Module 6 Emergency Response Planning

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Pipeline Operations and Integrity

Pipeline Operations and Integrity

Management

Management

Module 6 Module 6

Emergency Response Planning Emergency Response Planning

 Alan Murray 2017  Alan Murray 2017

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Outline

Outline

Pipeline Integrity management Pipeline Integrity management

Inspection and Assessment Methods Inspection and Assessment Methods Pipeline repairs

Pipeline repairs

Emergency Response Planning

Emergency Response Planning

Definition of a

Definition of an Emergency

n Emergency

•

• An emergency is any serious or crisis situation orAn emergency is any serious or crisis situation or

occurrence that happens unexpectedly and demands occurrence that happens unexpectedly and demands immediate action or assistance:

immediate action or assistance: aa state of emergencystate of emergency

•

• Such situations which because of severity or size ofSuch situations which because of severity or size of

impact, render normal response mechanisms inadequate. impact, render normal response mechanisms inadequate. In the event of such a crisis, a more comprehensive and In the event of such a crisis, a more comprehensive and immediate response is required to manage the crisis and immediate response is required to manage the crisis and respond to the needs of the situation which may include respond to the needs of the situation which may include adjacent community. Activation of an emergency Incident adjacent community. Activation of an emergency Incident Command system (ICS) and the appropriate emergency Command system (ICS) and the appropriate emergency response team under these circumstances provides the response team under these circumstances provides the community adjacent to the facilities with an appropriate community adjacent to the facilities with an appropriate response capacity in the event of such an emergency. response capacity in the event of such an emergency.

A

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FOUR DIMENSIONS OF EMERGENCY

MANAGEMENT

•

Hazards

•

Natural

•

Caused By Human Activity

•

Groupings/Organizations

•

Pipeline Company

•

First Responders

•

Affected Citizens

•

Levels of Government

•

Emergency Response Functions

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Meteorolog ical/ Elemental •   Flood/Storm Surge/Tsunami •   Ice/Snow •   Fire • Wind -Tornado/Hurricane Geological •   Earthquake •   Landslide •   Avalanche Resulting from:  Acts of God Non-intentional •   Energy •   Information/ Communication •   Environment •   Transport • Public safety/ security •   Government operations Resulting from: • Human Error  • System Failur e Intentional •   Energy •   Information/ Communication •   Environment •   Transport • Public safety/ security •   Government operations Resulting from: • Civil unrest •   Terrorism •   International Tension • Criminal Acts • War 

II. Human Induced Emergencies I. Natural Emergencies

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Emergency Management Agencies

Subject Matter Agency Coordinating Agency Supporting/ Logistics Agency

The organization assigned by legislation, regulation,

policy or a plan to lead in the emergency management of the immediate affects of a specific hazard;

The organization assigned by legislation, regulation, policy or a plan to coordinate the efforts of different orders of government, supporting/logistic agencies and other emergency management partners to coordinate required action, directed by the lead agency, to deal with the immediate affects of the specific hazard, while

dealing with the collateral results of the specific hazard;

Organization(s) assigned by legislation, regulation, policy or a plan to assist in the emergency management of a specific hazard;

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Functions

Attempting to maintain a normal state of life by

removing/minimizing the items at risk from the effects of hazard(s), or by reducing the effects of the hazard(s) on the items at risk, with an aim to prevent or reduce a disaster impact when it occurs

Recognizing that perfect mitigation is impossible, building capability to effectively and rapidly respond when items at risk are about to be or are affected by hazards. It includes the planning, exercising and education necessary to

achieve a state of readiness for incidents, disasters and major emergencies; e.g plans, simulation exercises, stockpiles

Executing the capability to minimize the losses to items at risk (with an emphasis to prevention of injury/loss of life) when they are effected by hazards.

Returning the effected organization/group to a state of normal life, after it has been effected by a hazard. Commences ASAP during the Response phase and runs concurrently.

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Function Grouping

Mitigation Preparedness Response Recovery

Pipeline operator First responders Citizens Levels of government Rupturess Fires Leaks • Management • Operations • Co-ordination • Plans • Logistics • Industry • Communications • Finance •Administration • Training Etc. Plans/Actions

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Emergency Management Activities

Operations Co-ordination Logistics Recovery

Program Management Training Communications Fin/Admin Support of Govt Support of Public Liaison Officers Tech Support Plans

Emergency Response Plans

•

Emergency Response and contingency

planning are used to minimise the effects of an

emergency situation. The complexity of these

plans is determined by the type of event, its

proximity to populated and/or environmentally

sensitive areas and the availability of resources

Emergency Response Plans

•

A pipeline company is responsible for planning

for the

Worst 

situation and the existence of a

good emergency response plan exemplifies a

company’s readiness to fulfill its legal and

ethical responsibilities in the case of an

emergency.

Emergency Response Plans

The key elements of a successful emergency

response plan are:

1. Identification of the most probable emergencies

2. Notification process ( who to contact and when)

3. Determining the immediate personnel actions to be

taken

4. Minimising adverse effects on personnel, property

and environment

Response Planning

• To effectively assess emergency response and the required

environmental protection in the event of a leak or pipeline rupture, pipeline industry considers the following for Emergency Response Planning (ERP) and Emergency Response (ER) and those needed for effectively responding to an emergency leading to a crisis situation: • Effective policies

• Procedures for meeting regulatory needs including any Permitting Considerations

• Tools & equipment

In addition it requires the:

•  prompt coordination of resources,

• special communications,

• and heightened authority for employees

• Pipeline emergency response planning and execution

comprise of organization, processes, tools and facilities required to respond to an emergency situation.

Emergency situation can be minor or major. Major emergencies result from an incident causing rupture,

release of containment/spill, fire/explosion, injury, fatality, loss of property, impact to the public and the environment and finally cleaning out/decontamination, repairs and

restoration of service.

• Incidents can be classified or ranked in order of severity

and matched to the appropriate level of response

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Identifying Typical Emergencies

•

Identification of potential emergencies involves a risk

assessment exercise using a comprehensive

understanding of the facilities

•

This requires input from management, designers,

operators and maintenance staff 

•

The planning group must rank all the identified

emergency scenarios

•

Companies need to understand the overall risk and

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Identifying Typical Emergencies

•

It is important to anticipate the consequences of

each scenario for personnel, property and the

environment

•

The effect of a particular incident might extend t

neighbouring facilities and these “dominoe “

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Ranking of Incident or Emergency Condition

Level I LevelII LevelIII

▪ No immediate threat to

the public or company  personnel

▪ No effects outside

company property ▪Control of released  product completed or  pending ▪Minimal environmental effects ▪Little or no media interest ▪Incident/spill handled by company ▪Low potential to escalate

▪Some injury or threat to

the public and company  personnel

▪ No immediate threat

outside company  property but potential

exists to extend beyond  property boundaries

▪Imminent control of

released product is likely

▪First responders and

government agencies likely to be directly involved ▪Moderate environmental effects ▪Local/regional media interest

▪Serious injury or fatality of member of the public,

company personnel and/or ongoing threat to the  public

▪Uncontrolled release of product continuing

▪Significant and ongoing environmental effects

▪Ongoing or imminent threat to facility

infrastructure.

▪Effects extend beyond company property

▪Immediate and significant government agency and

first responder involvement

▪Assistance from outside parties required

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Emergency Levels/ Action Matrix

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Six Step Incident response process

• Size Up the Situation

what is the nature of the incident? what hazards are present?

what resources are on site?

what is the risk to personnel and the public? are there injuries that need to be treated? how large an area is involved?

can/ will the area be cordoned off?

Identify appropriate entrance / exit routes for equipment and response personnel

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Six Step Incident response process

• Identify contingencies

 – What may have caused the incident to occur?

 – What could happen to make the situation worse?

• Determine Objectives and Strategies

 – What to do , and for what purpose?

 – How to do it?

 – Identify Needed resources

• Identify Needed resources

 – what resources are needed?

 – Where will they be obtained?

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Six Step Incident response process

• Develop an Action Plan

 – Assign resources to tactical objectives

 – Ensure appropriate safety and personnel protective

measures are implemented

 – Ensure that the first responders and agencies are

contacted

• Take action

 – Implement Plan, supervise and Co-ordinate  – Evaluate results

Real Time weather Information Yellow Pages Police of Jurisdiction Satellite Imagery 370 Layers of Data

•All Oil & Gas facilities

•All Electricity facilities

•All Water Wells

•All Soils information

•Agriculture facilities

• Municipal Information

• Public Facilites

• Etc

Critical Infrastructure

Roads, River, water ways, etc

From individual house to entire city

Typical Table of Contents of an ERP

1.0 Company Policy, Purpose and Scope 2.0 Emergency Notification

3.0 Organisation

4.0 Immediate Action Table Initial response

Secondary response

5.0 Emergency Contact List / Phone numbers Immediate Support Services

Emergency response command centre Key employee contact list

6.0 Identification of Key personnel (and Alternates) 7.0 Media relations

8.0 Notification of next of kin 9.0 Revision record

Purpose and Scope Section

•

Scope describes the facilities covered,

including meter stations, types of products

involved and geographic area.

•

Related company and third party plans.

Emergency Notification section

•

Internal and external notification call down

list (includes responsibility for notifications

•

Summary table of legal reporting

requirements

•

Descriptions of internal call down

procedures

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Organisation Section

•

Emergency Response Team Diagram

•

Incident classification Criteria table

•

List of designated personnel for key positions

(and alternates)

•

Layout and location of Incident command

centre and site emergency operations centre

PREPAREDNESS

• The Emergency Response Officer (or designate) must be available at all

times to respond to an emergency.

• The Emergency Response document should be reviewed and updated at

least annually. Review should include procedures, processes, lists of persons and phone numbers, and any associated response and

communication equipment related to effective implementation of this procedure.

• Further, this document should be maintained in a location that is easily

accessible to all persons who have accountabilities, responsibilities or direct interest regarding its implementation.

• Exercises should be completed at least annually and should include all

persons identified in this plan to both test the procedure, and to ensure an adequate level of awareness in regard to account abilities and

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Identification of Key Personnel

•

Two separate and distinct teams are required

to respond toan emergency

•

Corporate Area command Team located at

the Incident Command centre

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Identification of Key Personnel

•

Corporate Area Command Team

 – Comprised of corporate management and staff 

 – They provide tactical direction for the response and

recovery operations providing advice and support to the field incident command team

 – Responsible for all contacts with the media, legal matters

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Identification of Key Personnel

•

Field Incident Command team

 – Directly involved in responding to the emergency at the

site. ( most sites will have a very specific response plan in place for the facility)

 – They will take charge and remain in charge of the incident

until it is resolved or others who have the legal authority to do so assume responsibility

 – They will seek guidance and direction from local officials

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Training

Component Frequency Length Description Comments

 Aw arenes s  Annually

(April) 1 hr 

- informal

- introduction to new staff 

- description of policies, procedures, plans - discussion of roles, responsibilities, training - no simulation

- ensures that individuals identified in the plans are aware of their roles & responsibilities

Notification (Drill) Semi-annually (April / October) 1 to 2 hrs - informal

- contacting parties internal and external to the plans ("the ER community"

- verifies contact names, locations, contact numbers

Drill Semi-annually

- single ER function

- single agency involvement - often a field component

Tabletop  Annually 4 to 7.5 hrs

- informal discussion of simulated emergency - no time pressures (slow pace)

- low stress

- limited to 5 or 6 ER functions - usually with external community Useful for:

- evaluating plans & procedures

- resolving questions of coordination & responsibility (problem solving)

- different ER functions are exercised at each tabletop over a 3-year period

Functional Every 4th

year  1 to 2 days

- policy and coordination personnel practice ER - stressful, realistic simulation

- takes place in real time

- emphasizes emergency functions - EOC is activated

- coordinate with regulated company functional exercise - not all functions exercised

Full-scale When opportune

2 or more days

- takes place in real time

- employs real people & equipment - coordinates many agencies - tests several emergency functions - activates EOC

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Examples of Immediate Action

•

Immediate Action flow chart

 –

Response to a fire

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In Summary

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Emergency Response Plans area critical

component of emergency preparedness

 –

Adequate resources must be provided to maintain

and audit plans

 –

Training must be provided to key staff to review

major updates and refresh knowledge of the plan

contents

 –

Regular contact must be maintained with the local