas engines, industrial gas turbines and
diesel and natural gas engines, industrial gas turbines and diesel-electric locomotives. Thediesel-electric locomotives. The company
company is a leading services provider is a leading services provider through Caterpillar Financial Services, through Caterpillar Financial Services, CaterpillarCaterpillar Remanufacturing Services, Caterpillar Logistics Services and Progress Rail Services. Remanufacturing Services, Caterpillar Logistics Services and Progress Rail Services.
With 2011 sales and revenues of $60.13
With 2011 sales and revenues of $60.138 billion (Caterpillar, http://www.caterpillar.com/,8 billion (Caterpillar, http://www.caterpillar.com/, 2012) Caterpillar was ranked number one in its industry and number 44 overall in the 2009 2012) Caterpillar was ranked number one in its industry and number 44 overall in the 2009 Fortune 500. Caterpillar stock is a compone
Fortune 500. Caterpillar stock is a component of the Dow Jones Industrial Average Caterpillarnt of the Dow Jones Industrial Average Caterpillar Inc. traces its origins to the 1925 merger of the
Inc. traces its origins to the 1925 merger of the Holt Manufacturing Company and the C. Holt Manufacturing Company and the C. L. BestL. Best Tractor Company, creating a new entit
Tractor Company, creating a new entity, the California based Caterpillar Tractor Company Iny, the California based Caterpillar Tractor Company In 1986, the company re-organized itself as a Delaware corporation under the current name, 1986, the company re-organized itself as a Delaware corporation under the current name, Caterpillar Inc. Caterpillar's headquarters are located in Peoria, Illinois, United States. Caterpillar Inc. Caterpillar's headquarters are located in Peoria, Illinois, United States. (wikipedia.org, 2012)
(wikipedia.org, 2012)
Caterpillar products and components are manufactured in 11
Caterpillar products and components are manufactured in 11 0 facilities worldwide. 51 plants0 facilities worldwide. 51 plants are located in the United
are located in the United States and 59 overseas plants are located States and 59 overseas plants are located in Australia, Belgium, Brazil,in Australia, Belgium, Brazil, Canada, England, France, Germany, Hungary, India, Indonesia, Italy, Japan, Mexico, the
Canada, England, France, Germany, Hungary, India, Indonesia, Italy, Japan, Mexico, the
Netherlands, Northern Ireland, the People's Republic of China, Poland, Russia, Singapore, South Netherlands, Northern Ireland, the People's Republic of China, Poland, Russia, Singapore, South Africa and Sweden.
Africa and Sweden.
Caterpillar's historical manufacturing home is in Peoria, Illinois, which is also the location o Caterpillar's historical manufacturing home is in Peoria, Illinois, which is also the location o f f Caterpillar's world headquarters and core research and developmen
Caterpillar's world headquarters and core research and developmen t activities. (wikipedia.org,t activities. (wikipedia.org, 2012).
Operations Management at Caterpillar Inc. Operations Management at Caterpillar Inc.
Caterpillar Inc. Has adopted a unique management concept by dividing their departments Caterpillar Inc. Has adopted a unique management concept by dividing their departments into main departments
into main departments and having an Operations research and evaluatiand having an Operations research and evaluation unit for each of theiron unit for each of their main departments.
main departments.
The caterpillar management system define their different departments and
The caterpillar management system define their different departments and the employees andthe employees and tasks for those departments clearly with a unique
tasks for those departments clearly with a unique system of measuring the effectiveness of theirsystem of measuring the effectiveness of their current operations, their employee value and
current operations, their employee value and the market respond for their products and howthe market respond for their products and how much this department contribute to the produc
much this department contribute to the product and the whole existence ot and the whole existence of Caterpillar Inc.f Caterpillar Inc.
The table below illustrates the different departments that compose Caterpillar Inc. The table below illustrates the different departments that compose Caterpillar Inc.
Number Department
Number Department
1
1 Management and Management and Management Management DecisionDecision
2 Engineering
2 Engineering
3
3 Production and Production and Production Production PlanningPlanning 4
4 Purchasing and Purchasing and buyingbuying
5
5 Supply Supply chain chain research research and and ManagementManagement 6
6 Materials ManagementMaterials Management
7 Marketing
7 Marketing
8
8 Accounting and Accounting and Financial Financial DecisionsDecisions 9
9 Caterpillar's Financial Caterpillar's Financial Arm.Arm.
Caterpillar has sub departments that assist the objective of those departments an example is tech Caterpillar has sub departments that assist the objective of those departments an example is tech support, customer Service and Voice of Cu
support, customer Service and Voice of Customer, Technical Writing, and The unique stomer, Technical Writing, and The unique network network of distributors.
Caterpillar Operation Management development: Caterpillar Operation Management development:
Caterpillar Inc. Consider having a trained staff with op
Caterpillar Inc. Consider having a trained staff with op erational management skills to be anerational management skills to be an essential part of their success; the company has de
essential part of their success; the company has developed many programs and training programsveloped many programs and training programs to insure having the talent and experience to continue the operational excellence
to insure having the talent and experience to continue the operational excellence
The company started the Development program
The company started the Development program initiative and define it as: " Ourinitiative and define it as: " Our
Manufacturing Professionals Development Program is a leadership career path that consists of Manufacturing Professionals Development Program is a leadership career path that consists of three, one-year assignments. Caterpillar operations and manufacturing managers ma
three, one-year assignments. Caterpillar operations and manufacturing managers ma y also bey also be placed directly into more traditional roles". (Inc., 2012)
placed directly into more traditional roles". (Inc., 2012)
The company has operations in almost every country around the globe giving the company a The company has operations in almost every country around the globe giving the company a big challenge to have flex
big challenge to have flexible operations that take in consideration the differences between theible operations that take in consideration the differences between the way each culture does business, the company has expanded to markets in china, brazil and the way each culture does business, the company has expanded to markets in china, brazil and the Arabic region through distributors, warehouses and Manufacturing facilities .
Arabic region through distributors, warehouses and Manufacturing facilities .
Caterpillar recognizes that their operations domestically and Around the
Caterpillar recognizes that their operations domestically and Around the world is important toworld is important to their success and in their recent expansion to brazil, china, Dubai and India the company
their success and in their recent expansion to brazil, china, Dubai and India the company established programs with the local universities in addition to the
established programs with the local universities in addition to the internal career developmentinternal career development programs.
programs.
Caterpillar suppliers are all connected to the company's data
Caterpillar suppliers are all connected to the company's data source (Share point system) thatsource (Share point system) that contains training records and operational lectures and
contains training records and operational lectures and strategic operational planning that allowsstrategic operational planning that allows suppliers to train their newly added employees an
suppliers to train their newly added employees and prepare them for successful career ind prepare them for successful career in caterpillar
caterpillar
Part of Caterpillar'
Part of Caterpillar's ability to prs ability to provide excellent operational ovide excellent operational decisions is their fldecisions is their flexibility andexibility and fast response the company has developed
fast response the company has developed a fast response mechanism through their six sigmaa fast response mechanism through their six sigma program
program
Many examples are present for the flexibility Caterpillar provide in their operational de
Many examples are present for the flexibility Caterpillar provide in their operational de cisions atcisions at all levels some of the most notable
Reviving and upgrading old equipment found in Tunisia: the company responded fast to aReviving and upgrading old equipment found in Tunisia: the company responded fast to a
suggestion made by a Tunisian Dealer to revive
suggestion made by a Tunisian Dealer to revive, rehabilitate and old caterpillar, rehabilitate and old caterpillar equipment in Tunis as the economical
equipment in Tunis as the economical state did not allow the construction industry norstate did not allow the construction industry nor the agricultural to purchase new equipment; the company started a new program to revive the agricultural to purchase new equipment; the company started a new program to revive and fix older caterpillar models and trained many
and fix older caterpillar models and trained many of the mechanics and dealers toof the mechanics and dealers to upgrade those models, the flexibility in this decision has lead to
upgrade those models, the flexibility in this decision has lead to increase in parts sale andincrease in parts sale and upgrade orders which was another source of income for the company in the down term of upgrade orders which was another source of income for the company in the down term of the economy.
the economy.
The company responded to the economical change and the slow construction and miningThe company responded to the economical change and the slow construction and mining
industry by giving financial incentives and Lease op
industry by giving financial incentives and Lease options through their financial armtions through their financial arm which was established to encourage businesses, dealers and
which was established to encourage businesses, dealers and customers to keep investingcustomers to keep investing in their industry and take the help
in their industry and take the help of caterpillar to grow.of caterpillar to grow.
The company's headquarters decided to expand fast in the middle east, china, idea andThe company's headquarters decided to expand fast in the middle east, china, idea and
brazil, the company's fast response to the chan
brazil, the company's fast response to the changing factors in the world economy provedging factors in the world economy proved essential in gaining more edge over compe
essential in gaining more edge over competitors, as the company was able to titors, as the company was able to identify newidentify new markets and respond fast by having a an easy flow communication and easy decision markets and respond fast by having a an easy flow communication and easy decision making sequence.
Change in work environment : ThChange in work environment : The company is recognized for their fast response toe company is recognized for their fast response to
employee's complaints, suggestions and implanting Ideas. employee's complaints, suggestions and implanting Ideas.
Lean thinking at Caterpillar Inc. Lean thinking at Caterpillar Inc.
Caterpillar
Caterpillar Inc. Has adopted lean thinking iInc. Has adopted lean thinking in their operations identifying this n their operations identifying this step as astep as a primary and necessary step to excel in business
primary and necessary step to excel in business Kurt Schrom, facility manager at Georgia plant
Kurt Schrom, facility manager at Georgia plant identified Caterpillar's Lean thinking efforts byidentified Caterpillar's Lean thinking efforts by emphasizing on the importance of creativity and
emphasizing on the importance of creativity and finding new solutions "With the mindset of finding new solutions "With the mindset of (creativity before capital,) w
(creativity before capital,) we're expending e're expending without large amounts of money. (Jusko, 2012)without large amounts of money. (Jusko, 2012)
An Example for the results that caterpillar Inc. Has achieved throu
An Example for the results that caterpillar Inc. Has achieved throu gh using lean thinking isgh using lean thinking is Caterpillar’s creativity led to the introduction of OEE, a measure that tells users the percentage Caterpillar’s creativity led to the introduction of OEE, a measure that tells users the percentage of time that equipment, when running or required for production, is producing good-quality of time that equipment, when running or required for production, is producing good-quality product at an acceptable
product at an acceptable rate. It is calculated by multiplying availability rate (utilization) byrate. It is calculated by multiplying availability rate (utilization) by production rate (efficiency) by first-pass yield (quality). Caterpillar used the information production rate (efficiency) by first-pass yield (quality). Caterpillar used the information provided by the OEE metric to
provided by the OEE metric to institute changes that addressed the constraint. As a result, buildinstitute changes that addressed the constraint. As a result, build rates improved and outsourced work came back inside the plant. (Jusko, 2012).
Implementing six sigma: Implementing six sigma: Caterpillar
Caterpillar started implementing started implementing six Sigma six Sigma since since day one, beginning day one, beginning in January in January 2001. The2001. The program was applied in all departments; from their perspective, an
program was applied in all departments; from their perspective, an ywhere there was an outcome,ywhere there was an outcome, there was a process. If there was a p
there was a process. If there was a process, there was variation in performance. If rocess, there was variation in performance. If there was variation in performance, the process was subject to
there was variation in performance, the process was subject to Six Sigma. No area of theSix Sigma. No area of the company was excluded
company was excluded
from production to revenue recognition to
from production to revenue recognition to client services. The company rolled out thclient services. The company rolled out the program ine program in ―waves,‖ and, by the end of 2001, had 700 Black Belts. Today there
―waves,‖ and, by the end of 2001, had 700 Black Belts. Today thereare roughly 2,000. Black are roughly 2,000. Black Belts at Caterpillar are trained by Master Black Belts and
Belts at Caterpillar are trained by Master Black Belts and receive a minimum of 160 hreceive a minimum of 160 hours of ours of training while also working on their first project.
training while also working on their first project.
Caterpillar employees at all levels view six Sigma as the
Caterpillar employees at all levels view six Sigma as the way they work to solve way they work to solve problemsproblems and make decisions that involve
and make decisions that involve rigor and discipline, with a goal of process exrigor and discipline, with a goal of process excellence. (Keith T.cellence. (Keith T. Jones, 2010)
Jones, 2010)
To illustrate how serious caterpillar in their Six sigma efforts and How
To illustrate how serious caterpillar in their Six sigma efforts and How valuable this conceptvaluable this concept has been to the success of caterpillar
has been to the success of caterpillar
The company has developed a tracking tool to track the changes resulted to their operations The company has developed a tracking tool to track the changes resulted to their operations based on the use of
based on the use of six sigma, below is some of the numbers that Caterpillar is proud six sigma, below is some of the numbers that Caterpillar is proud to showto show
Caterpillar has introduced 850 suppliers worldwide to 6 Sigma,Caterpillar has introduced 850 suppliers worldwide to 6 Sigma,
1,000 supplier Black Belts to help 1,000 supplier Black Belts to help run Caterpillar's run Caterpillar's projects.projects.
Caterpillar Explanation for using Six sigma in the employee manual reads (Caterpillar, Caterpillar Explanation for using Six sigma in the employee manual reads (Caterpillar, 2012)
Current Six sigma projects : Current Six sigma projects :
improve threaded joint design in the assembly process using Six sigma applications, thisimprove threaded joint design in the assembly process using Six sigma applications, this
project focuses on continuous improvement in Caterpillar’s quality cult
project focuses on continuous improvement in Caterpillar’s quality culture and providesure and provides an opportunity to leverage best practices and
an opportunity to leverage best practices and replicate solutions across the company.replicate solutions across the company.
Caterpillar Inc. Is Caterpillar Inc. Is working on a six Sigma prworking on a six Sigma project that focuses on ergonomicoject that focuses on ergonomic
improvement. The project is helping
improvement. The project is helping to to put processes in place that put processes in place that allow a proactive and,allow a proactive and, preventive approach to ergonomic injuries
preventive approach to ergonomic injuries — — providing a better work environment forproviding a better work environment for employees. (John Gillett, 2010)
employees. (John Gillett, 2010)
New Six sigma applications at caterpillar Inc. New Six sigma applications at caterpillar Inc.
Six sigma has been a
Six sigma has been a corner of Caterpillar's success leading to the operational excorner of Caterpillar's success leading to the operational ex cellence incellence in Caterpillar's department, the program has succeeded in achievin
Caterpillar's department, the program has succeeded in achievin g the goals that it was intended tog the goals that it was intended to achieve such as minimizing the defects, customer
achieve such as minimizing the defects, customer satisfaction, cost saving, less wastes andsatisfaction, cost saving, less wastes and transparency in both operations and financials.
transparency in both operations and financials.
The program has been part of the
The program has been part of the caterpillar's Inc. Daily operations and in evcaterpillar's Inc. Daily operations and in every corner and allery corner and all facilities around the world,
facilities around the world, The company has decided
The company has decided to use the success Six sigma has bto use the success Six sigma has brought to Caterpillar Inc. in theirrought to Caterpillar Inc. in their environmental initiative .
environmental initiative .
Caterpillar Inc. has pledged to reduce its total absolute
Caterpillar Inc. has pledged to reduce its total absolute global greenhouse gas (GHG)global greenhouse gas (GHG)
emissions by 3 percent from 2006 to 2015. The company has committed to the reduction goal as emissions by 3 percent from 2006 to 2015. The company has committed to the reduction goal as part of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agenc
part of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's (EPA's) Climate Leaders program, whichy's (EPA's) Climate Leaders program, which Caterpillar joined in 2003.
Caterpillar joined in 2003.
Projects implemented by Six Sigma teams focused on
Projects implemented by Six Sigma teams focused on heating efficiency, more efficient lightingheating efficiency, more efficient lighting and control of equipment and
and control of equipment and can be replicated across the globe can be replicated across the globe at Caterpillar facilities, not onlyat Caterpillar facilities, not only reducing emissions, but also saving money, improving quality and engaging employees. (RP reducing emissions, but also saving money, improving quality and engaging employees. (RP news wires, 2012).
Continuous Product and process improvement Continuous Product and process improvement
Caterpillar Inc. give the CIP and CPI a
Caterpillar Inc. give the CIP and CPI a great deal of importance giving the impact great deal of importance giving the impact they madethey made on caterpillar's business ; Caterpillar Inc. employ the CIP and oth
on caterpillar's business ; Caterpillar Inc. employ the CIP and oth er tools from the house of er tools from the house of quality to insure their process are always improved,
quality to insure their process are always improved, the Six sigma throughout the the Six sigma throughout the company withcompany with the CIP employment Guarantees caterpillar an edge
the CIP employment Guarantees caterpillar an edge over competitors and achieving their goals inover competitors and achieving their goals in having operational excellence and great value products.
having operational excellence and great value products. the company also has its CP
the company also has its CPI (Continuous product improvement) a program designed to aI (Continuous product improvement) a program designed to allowllow the company get the needed feedback to improve their products and it gives the company an the company get the needed feedback to improve their products and it gives the company an advantage to work closer to their customers.
advantage to work closer to their customers.
How does the Caterpillar Enterprise Impact Quality? (Caterpillar, 2012) (Don Bolin) How does the Caterpillar Enterprise Impact Quality? (Caterpillar, 2012) (Don Bolin)
Know & Understand the ―Corporate Quality Manual‖Know & Understand the ―Corporate Quality Manual‖
Follow the NPI, APQP & MQ DisciplineFollow the NPI, APQP & MQ Discipline
Build in SequenceBuild in Sequence
Don’t Pass on Defects – Don’t Pass on Defects – Manufacturing & TransactionalManufacturing & Transactional
Stop & FixStop & Fix
Establish Execution Plans with the Rigor of ―6 Sigma Process‖Establish Execution Plans with the Rigor of ―6 Sigma Process‖
RememberRemember – – The work we do, reflects who we are.The work we do, reflects who we are.
Caterpillar and Their customer's Caterpillar and Their customer's
Caterpillar has a unique relationship with their customers throughout their dedicated
Caterpillar has a unique relationship with their customers throughout their dedicated efforts toefforts to service their customers and throughout their service guarantee which is covered by the CPI
service their customers and throughout their service guarantee which is covered by the CPI program as well as through their chain of
program as well as through their chain of distributersdistributers Caterpillar identifies their CPI programs as:
Caterpillar identifies their CPI programs as:
" While Caterpillar is renowned for outstanding product quality, work is
" While Caterpillar is renowned for outstanding product quality, work is consistently done toconsistently done to ensure that the quality i
ensure that the quality is upheld over the life of s upheld over the life of the product. the product. One of the major processes One of the major processes utilizedutilized throughout Caterpillar is Continuous Product Improvement (CPI), which allows dealers and throughout Caterpillar is Continuous Product Improvement (CPI), which allows dealers and service representatives to identify product issues through customers that need to b
service representatives to identify product issues through customers that need to b e rectified fore rectified for the individual customer and the entir
the individual customer and the entire engine population. e engine population. This means that the This means that the factory is infactory is in frequent communication with customers to ensure their long term product
frequent communication with customers to ensure their long term product satisfaction."satisfaction." (Caterpillar).
(Caterpillar).
Supply Chain Management Supply Chain Management
(Gray, 2010) (Gray, 2010)
Caterpillar Inc. Has had one of the most co
Caterpillar Inc. Has had one of the most complicated supply chain network mplicated supply chain network giving the size of giving the size of operations combined with the products caterpillar manufactures, the compa
operations combined with the products caterpillar manufactures, the compa ny has a domestic andny has a domestic and international operations which in turn add to the
international operations which in turn add to the complexity of caterpillar's operations.complexity of caterpillar's operations.
Caterpillar Inc. has developed their supply chain and supply chain management to develop Caterpillar Inc. has developed their supply chain and supply chain management to develop their unique i2 System for supply chain management
their unique i2 System for supply chain management
Tailored for the unique needs of automotive and industrial manufacturers and suppliers, i2 Tailored for the unique needs of automotive and industrial manufacturers and suppliers, i2
solutions provide services such as increased order-to-promise reliability, reduced time-to-market, solutions provide services such as increased order-to-promise reliability, reduced time-to-market, optimized product option mix availability, and improved manu
optimized product option mix availability, and improved manu facturing throughput efficiencyfacturing throughput efficiency and flexibility.
By reducing operational time, the compan
By reducing operational time, the company will be able to make more intelligent businessy will be able to make more intelligent business decisions. By having access to information faster and the
decisions. By having access to information faster and the ability to study forecast analysis,ability to study forecast analysis, Caterpillar will be able to better manage its suppl
Caterpillar will be able to better manage its supply and demand operations. y and demand operations. (i2 The supply chain)(i2 The supply chain)
In addition to the i2 System Caterpillar has its Logistic department that provide logistic In addition to the i2 System Caterpillar has its Logistic department that provide logistic support for the corporate, the dealers and the
support for the corporate, the dealers and the customers.customers.
The logistic department in Caterpillar is one of their most important
The logistic department in Caterpillar is one of their most important assets as it provide supplyassets as it provide supply chain management solutions using Linear programming models, transportation networks and chain management solutions using Linear programming models, transportation networks and Routes computed using Linear programming software. (Logistics)
Routes computed using Linear programming software. (Logistics)
Cat logistics provide highly important functions to Caterpillar's supply chain an example Cat logistics provide highly important functions to Caterpillar's supply chain an example forfor the functions CAT logistics provides
the functions CAT logistics provides (Logistics) :(Logistics) :
help design the flow of inbound and outbound materials through the supply chainhelp design the flow of inbound and outbound materials through the supply chain
network. network.
analyze capital and non-capital assets required to analyze capital and non-capital assets required to optimize supply chain performance,optimize supply chain performance,
including outsourcing analysis, financing options, tax planning, and incentive utilization. including outsourcing analysis, financing options, tax planning, and incentive utilization.
perform tactical analysis and planning that can bperform tactical analysis and planning that can be used to establish ideal traffic routes,e used to establish ideal traffic routes,
modes, and carriers. modes, and carriers.
evaluate historical and future inventory demand profiles, "best practice" opevaluate historical and future inventory demand profiles, "best practice" op erationalerational
process requirements, and desired customer service needs in order to help
process requirements, and desired customer service needs in order to help design andesign an optimal facility layout, and determine material flow and equipment requi
optimal facility layout, and determine material flow and equipment requi rements torements to achieve world class distribution performance
achieve world class distribution performance
analyzes and designs effective and efficient workflows and banalyzes and designs effective and efficient workflows and b usiness processes within andusiness processes within and
between organizations to achieve measurable performance
between organizations to achieve measurable performance improvements. This includesimprovements. This includes utilization of the methods and tools of a
(Caterpillar, 2012) (Caterpillar, 2012)
Caterpillar's Financial Performance: Caterpillar's Financial Performance:
Caterpillar's Cash flow statement gives a clear judgment about their ma
Caterpillar's Cash flow statement gives a clear judgment about their ma nagement andnagement and operational decisions as it provide us with the results of
operational decisions as it provide us with the results of those decisions and the incomethose decisions and the income generated by their operations.
equipment from a location to another and expand their upgrade program which was one of their equipment from a location to another and expand their upgrade program which was one of their best assets during the recession.
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