Mrs.P.Meena, IJRIT-365 International Journal of Research in Information Technology
(IJRIT)
www.ijrit.com ISSN 2001-5569
Performance Analysis of Wireless Local Area Network
Mrs.P.Meena1, Ms.S.Dhivya2
1AssistantProfessor, Department of communication and system Engineering, Mailam Engineering College Mailam,Tamil Nadu, India
2PG Scholar,Department of communication and system Engineering, Mailam Engineering College Mailam, Tamil Nadu, India
ABSTRACT
This is simple interesting paper includes setting up a wireless network. But analysing the performance of the working network is something so interesting and important in the infrastructure level. In a wireless network, an access point is the main authority which controls all the traffic and members of the network. Access Point can add or remove a node from the existing network. So thus setting up a network alone won’t let the network work with 100% efficiency. The performance checks have to be performed in order to check the collisions and packet drops in the network.
Key words: Mobile Adhoc network, MANET, VANET.
1. Introduction
There have been many developments in the field of networking in past decade but the most important one was the development of wireless networks that provides ease of feasibility to roam around. Wireless networks have been given a lot of attention because of its flexible nature in the data communication systems. It has been implemented as an extension or as an alternative of wired networks, which can be deployed virtually anywhere; from offices to university campus or providing hotspots at the airports, cafes, etc. Besides having many advantages, wireless networks have some limitations as well which are generally due to the underlying medium being used. These limitations involve mobility, fewer battery life, frequent collisions and limited bandwidth. Such factors degrade the overall network performance .Many researchers have tried to increase the performance. To achieve this, many models were proposed to improve the performance by increasing the throughput and decreasing the delay.
Wireless networking is used to meet many needs. Perhaps the most common use is to connect laptop users who travel from location to location. Another common use is for mobile networks that connect via satellite. A wireless transmission method is a logical choice to network a LAN segment that must frequently change locations. The following situations justify the use of wireless technology:
To span a distance beyond the capabilities of typical cabling, To provide a backup communications link in case of normal network failure, To link portable or temporary workstations, To overcome situations where normal cabling is difficult or financially impractical, or To remotely connect mobile users or networks.
2. Nodes In Networking
In communication networks, a nodeis a connection point either a redistribution point or a communication endpoint (some terminal equipment). The definition of a node depends on the network and protocol layer. A physical network node is an active electronic device that is attached to a network, and is capable of sending, receiving, or forwarding information over a communications channel. A passive distribution point such as a distribution frame or patch panel
Mrs.P.Meena, IJRIT-366 is consequently not a node. In network theory or graph theory, the term node refers to a point in a network topology at which lines intersect or branch.
In computer network nodes, a physical network node may either be a data circuit terminating equipment such as a modem, hug, bridge or data terminal equipment such as a digital telephone handset or host computer. The hub consists of physical network node, but it does not constitute a LAN network node. If the network in question is the Internet or Intranet, many physical network nodes are host computers also known as Internet nodes identified by an IP address and all hosts are physical network nodes.
In the fixed telephone network node may be computer providing some intelligent network service. In cellular communication such as the base station controller. A fiber optic node is generally described in terms of the number of “homes passed” that are served by that specific fiber node. In peer-to-peer network nodes that actively rout data for the other networked devices as well as themselves are called super nodes. Distributed systems may sometimes use virtual nodes so that the system is not oblivious to the heterogeneity of the nodes.
3. Mannet Vs Vannet
MOBILE AD HOC NETWORK
The primary challenge in building a MANNET is equipping each device to continuously maintain the information required to properly route traffic. Such networks may operate by themselves or may be connected to the larger Internet. The growth of laptops and 802.11/Wi-Fi wireless networking has made MANET’s popular research topic.
Different protocols are then evaluated based on measure such as the packet drop rate, the overhead introduced by the routing protocol, end-to-end packet delays, network throughput etc.
In ad hoc networks all nodes are mobile and can be connected dynamically in an arbitrary manner. As the range of each host’s wireless transmission is limited, so a host needs t enlist the aid of its nearby hosts in forwarding packets to the destination if it wants to communicate with hosts outside its transmission range.
a) DATA MONITORING AND MINING USING MANET
MANETS can be used for facilitating the collection of sensor data for data mining for a variety of applications such as air pollution monitoring and different types of architectures can be used for such applications. It should be noted that a key characteristic of such applications is that nearby sensor nodes monitoring an environmental feature typically register similar values. By measuring the spatial correlation between data sampled by different sensors, a wide class of specialized algorithms can be developed to develop more efficient spatial data mining algorithms as well as more efficient routing strategies. Also researchers have developed performance models for MANET by applying Queuing Theory.
b) ATTACKS IN MANNET
These attacks on MANNET challenge the mobile infrastructure in which nodes can join and leave easily with dynamics requests without a static path of routing. Such various attacks are listed below Malicious Code, Session Hijacking, Repudiation, Worm Hole, Traffic Jamming, Eves dropping.
VEHICULAR AD-HOC NETWORK
VANET turns every participating car into a wireless router or node, allowing cars approximately 100 to 300 meters of each other to connect and in turn create a network with a wide range.
It is estimated that the first systems that will integrate this technology are police and fire vehicles to communicate with each other for safety purposes. It offers several benefits to organizations of any size such a network does pose certain safety concerns.
Mrs.P.Meena, IJRIT-367 In VANET integrates on multiple ad-hoc networking technologies such as Wi-Fi IEEE 802.11p, WiMAX IEEE 802.16, Bluetooth, ZigBee for easy and accurate, effective and simple communication.
a) ARCHITECTURE
Wireless ad hoc networks have the characteristic to be infrastructure less and do not depend on fixed infrastructure for communication and dissemination of information. The study of MNET and VANET on the basis of their architectures and performance analysis provides that the protocols which are feasible for a MANET will be feasible in the VANET too but there performance varies with varying traffic conditions and densities.
Fig 1. VANET Architecture
MANET AND VANET
Similar to mobile ad hoc networks (MANETs), nodes in VANETs self-organize and self-manage information in a distributed fashion without a centralized authority or a server dictating the communication. In this type of network, nodes engage themselves as servers and/or clients, thereby exchanging and sharing information like peers.
Moreover, nodes are mobile, thus making data transmission less reliable and suboptimal. Apart from these characteristics, VANETs possess a few distinguishing characteristics, and hence presents itself as a particular class of MANETs.
In dynamic topology formed by VANETs is always changing as vehicles are moving at high speed. On highways, vehicles are moving at the speed of 60- 70 mph (25 m/sec) and vary for different vehicles. If the radio range between two vehicles is 125 m then the link between the two vehicles would last at most 10 sec.
In frequency disconnected network since the link between two vehicles can quickly disappear while the two nodes are transmitting information. The problem is further worsened byvarying node density where there are different frequency of nodes for different roads and highways. Moreover, disparate node density during non rush hours results
Mrs.P.Meena, IJRIT-368 in disconnectivity of nodes. A robust routing protocol is hence needed torecognize the frequent disconnectivity and to provide an alternate link quickly to ensure uninterrupted communication.
In mobility patternwhich is a function of the underlying roads, the traffic lights, the speed limits, traffic condition and driving behaviours of drivers. Because of the particular mobility pattern, evaluation of VANET routing protocols only makes sense from traces obtained from the pattern. There are several VANET mobility trace generators developed for the testing of VANET routing protocols in simulation. A realistic mobility traces were generated from vehicles to test the protocols.
In propagation model in VANETs is usually not assumed to be free space because of the presence of buildings, trees, vehicles and other obstacles. A VANET propagation model should well consider the effects of static objects as well as potential interference of wireless communication from other vehicles or widely deployed personal access points. VANETs are not subject to power and storage limitation as in sensor networks, another class of ad hoc networks.
4. Results And Discussion
The simulated results of the WLAN are shown below:
Fig 2. Simulation of MANET
Mrs.P.Meena, IJRIT-369 Fig 3. Simulation of MANET (here host 6 is communicating via Access Point 1)
Fig 4. Simulation of MANET (here host 6 is communicating via Access Point 2)
Fig 5. simulation of VANET (here hosts are at stable state)
Mrs.P.Meena, IJRIT-370 Fig 6.Simulation of VANET (here hosts are communicating via host 6 and host7
• A Vehicular Ad-hoc Network (VANET) is a type of Mobile Ad-hoc Network (MANET) that is used to provide communications between nearby vehicles, and between vehicles and fixed infrastructure on the roadside.
• Though VANET is a type of MANET but the routing protocols of MANET are not feasible with VANET and if they are even feasible then they are not able to provide the optimum throughput required for a fast changing
• Vehicular ad-hoc network
• The difference between VANET and MANET is that in VANET, the nodes are moving on predefined roads, and their trails aren’t too complicated and this is where the routing protocols have to be modified or changed.
• A mobile ad hoc network is a collection of two or more nodes equipped with wireless communications and networking capabilities whereas Vehicular Ad-hoc Networks (VANETs) represent a rapidly emerging, particularly challenging class of Mobile Ad Hoc Networks (MANETs).
• VANETs are distributed, self organizing communication networks built up by moving vehicles, and are thus characterized by very high node mobility and limited degrees of freedom in the mobility but MANET is having a number of adhoc protocols.
5. Graphical Representation
The graphical representation of MANET and VANET are shown below:
Fig 7. Throughput Analysis InManet
Mrs.P.Meena, IJRIT-371 Fig 8.Packet Delivery Ratio InManet
Fig 9.Throughput Analysis InVanet
Fig 10. Packet Delivery Ratio InVanet
6. Conclusion
In this paper a simulation model is done to compute the throughput and packet delivery ratio of two wireless networks. The simulation is made with the help of NS2 by using AWK programming language the throughput and packet delivery ratio for every second of simulation is recorded and their respective graph are shown. This helps in increasing the efficiency of the wireless network. I this project both MANET and VANET are compared and
Mrs.P.Meena, IJRIT-372 observed that different network have different characteristics and it cannot be said that which network is better. But by analyzing the network parameters the network efficiency can be increased.
Fig 11. Performance of WLAN
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TYPE OF NETWORK
THROUGHPUT PACKET
DELIVERY
MANET High High
VANET High Low
