Vivek G. Patel, IJRIT
285 International Journal of Research in Information Technology (IJRIT)
www.ijrit.com ISSN 2001-5569
A Design of UWB Antenna for High Speed Data Communication
Vivek G. Patel 1, Prof. Mayank Ardeshana 2
1PG Scholar, G.H.Patel college of Engineering and Technology V.V.Nagar, Anand Gujarat-India
2Assistant Professor, Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, V.V.Nagar, Anand Gujarat-India
Abstract
This paper presents a Slot Antenna for High speed data communication cover a large bandwidth for the resonance frequency of 4.0 GHz and 10.1 GHz and its wide application likeWLAN, Medical Application, radar imaging technology,Satellite communications etc..The gain and directivity of theproposed antenna are presented at different frequencies ofcovered band .for HFSS is used to design and simulation ofantenna.
1. Introduction
With the development of the wireless communications, ultrawide-band(UWB) technology has attracted much attention recently because of the potential for high data rate and ultra-low radiation power for short range applications such as personal area network(WPAN).Especially, the protocol UWB wireless communications released by the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) in 2002 [1] that covers the frequency range from 3.1GHz up to10.6 GHz, the design of the UWB wireless of systems challenge topic.
As the important part of the UWB systems, the antenna plays a key role in the transmitting and receiving the signals. Therefore, the Design of UWB antenna with small size, wider bandwidth, and good Omni- directional radiation pattern is a hot topic only in academic, but also in industry.
In [2]The basic structure of the antenna is a rectangular slot excited by a 50 Ω CPW line terminated on a trapezoidal shaped tuning stub. Perturbations in the form of circular stubs are applied in the slot to realize circular polarization. By employing a trapezoidal shaped tuning stub with proper modifications, the measured impedance bandwidth starting from 2.4 GHz and extending well beyond the FCC UWB limit has been achieved. The proposed antenna can be used for UWB applications for high speed data communications.
In [3] antenna is a small patch antenna that attempts to integrate the UWB technology with Bluetooth and Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM) at 900 MHz. At the same time bent resonators are used to notch two frequency bands centered at 3.5 and 5.5GHz in order to eliminate the interference with WLAN and WiMAX respectively.the GSM, and Bluetooth operation of the antenna and band notching for 3.5 GHz and 5.5 GHz. The realizable gain at the GSMfrequency is around 0.5 dBi , WLAN frequency is 2.1 dBi, and over the UWB bandis over 0 dBi.
In [4] The bandwidth is broadened by embedding two inverted L-shaped slots in the CPW ground and the notch band is achieved by etching a rectangle slot in the CPW ground. The notched band can be controlled
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slots increase the length of the current path. Therefore, the proposed antenna bandwidth is broadened.
Simultaneously, the rectangle slot disturbs the surface current of the CPW ground and excites notch band frequency.
In [5] The design possesses much larger return loss bandwidths and CP bandwidths than existing WSCPA.The main features of the antenna structure include a modified CPW feeding line and a wide and symmetric ellipse-aperture along the diagonal axis.
In [6] In the comparison of UWB antennas, the primary guideline is the spectral mask recommended for UWB by FCC-USA. The other guideline is the requirement that UWB should work up to 500 Mbps, requiring the received pulses to be <2 ns in duration (i.e., the ringing should die down well before 2 ns).The recent `slot antennas' are better described as `aperture antennas'. The difference is that by `slot' we mean a shape in a plane which is essentially one dimensional with the other dimension being very small, while an 'aperture' is not restricted.
In [7] The antenna comprises of a triangular slot loaded ground plane with a T shaped strip radiator to enhance the bandwidth and radiation.A simple compact UWB slot antenna is implemented. Broad impedance bandwidth, stable radiation patterns and constant gain are the main attractions of this antenna.
The proposed antenna is formed by a on one side of a PCB and a strip is the connected of the PCB as fig 1.
The strip is connected to the front structure with a metal strip on the side or via through the PCB. The antenna has a low profile and can be easily embedded into the display of a laptop computer. This simple structure made from common materials is very cost effective. The impedance and radiation performance of the antenna integrated into the lossy display of a laptop are taken into account. The SWR, maximum and average gain as well as radiation patterns of the proposed antenna are examined experimentally.
2. ANTENNA DESIGN CONFIGURATION
In the design of this type of antennas, the width =’W’ and Length =’L’ of the patch of the antenna plays a crucial role in determining the resonant frequency of the system. For antennas, the width (W) and length (L) of the radiating patch and the effective permittivity of the Microstrip structure (er )which support the operation at the required resonant frequency or (the free-space wavelength (λ)) can be designed as follows, using the formulas given as.
Where,
Ԑe = Effective dielectric constant Ԑr = Dielectric constant of substrate h = Height of dielectric substrate W = Width of the patch
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The dimensions of the patch along its length have now been extended on each end by a distance ∆L, which is given empirically by (Ramesh et al, 2001):In the design of this type of antennas, the width =’W’ and Length =’L’ plays a crucial role in determining the resonant frequency of the system. The starting values of these parameters are calculated by using the equations given in for the substrate height (h), dielectric constant (Ԑr) and for the lower frequency. The designed values of the antenna are optimized with HFSS tool. The optimization was performed for the best impedance bandwidth.
Fig 1.Shows the structure of planer antenna. The antenna consists of rectangular aperture with width =’W’
and length =’L’ and rectangular patch with height =’H’. In this study, a dielectric substance FR-4with thickness of 1.6mm with relative permittivity) Ԑr=2.1 chosen as substrate. The CPW feed is designed for 50Ω characteristic impedance withFixed 8 mm feed line length and width is 1.6 mm, 0.05mm ground gap.
By properly adjusting the dimension of the antenna and feeding structure the impedance matching of the proposed antenna is improved that produces wider impedance bandwidth with satisfactory radiation pattern.
The widebandwidth and impedance matching with reduced size of the antenna is achieved by the different surface magneticcurrents of the structure.Fig.1 shows the geometry and configuration of ultra-wide-band (UWB) antenna. The designparameters are L=21.5 mm, W=12 mm, H=0.05mm, h=1.6mm(substrate height).
Fig.2 shows the geometry andconfiguration of ultra-wide-band (UWB) antenna. The design parameters are L=10.6 mm, W=14 mm, H=0.035mm, h=1.6
mm(substrate height).
MODIFICATION OF ANTENNA STRUCTURE
The antenna (MSA) is realized by cutting the slots of different shapes. The geometry of antenna are shown in fig 1.
Antenna Structure 1
Fig. 1.Geometry and configuration of planer antenna.
Antenna Structure 2
Fig. 2.Geometry and configuration of planer antenna.
Vivek G. Patel, IJRIT
288 3. SIMULATION RESULTS
Simulation Result of Antenna Structure 1
0.00 2.00 4.00 6.00 8.00 10.00 12.00
Freq [GHz]
-30.00 -25.00 -20.00 -15.00 -10.00 -5.00 0.00
dB(S(1,1))
HFSSDesign1
XY Plot 1 ANSOFT
m1
m2
m3 Curve Info
dB(S(1,1)) Setup1 : Sw eep1
Name X Y
m1 4.4334 -26.4648 m2 7.1962 -27.3207 m3 10.4895 -12.5837
fig. 3. Return Loss vs. frequency of Proposed antenna1
0.00 2.00 4.00 6.00 8.00 10.00 12.00
Freq [GHz]
0.00 5.00 10.00 15.00 20.00 25.00 30.00
VSWR(1)
HFSSDesign1
XY Plot 2 ANSOFT
Curve Info VSWR(1) Setup1 : Sw eep1
Fig. 4. VSWR vs. frequency of Proposed antenna1
Simulation Result of Antenna Structure 2
2.00 4.00 6.00 8.00 10.00 12.00
Freq [GHz]
-22.50 -20.00 -17.50 -15.00 -12.50 -10.00 -7.50 -5.00 -2.50 0.00
dB(S(1,1))
HFSSDesign1
XY Plot 1 ANSOFT
m1 m2
m3
m4 Curve Info
dB(S(1,1)) Setup1 : Sw eep
Name X Y
m1 9.1743 -9.9491 m2 11.9800 -9.7443 m3 4.0040 -14.7449 m4 10.1363 -22.0398
fig. 5. Return Loss vs. frequency of Proposed antenna2
2.00 4.00 6.00 8.00 10.00 12.00
Freq [GHz]
0.00 5.00 10.00 15.00 20.00 25.00 30.00
dB(VSWR(1))
HFSSDesign1
XY Plot 3 ANSOFT
Curve Info dB(VSWR(1)) Setup1 : Sw eep
Fig. 6. VSWR vs. frequency of Proposed antenna2
Vivek G. Patel, IJRIT
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Fig-7: Radiation Pattern4. Conclusions
4. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
The simulation result of return loss of the antenna by using Ansoft HFSS software. The resonance frequencies of the antenna1 are 4.4 GHz & 7.1GHz.Operating Frequency: 4.6GHz, Gain: 2.0916 dB, Directivity: 2.100 dB. The resonance frequencies of the antenna2 are 4.0GHz & 10.1GHz. Operating frequency 6.5GHz We find Gain-5.027 and Directivity-5.111The simulated patch antenna gave a resonant frequency of 6.5 GHz where we find the gain is 5.02dbi and directivity is5.11dbi. herethe simulated return loss is -14 dB. And otherwide band covers with resonant frequency of 10.1 GHz wheresimulated return loss is found to be -22 dB fromthe curveshown in fig. 6.VSWR is also for both band is between 1 to 2.
5. CONCLUSION
We can conclude that, By Selecting UWB Frequency 6.5 GHz, The antenna size will be compacted, and also we obtain Maximum Gain-5.027, minimum Return loss (between 1to 2) and the measured impedance bandwidth extending well beyond the FCC UWB limit suitable for, WLAN, and satellite communication
. References
[1] Federal communications commission, First report and order, Revision Part15 of commission’s rule regarding UWB transmission system FCC 02-48,Washington,DC,April;2002
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with modified feeding line and symmetric ellipse-aperture” , National Key Laboratory of Antennas and Microwave Technology, Xidian University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710071, People's Republic of China, Progress In Electromagnetics Research C, Vol. 42, 137-148, 2013.
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