A Study on Video Over IP and the Effects on FTTx Architectures. Patrick J. Sims, RCDD Principal Engineer

A Study on Video Over IP and the Effects

on

FTTx Architectures

Patrick J. Sims, RCDD

Principal Engineer

Architecture Reference Model

End to End Overview

Beginning the FTTx Services Architecture

MSAG BPON/GEPON/GPON/WDM PON

Active Ethernet EFM WDM AWG Fiber/Copper FDH Fiber Fiber Fiber Fiber Copper

What We Know Today -

IP Services over xDSL

PSTN

Intranet/Internet

Local Broadcast TV

Authentication Switch to the Internet (i.e. NorTel Shasta -BSN5000, Redback SMS-500)

EMS Workstation

Layer 2/3 Switch Alcatel 7450/Omni SW 6600 (for Multicasting Video and VoIP

SoftSwitch Techniques) Video RF Multiplexer/IRD CATV Up/Down Link Satellite ATM/GE Switch (i.e. NorTel PP15000, Fore

Systems ASX 4000) Remote DSLAM Multi-Service Access Gateway Alcatel 7330R Encoder IPTV Manager VOD Server Minerva, Myrio, Microsoft Video Storage

IP Video Return

Proposed and Current IP Services

for Triple and Quad Play

Computer Television

Triple Play Home

Telephone RLP Cabinet Remote DSLAM RLP Feeder MDF or Copper Cross Connect DVD PSTN

Voice Gateway - Provides Access to the Class 5 Telco Switch (i.e. Paradyne, General Bandwidth, Passport PVG)

GR-303

DSLAM Multi-Service Access Gateway

CO Based Alcatel, Adtran, ECI

Encoder Minerva VC8000 Optibase - Movimaker 400 (for MPEG4 & DVB Encoding)

Integrated Receiver Decoder Digital Video Broadcast (DVB)

Harmonic/Scientific Atlanta

Gigabit Ethernet to Remote DSLAM VoIP Voice Gateway Controller

(i.e. Sonus, Cisco, NorTel)

What We Know Today -

IP Services Complexity

SUN Server OPS EMS Client/Server

Hub MSAG/OLT COL -A CT-S TA -1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 101112 HS 1 HS 2 OK 1 OK 2 P S CONS OLE Television CO L-ACT -ST A-1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9101112 HS 1 HS 2 OK 1 O K2 PS CONS OLE Television CO L-ACT -ST A-1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9101112 HS 1 HS 2 OK 1 O K2 PS CONS OLE Television STB 192.168.2.2 192.168.2.3_STB 192.168.2.4_STB Home Gateway DHCP Server 47.135.172.50-200 192.168.20.3 VPI/VCI 1/100 VPI/VCI 0/32 VPI/VCI 1/41 194.168.20.140 194.168.20.190 194.168.20.159 193.168.51.254 193.168.51.1 Aggregation of IP Video Content for

Distribution Policy Switch Layer 2/3 100 Base-T 100 Base-T 100 Base-T ATM/GE Switch ONT 123 456 789 *8# ONT ONT 123 456 789 *8# 1x32 123 456 789 *8# ONT ONT PON FDH

VDSL, Operator Requirements Document

-: FS Source

Service

Bandwidth

High Definition TV (MPEG2) _{~19 Mbps}

Pay TV 3 - 6 Mbps

Standard Definition TV (MPEG2) 3.5 Mbps

Interactive TV on Internet 1 – 3.5 Mbps

Video on Demand (VoD) 3 - 6 Mbps

Personal Video Recorder Up to 6 Mbps

High Speed Internet (WEB Surfing) Up to 2 Mbps

Interactive Gaming 1 – 5 Mbps Video on PC 4 - 12 Mbps

Voice over IP (VoIP) 80 kbps - 5 Mbps

Voice over DSL (VoDSL) 40-64 kbps/ch

Appliance

Personal

Computer

Television

Telephone

Defining Converged Services –

Multi-Media

Video Coding Performance Roadmap

Channel Raw Bandwidth

MPEG 4 (H.264) can reduce bandwidth by

50% but at the expense of higher headend

costs and more expensive STBs.

Full motion video quality with action or sport sequences

Video with lower fps or less motion and scene changing

0 5 10 15 20

Mbps, Not Stat Muxed over Multiple Channels

MPEG2 HDTV SDTV MPEG4.10 HDTV SDTV

Current HD FPS set at 30. Full HD

(1080p, 4-million pixels) set at 60

FPS. Content providers making

“BlueRay” HD (1080p compatible).

BW for Full HD to be set at 50 Mbps.

Future 3D HD set at 100 – 200 Mbps

Requirements for Multiple Video Feeds

* TV sets per household average 2.60 (1/2 TV sets sold today are HDTV) ** assume MPEG-2 1-Channel each.

Multiple video feeds are no longer

driven by TV sets per household alone

No. of Subs

Video Feeds per Sub

2 4

Drivers for more video feeds per sub

More TV sets per household *

New applications for Picture in Picture DVR and multi-TV DVR adoption

2007 ₂₀₀₉

12

E.g. 4 TV Sets with PIP viewing and 4-TV DVR recording other channels

ADSL2+_{(SDTV/HDTV**)} VDSL (SDTV/HDTV) Satellite Cable FTTP 2008

Broadband Video Options –

For Telephony Providers

Switched Digital Video Headend Video MUX/ Encoders Middleware/VOD Servers DBS PON OLT DSLAM DSLAM ONT CO ADSL2+ VDSL Home Gateway Strengths Risks DBS •Available World Wide

•Local Area Coverage •Many Video Feeds

per Sub •HD supported •Limited VOD support •Limited US Data support Deep Fiber xDSL •Reuse Existing Copper Plant •VOD Supported •HD supported •Limited bandwidth to meet medium to long term service demand •Remote Electronics MDU xDSL •Reuse Existing Copper Plant •VOD Supported •HD supported •Limited bandwidth to meet medium to long term service demand •Electronics in MDU PON •Enough bandwidth to provide multiple IP Apps w/Video over IP •VOD supported •HD supported •Greenfield initially •Rehab existing

plant may take time ADSL2+ VDSL Home Gateway Remote DSLAM IP/ATM Core Subscribe r

Timeline –

Broadband Deployments

First Major PON Deployments (RBOC FTTP RFP) Video Compression Service Offer PON 2004 2005 2006 2007 2003 2002 2001 2008/2009 2004 2005 2006 2007 2003 2002 2001 2008/2009 Systems commercially available GPON 2.4Gbps 1:32/1:64 G.984.3 Standard Ratified Systems commercially available Components commercially available GEPON 1.2Gbps 1:32 IEEE 802.3ah Standard Ratified Systems commercially available Components commercially available BPON 622Mbps 1:32 BPON 1.2Gbps 1:32 Standard Amendment Ratified Systems commercially available Components commercially available xDSL Total SD Channels 300 325 350 Total HD Channels 15 25 35 Systems commercially available 500 50 Systems commercially available MPEG-4 Part 10 Systems commercially available Components commercially available H.264 Standard Ratified Content Provider Adoption MPEG-2 ADSL/2/2+ VDSL/2 ADSL Systems commercially available ADSL2+ G.992.5 Standards Ratified ADSL2+ Components commercially available ADSL2+ Systems commercially available VDSL G.993.1 Standards Ratified VDSL Components commercially available VDSL Systems commercially available 26 Mbps/3-5Kft 50 Mbps/1-3Kft

Serving Area Reference Model –

for xDSL

A Serving Area (SA) deployment will consist of Networks with varying degrees of triple play service take rates.

SA (100 -2000 Homes Passed. Remote DSLAM Supports 24-96 Subscribers each.)

• SA Take Rates will be mixed:

– HSI 2-10 Mbps – Voice: POTs/VOIP – Video: MPEG2/4 SD/HD Med Take Rate Med Take Rate High Take Rate DSALM CO Low Take Rate Low Take Rate High Take Rate Overbuild Deployment - Copper X-Connect - Remote DSLAM

Serving Area Reference Model –

for PON

Avg Home Passed per SA = 120 BPON x 16 Homes/PON = 60 BPON/GEPON x

32 Homes/PON

= 60 GPON x 32 Homes/PON

A SA deployment may consist of PONs with varying degrees of triple play service take rates and different PON techniques and technologies.

OLT SA (1152 -2040 home passed)

CO

Greenfield and Overbuild Deployments

Low Take Rate Res PON

Med Take Rate Res PON

High Take Rate Res PON Low Take Rate

Res PON

Med Take Rate Res PON

High Take Rate Res PON

• SA Take Rates will be mixed:

– HSI 5 -30 Mbps

– Voice: POTs/VOIP

xDSL Capacity Analysis

The objective is to determine whether a particular DSL implementation can meet a given service bandwidth requirement

MDF/DSLAM CO

N subs DSL Line Side Capacity

(Northbound Interface)

DSLAM Trunk Capacity (Northbound Interface)

N subs

N subs

- Copper X-Connect

- Remote DSLAM

DSL Line Side Capacity (Southbound Interface)

PON Capacity Analysis

The objective is to determine whether a particular PON implementation can meet a given service bandwidth requirement

OLT CO

N subs PON Capacity

(Southbound Interface)

OLT Trunk Capacity (Northbound Interface) 1:N Split 1:N Split 1:N Split N subs N subs

Video Distribution over IP

Capacity must meet maximum usage without video blocking for any given take rate.

Copper/Fiber Distribution MSAG

xDSL/PON OLT Customer Premise

Channel lineup and VOD usage determines trunk capacity to video

headend

Individual capacity determines the maximum number of video feeds

per sub Distinct HD Video Streams SDTV HDTV SD VOD HD VOD SDTV channel multicast group HDTV channel multicast group Channel Multicasting All channels are unicast Distinct SD Video Streams Engineered for Maximum Usage SDTV HDTV SD VOD HD VOD Northbound to the Layer 2/3 Switch Channel Uni-cast

•

Multiple users viewing the same IP video stream are multi-cast at

the Core via IGMP Proxy.

•

Multiple users viewing the same IP video stream are multi-cast at

the Edge via IGMP Snooping.

Integrated multi-casting to be supported at the Core and the Edge.

How Does Multi-Cast Video Work?

•

Significantly reduces the network load

•

Benefits increase as the number of users is increased

Customer viewing Superbowl

1 channel through the network

Customer viewing

Movie 2 channels through the network

Customer viewing Superbowl

Still

• A single user viewing an IP video stream is

uni-cast at the remote DSLAM.

Customer viewing Superbowl Customer viewing Music Videos

3 channels through the network

Integrated multi-casting to be supported in the CO and the Remote DSLAMs

Example of Multi-cast Video Service over xDSL Networks DSL Router DSL Router DSL Router DSL Router DSL Router

How Does Multi-Cast Video Work –

Over ADSL2

and VDSL

Still

• Multiple users start viewing the same IP video

stream are multi-cast at the Remote DSLAM using IGMP Proxy Techniques.

• The northbound interface bandwidth is

maintained as a single video stream.

• The southbound interface bandwidth is

determined upon the DSL service provided, i.e. ADSL2+/VDSL.

Customer viewing Superbowl

1 channel through the network

Customer viewing

Movie 2 channels through the network

Customer viewing Superbowl

Still

• Multiple users viewing the same IP video stream are multi-cast at the OLT on each

PON Port where the OLT is using IGMP Proxy Techniques.

• The PON Splitters are passive and allow all of the ONTs on that particular PON Port

to view the same video stream where the ONT is using IGMP Snooping Techniques.

Customer viewing Superbowl Customer viewing Music Videos

3 channels through the network

Integrated multi-casting to be supported at the OLT and the ONT.

Example of Multi-cast Video Service over PON OLT ONT ONT ONT ONT ONT

How Does Multi-Cast Video Work –

Over PON

Systems

• As additional users start to view the same IP video stream on different PON Ports,

• Competition in offering voice and data services as well as a diverse video

service portfolio are forcing Service Providers to re-think Video over IP.

» VOD and HD Content is on the Rise

• Multiple video feeds are no longer driven by TV sets per household alone.

» VDSL alone may not have the BW for video services to compete

» PON offers enough BW for competitive video services with or without MPEG-4

• Multiple bandwidth tiers are determined by line rates, video compression

technologies, and multi-cast techniques; not PON (BPON, GEPON, GPON, WDMPON or EFM) vs. DSL.

• MPEG2 and MPEG4 as well as IGMP Snooping and Multicast Techniques need

to be reviewed where the requirements imposed on various FTTx and Broadband architectures require precise engineering in the CO/HE.

• Significant opportunity cost for inaction or delayed action to capture revenues

from a quad-play offer that has a competitive video services.

•

Architectural and Topological Choices Driven By…

– Initial and target take rates

– Overbuild, Greenfield or Migration Focus

– Active Electronic Requirements

•

Network Efficiency and Growth Strategy

– Critical underpinnings for the design

– Key to cost-effective use of intelligent electronics

•

Design must take a System Approach

– To coordinate all elements

•

Understand the impact of all the techniques that offer the best

solutions while ensuring network stability

Questions?

Thank You