The Four Principles
The Four Principles
By Shaykh Muhammad ibn ‘Abdul-Wahaab
By Shaykh Muhammad ibn ‘Abdul-Wahaab
TAWHEED 101
OIC TEAM 7
OIC TEAM 7
•
•
Adeel Hasan – Explanation of
Adeel Hasan – Explanation of Tawheed Ruboobiyah
Tawheed Ruboobiyah
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•
Razi Ahmed – Examples of T
Razi Ahmed – Examples of Tawheed from Quran/Hadith
awheed from Quran/Hadith
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•
Urfan Azad- Team Leader/Preparation of
Urfan Azad- Team Leader/Preparation of
Presentaion/Intro and Conclusion
Presentaion/Intro and Conclusion
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•
Tamer Almasry- Explanation of Asmat-wa-Sifaa
Tamer Almasry- Explanation of Asmat-wa-Sifaa
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Introduction
Introduction
•
• Aqeedah’ in the language: It is derived from ‘al-‘aqd’ which means to be Aqeedah’ in the language: It is derived from ‘al-‘aqd’ which means to be‘‘
firm upon something. Aqeedah is what a person holds as his/her religion it firm upon something. Aqeedah is what a person holds as his/her religion it is an action of the heart
is an action of the heart and the belief and affirmation of something withinand the belief and affirmation of something within the heart.
the heart. •
• ‘Aqeedah in the Shariah: It is belief in ‘Aqeedah in the Shariah: It is belief in Allah, HisAllah, His
Angels,Books,Messenger,the Last day and belief in Qadr (divine creed), the Angels,Books,Messenger,the Last day and belief in Qadr (divine creed), the
good and these are also known as the pillars
good and these are also known as the pillars of Imaan.of Imaan. •
• So the correct ‘aqeedah is the foundation upon which the deen So the correct ‘aqeedah is the foundation upon which the deen is built andis built and by which actions become sound and correct, as
by which actions become sound and correct, as He the Most High, said:He the Most High, said: •
• ““so whoever hopes for the meeting with his lord let him workso whoever hopes for the meeting with his lord let him work righteousness and associate none as a partner in the workship righteousness and associate none as a partner in the workship of his lord
of his lord .”.” Al Kahf 18:110 Al Kahf 18:110 •
• ““so worship Allah(alone) by doing religious deeds sincerely for so worship Allah(alone) by doing religious deeds sincerely for Allah`s sake only. Surely the religion is for Allah alone
Allah`s sake only. Surely the religion is for Allah alone.”.” Az- Az- Zumar 39:2-3
Zumar 39:2-3 •
• These noble verses prove that actions are only accepted These noble verses prove that actions are only accepted when they are purewhen they are pure and free from shirk .
•
• Aqeedah is ‘tawqeefiyyah’ meaning that it is only established through Aqeedah is ‘tawqeefiyyah’ meaning that it is only established through
evidence from the shari’ah. Thus, its sources are restricted to what has been evidence from the shari’ah. Thus, its sources are restricted to what has been reported in the Quran and Sunnah. Since no one
reported in the Quran and Sunnah. Since no one has more knowledge thenhas more knowledge then Allah and after him no one has more knowledge then the messenger
Allah and after him no one has more knowledge then the messenger (sallallaahu alaihi wasallam). Thus the manhaj of
(sallallaahu alaihi wasallam). Thus the manhaj of the Salaf us-Saalih andthe Salaf us-Saalih and those who followed them in learning the ‘aqeedah was restricted
those who followed them in learning the ‘aqeedah was restricted to theto the Quran and Sunnah.
Quran and Sunnah. •
• The prophet muhammed (sallallaahu alaihi wasallam), stayed in MakkahThe prophet muhammed (sallallaahu alaihi wasallam), stayed in Makkah for thirteen years calling the people to tawheed, and
for thirteen years calling the people to tawheed, and the rectification of the rectification of ‘aqeedah because it is the foundation upon which the deen is
‘aqeedah because it is the foundation upon which the deen is built. Thebuilt. The types of Tawheed are three: Tawheed ar-Ruboobiyyah, Tawheed types of Tawheed are three: Tawheed ar-Ruboobiyyah, Tawheed al-Uloohiyyah and Tawheed al-Asmaa was-Sifaat.
Tawheed
Tawheed
ar-Ruboobiy
ar-Ruboobiy
yah
yah
•
• is singling out Allaah the Exalted with (the actions of) creation, providingis singling out Allaah the Exalted with (the actions of) creation, providing sustenance, giving life, causing death, and all of the types of regulation and sustenance, giving life, causing death, and all of the types of regulation and administration of the dominion of the heavens and earth,
administration of the dominion of the heavens and earth, •
• and (also) singling Him out, the Exalted, with (the right to) judgement andand (also) singling Him out, the Exalted, with (the right to) judgement and legislation and sending of the Messengers and revealing of Books.
legislation and sending of the Messengers and revealing of Books.
•
• Examples of Tawheed ar-Ruboobiyyah from the Quran:Examples of Tawheed ar-Ruboobiyyah from the Quran: •
• ""Verily, to Him belongs the creation and the comman, blessed beVerily, to Him belongs the creation and the comman, blessed be Allaah, the Lord of the worlds"
Allaah, the Lord of the worlds" (al-A`raaf 7:54).(al-A`raaf 7:54). •
• Praise be to Praise be to Allah, Lord Allah, Lord of the of the Worlds, Worlds, The Beneficent, theThe Beneficent, the Merciful. Owner of the Day of Judgment
Merciful. Owner of the Day of Judgment (1:2-3)(1:2-3)
Then praise be to Allah, Lord of the heavens and Lord of the Then praise be to Allah, Lord of the heavens and Lord of the earth, the Lord
earth, the Lord of the of the Worlds. Worlds. And unto And unto Him (alone) belonHim (alone) belongethgeth Majesty in the heavens and the earth, and He is the Mighty, the Majesty in the heavens and the earth, and He is the Mighty, the
Wise.
Wise. (Jasiya: 36-37)(Jasiya: 36-37)
• •
•
• Naught of disaster befalleth in the earth or in yourselves but it Naught of disaster befalleth in the earth or in yourselves but it is in a Book before we bring it into being - Lo! that is easy for is in a Book before we bring it into being - Lo! that is easy for Allah - That ye grieve not for the sake of that which hath
Allah - That ye grieve not for the sake of that which hath escaped you, nor yet exult because of that which hath been escaped you, nor yet exult because of that which hath been given. Allah loveth not all prideful boasters, Who hoard and given. Allah loveth not all prideful boasters, Who hoard and who enjoin upon the people avarice. And whosoever turneth who enjoin upon the people avarice. And whosoever turneth away, still Allah is the Absolute, the Owner of Praise.
away, still Allah is the Absolute, the Owner of Praise. (Hadeed:22- (Hadeed:22-24)
24) •
• Unto Allah belongeth the Sovereignty of the heavens and theUnto Allah belongeth the Sovereignty of the heavens and the earth and whatsoever is therein, and He is Able to do all things. earth and whatsoever is therein, and He is Able to do all things.
(Maida:120) (Maida:120) •
• And verily, We have sent among every Ummah (community, And verily, We have sent among every Ummah (community,
nation) a Messenger (proclaiming): 'Worship Allah (Alone), and nation) a Messenger (proclaiming): 'Worship Allah (Alone), and avoid (or keep away from) Taghut (all false deities etc. i.e. do
avoid (or keep away from) Taghut (all false deities etc. i.e. do not worship Taghut besides Allah).'
•
• Tawheed ar-Ruboobiyyah from the Sunnah:Tawheed ar-Ruboobiyyah from the Sunnah: •
• I heard the Prophet (May the peace and blessing of Allah be upon I heard the Prophet (May the peace and blessing of Allah be upon him)him) read this verse: "They (Jews and Christians) took their rabbis and their read this verse: "They (Jews and Christians) took their rabbis and their monks to be their lords besides Allah, and Messiah -son of Maryam, while monks to be their lords besides Allah, and Messiah -son of Maryam, while they were commanded to worship none but One Ilah (God Allah) La ilaha they were commanded to worship none but One Ilah (God Allah) La ilaha illa Huwa (none has the right to be worshipped but He). Praise and glory illa Huwa (none has the right to be worshipped but He). Praise and glory be to Him, (far above is He)
be to Him, (far above is He) from having the partners they associate (withfrom having the partners they associate (with Him)". (9:31) So I said to him (May
Him)". (9:31) So I said to him (May Allah be pleased with him)' "Verily, weAllah be pleased with him)' "Verily, we did not worship them," to which he replied, "Did they not make Haram did not worship them," to which he replied, "Did they not make Haram what Allah made Halal so you then made it Haram, and (did they
what Allah made Halal so you then made it Haram, and (did they not)not) make Halal what Allah made Haram and you therefore made it
make Halal what Allah made Haram and you therefore made it Halal?" I Halal?" I said, "Yes." He said, "That is worshipping them."
said, "Yes." He said, "That is worshipping them." •
• [Reported by Ahmad and At- Tirmidhi who graded it as Hasan (fair).][Reported by Ahmad and At- Tirmidhi who graded it as Hasan (fair).] •
•
On the authority of Abu Dharr al-Ghifari (may Allah be
On the authority of Abu Dharr al-Ghifari (may Allah be pleased with him)pleased with him) from the Prophet (PBUH) is that among the sayings he relates from his from the Prophet (PBUH) is that among the sayings he relates from his Lord (may He be glorified) is that He said:
O My servants, I have forbidden oppression for Myself and have made it O My servants, I have forbidden oppression for Myself and have made it
forbidden amongst you, so do not oppress one another. O My servants, all of forbidden amongst you, so do not oppress one another. O My servants, all of
you are astray except for those I have guided, so seek guidance of Me and I you are astray except for those I have guided, so seek guidance of Me and I shall guide you, O My servants, all of you are hungry except for those I have shall guide you, O My servants, all of you are hungry except for those I have fed, so seek food of Me and I shall feed you. O My servants, all of you are naked fed, so seek food of Me and I shall feed you. O My servants, all of you are naked
except for those I have clothed, so seek clothing of Me and I shall clothe you. O except for those I have clothed, so seek clothing of Me and I shall clothe you. O My servants, you sin by night and by day, and I forgive all sins, so seek
My servants, you sin by night and by day, and I forgive all sins, so seek
forgiveness of Me and I shall forgive you. O My servants, you will not attain forgiveness of Me and I shall forgive you. O My servants, you will not attain
harming Me so as to harm Me, and will not attain benefitting Me so as to harming Me so as to harm Me, and will not attain benefitting Me so as to
benefit Me. O My servants, were the first of you and the last of you, the human benefit Me. O My servants, were the first of you and the last of you, the human of you and the jinn of you to be as pious as the most pious heart of any one man of you and the jinn of you to be as pious as the most pious heart of any one man of you, that would not increase My kingdom in anything. O My servants, were of you, that would not increase My kingdom in anything. O My servants, were the first of you and the last of you, the human of you and the jinn of you to be the first of you and the last of you, the human of you and the jinn of you to be as wicked as the most wicked heart of any one man of you, that would not as wicked as the most wicked heart of any one man of you, that would not
decrease My kingdom in anything. O My servants, were the first of you and the decrease My kingdom in anything. O My servants, were the first of you and the last of you, the human of you and the jinn of you to rise up in one place and last of you, the human of you and the jinn of you to rise up in one place and make a request of Me, and were I to give everyone what he requested, that make a request of Me, and were I to give everyone what he requested, that would not decrease what I have, any more that a needle decreases the sea if would not decrease what I have, any more that a needle decreases the sea if put into it. O My servants, it is but your deeds that I reckon up for you and then put into it. O My servants, it is but your deeds that I reckon up for you and then
recompense you for, so let him finds good praise Allah and let him who finds recompense you for, so let him finds good praise Allah and let him who finds other that blame no one but himself.
other that blame no one but himself. •
Tawheed al-Uloohiyyah
Tawheed al-Uloohiyyah
•
• Tawheed Ul-Uloohiyyah is singling out Allah alone in all acts Tawheed Ul-Uloohiyyah is singling out Allah alone in all acts of worship.of worship. When we say all acts of
When we say all acts of worship it means the worship actions of the slavesworship it means the worship actions of the slaves which they do in a legislated manner in order to
which they do in a legislated manner in order to seek nearness to Him, suchseek nearness to Him, such as supplication, vowing, sacrifice, hope, fear, trust, awe,
as supplication, vowing, sacrifice, hope, fear, trust, awe, dread and turningdread and turning in repentance.
in repentance. •
• Tawheed Ul-Uloohiyyah is Tawheed- Al-'IbaadahTawheed Ul-Uloohiyyah is Tawheed- Al-'Ibaadah •
• It is termed as such because Al-Uluhiyyah is a description of AllaIt is termed as such because Al-Uluhiyyah is a description of Allaah, whichah, which is indicative of His Name Allaah. So
is indicative of His Name Allaah. So Allaah is the One who possessesAllaah is the One who possesses Uluhiyyah i.e. the One who deserves to be worshipped. It is also
Uluhiyyah i.e. the One who deserves to be worshipped. It is also known asknown as Tawheed
Tawheed Al-'Ibaadah with regard to Al-'Ibaadah with regard to the fact that ubudiyythe fact that ubudiyyah (worship) is aah (worship) is a description of the
description of the slave, whereby it is obligslave, whereby it is obligatory upon him to atory upon him to worshipworship Allaah sincerely because of
Allaah sincerely because of his dependence on his dependence on His Lord and his pHis Lord and his poverty inoverty in front of Him.
•
• Tawheed Ul-Uloohiyyah was the essence of the call of the messengers, fromTawheed Ul-Uloohiyyah was the essence of the call of the messengers, from the first to the last of them.
the first to the last of them.
• •
•
• Allah, Allah, the the Most Most High, High, said:said:
"And verily, We have sent among every ummah a messenger "And verily, We have sent among every ummah a messenger (proclaiming): "Worship Allaah (alone), and shun the
(proclaiming): "Worship Allaah (alone), and shun the taaghoot.""
taaghoot."" [An-Nahl (16):36] [An-Nahl (16):36] •
• The Most High said:The Most High said: •
• "And We did not send any messenger before you but We"And We did not send any messenger before you but We inspired
inspired him (saying): Laa ilaaha him (saying): Laa ilaaha illa Ana [noilla Ana [none has the ne has the right right to be worshipped but I], so worship Me (alone and none else)." to be worshipped but I], so worship Me (alone and none else)." [al-Anbiyaa [al-Anbiyaa (21):25] (21):25] • • • •
Every messenger began
Every messenger began the call to the call to his nation with his nation with the command the command to establish Tawheed Al-Uluhiyyah. As Nuh, Hud, Saleh and
to establish Tawheed Al-Uluhiyyah. As Nuh, Hud, Saleh and Shu'aib said:
Shu'aib said:
"Indeed, We sent Nuh to his people and he said: "O my people, "Indeed, We sent Nuh to his people and he said: "O my people,
worship
worship Allaah! You Allaah! You have no have no other ilaah other ilaah (deity worthy (deity worthy of of worship) but Him."
worship) but Him." [al- 'Aaraaf (7):59] [al- 'Aaraaf (7):59] “
“ And to And to 'Aad We 'Aad We sent their sent their brother Hud. brother Hud. He said: He said: "O my "O my people,people, worship
worship Allaah! You Allaah! You have no have no other ilaah other ilaah (deity worthy (deity worthy of of worship) but Him."
•
•
"
"
And to (the people of) Madyan, We sent their brother Shu'aib. And to (the people of) Madyan, We sent their brother Shu'aib. He said: "O my people, worship Allaah! You have no other ilaah He said: "O my people, worship Allaah! You have no other ilaah(deity worthy of worship) but Him."
(deity worthy of worship) but Him." [al-'Aaraaf (7):85] [al-'Aaraaf (7):85] "And
"And Ibraaheem when he Ibraaheem when he said to his said to his people: "Worship people: "Worship AllaahAllaah (alone), and fear Him." [al- 'Ankabut
(alone), and fear Him." [al- 'Ankabut (29):16] (29):16] •
• He, the Most High, revealed to Muhammad (sallallaahu alaihiHe, the Most High, revealed to Muhammad (sallallaahu alaihi wasallam):
wasallam): “
“
Say: "Verily, I am commanded to worship Allaah (alone) by Say: "Verily, I am commanded to worship Allaah (alone) by
making the deen sincerely for Him." [az-Zumar
making the deen sincerely for Him." [az-Zumar (39):11] (39):11] •
• He (sallallaahu alaihi wasallam) said: "I have been ordered to He (sallallaahu alaihi wasallam) said: "I have been ordered to fight the people
•
• until they testify that none has the right to be worshipped until they testify that none has the right to be worshipped except Allaah and Muhammad is the messenger of Allaah." except Allaah and Muhammad is the messenger of Allaah." (Reported by Bukhaari and Muslim).
(Reported by Bukhaari and Muslim).
"And to Thamu
"And to Thamud We sed We sent their nt their brother Saalih. brother Saalih. He said: He said: "O my"O my people, worship Allaah! You have no other ilaah (deity worthy people, worship Allaah! You have no other ilaah (deity worthy of worship) but Him."
•
• Examples of Tawheed al-Uloohiyyah from the SunnahExamples of Tawheed al-Uloohiyyah from the Sunnah •
• Mu'aadh bin Jabal narratedMu'aadh bin Jabal narrated: "I was riding behind the Prophet (May the peace: "I was riding behind the Prophet (May the peace and blessing of Allah be upon him) on a
and blessing of Allah be upon him) on a •
• donkey and he said to me "O Mu'adh, do you know what is the right of Allah ondonkey and he said to me "O Mu'adh, do you know what is the right of Allah on his slaves and what is the right of the slaves upon Allah?" I responded: "Allah his slaves and what is the right of the slaves upon Allah?" I responded: "Allah and His Messenger know best." He continued, "The Right of Allah upon His and His Messenger know best." He continued, "The Right of Allah upon His slaves is to worship Him Alone and never to associate anything with him. The slaves is to worship Him Alone and never to associate anything with him. The right of slaves upon Him is not to punish any person who does not associate right of slaves upon Him is not to punish any person who does not associate anything with Him." I said: "O Allah's Messenger, may I not give the glad anything with Him." I said: "O Allah's Messenger, may I not give the glad tidings to the people?" He replied: "No. Do not inform them lest they rely on tidings to the people?" He replied: "No. Do not inform them lest they rely on (this promise and lapse in their service to Him).”
(this promise and lapse in their service to Him).” [The above Hadith is[The above Hadith is mentioned in two Sahih Books (Al-Bukhari and Muslim)].
mentioned in two Sahih Books (Al-Bukhari and Muslim)]. •
• Ayat Ul-Kursi established Tawheed Ul-Uloohiyyah Ayat Ul-Kursi established Tawheed Ul-Uloohiyyah •
• Allah's saying "Allahu Laa ilaaha illaa Huwa" establishes the principle of Allah's saying "Allahu Laa ilaaha illaa Huwa" establishes the principle of
Uloohiyyah, which is itself the foundation of Tawheed, and from which stems Uloohiyyah, which is itself the foundation of Tawheed, and from which stems Islam's attitude to life in general. This principle obliges us to be worshipers of Islam's attitude to life in general. This principle obliges us to be worshipers of none but Allah. Man should direct his service, worship and obedience to Him none but Allah. Man should direct his service, worship and obedience to Him alone, adjudicate only by this laws and derive his values, ethics and ideas only alone, adjudicate only by this laws and derive his values, ethics and ideas only from Allah. from Allah. • • • •
•
• It was related by `Obadat ibn as-Samet that the Prophet of Allah--peace be uponIt was related by `Obadat ibn as-Samet that the Prophet of Allah--peace be upon him--said:
him--said:
"Whoever witnesses that
"Whoever witnesses that "There is no god worthy of worship, except Allah,"There is no god worthy of worship, except Allah,
alone, without associate, and that Mohammed is His servant and apostle, that alone, without associate, and that Mohammed is His servant and apostle, that `Esa [Jesus] is the servant of Allah and His apostle, His command unto Mary `Esa [Jesus] is the servant of Allah and His apostle, His command unto Mary and of His spirit, that Paradise and Hell are true", Allah would on that account and of His spirit, that Paradise and Hell are true", Allah would on that account enter him into Paradise."
enter him into Paradise." •
• Abu Saeed al-Khudri reported that the Prophet of Allah--peace be upon him-- Abu Saeed al-Khudri reported that the Prophet of Allah--peace be upon him--said:
said: "When Musa [Moses] asked Allah to teach him"When Musa [Moses] asked Allah to teach him
a prayer to recite whenever he remembered or called upon Him, Allah a prayer to recite whenever he remembered or called upon Him, Allah
answered: "Say, O Musa, "There is no god worthy of worship, except Allah." answered: "Say, O Musa, "There is no god worthy of worship, except Allah." Musa said: "O Lord, all your servants say these words."
Musa said: "O Lord, all your servants say these words." Allah said:
Allah said:
"O Musa, if the seven heavens and all they hold, and the seven earths as well, if "O Musa, if the seven heavens and all they hold, and the seven earths as well, if all these were weighed against this word of "There is no god worthy of
all these were weighed against this word of "There is no god worthy of worship, except Allah" the latter would outweigh the former."
worship, except Allah" the latter would outweigh the former." •
•
• The meaning The meaning of worship of worship in in Tawheed Ul-UloohTawheed Ul-Uloohiyyahiyyah •
• •
• As we have said earlier that Tawheed Ul-Uloohiyyah is to worship Allah alone, As we have said earlier that Tawheed Ul-Uloohiyyah is to worship Allah alone, and the foundation of worship is humility and submission. In the deen it has and the foundation of worship is humility and submission. In the deen it has many definitions, but their meaning is the same. Amongst them:
many definitions, but their meaning is the same. Amongst them: -
- Worship Worship is submission is submission to to Allaah Allaah with utmwith utmost ost humility humility and land love of ove of Him.Him. •
• - - Worship is Worship is obedience obedience to to Allaah Allaah by cby complying omplying to to that which that which Allaah Allaah hashas commanded upon the tongues of His Messengers.
commanded upon the tongues of His Messengers. •
• - - A more A more general definition general definition is a is a comprehensive term comprehensive term for everything for everything that Allaahthat Allaah loves and is pleased with from speech and actions, outwardly and inwardly.
loves and is pleased with from speech and actions, outwardly and inwardly. •
• Worship is the reason for which Allaah has created the creation. TheWorship is the reason for which Allaah has created the creation. The Most
Most High, High, said:said: •
• "And I created the jinns and humans only to worship Me (alone). I do not seek "And I created the jinns and humans only to worship Me (alone). I do not seek any provision from them nor do I ask that they should feed Me. Verily, Allaah is any provision from them nor do I ask that they should feed Me. Verily, Allaah is the Provider of
the Provider of all, All-Poall, All-Power, the Most wer, the Most Strong." Strong." [adh-Dhariyaat (51):56-58][adh-Dhariyaat (51):56-58] •
•
• Allaah has informed us that the wisdom behind creating the jinn andAllaah has informed us that the wisdom behind creating the jinn and mankind is their establishment of the worship of Allaah and He
mankind is their establishment of the worship of Allaah and He is not inis not in need of their worship rather they are the ones who need it
need of their worship rather they are the ones who need it due to theirdue to their
poverty in front of Allaah. So they worship Him in accordance with His poverty in front of Allaah. So they worship Him in accordance with His
shari'ah.
shari'ah. So So whoever whoever refuses refuses to to worship worship Him Him is is arrogant arrogant andand whoever
whoever worships worships Him Him while while worshipping worshipping others others besides besides Him Him is is aa mushrik. Whoever worships Him alone by other than that which He mushrik. Whoever worships Him alone by other than that which He legislated is an
legislated is an innovator. And whoinnovator. And whoever worships ever worships Him alone by Him alone by that whichthat which he legislated is a believer, a muwahhid.
he legislated is a believer, a muwahhid. •
• •
• Committing Committing Shirk with Shirk with regard regard to Tawheed to Tawheed Ul-UloohiyyahUl-Uloohiyyah •
• •
• Tawheed Ul-Uloohiyyah is singling out Allah alone in acts of worship. TheTawheed Ul-Uloohiyyah is singling out Allah alone in acts of worship. The arabs of Jahiliyyah (disbelievers) did not reject that
arabs of Jahiliyyah (disbelievers) did not reject that Allah is the Lord andAllah is the Lord and Creator, but they worship besides Allah too, which take them out of
Creator, but they worship besides Allah too, which take them out of fold of fold of Islam.
Islam. •
• •
• Following are the four different ways of committing shirk by people withFollowing are the four different ways of committing shirk by people with regard to Tawheed Ul-Uloohiyyah:
regard to Tawheed Ul-Uloohiyyah: •
•
• Committing shirk in muhabbah (love)Committing shirk in muhabbah (love) i.e. they love the creation morei.e. they love the creation more than Allah or instead of Allah All
than Allah or instead of Allah Allah says in Surah Al-Baqarh, Ayat 165:ah says in Surah Al-Baqarh, Ayat 165: •
• •
• "And (yet) among the people are those who take other than Allah as "And (yet) among the people are those who take other than Allah as equalsequals (to Him). They love them as they (should) love Allah..."
(to Him). They love them as they (should) love Allah..." •
• •
• From this Ayat, it is clear that From this Ayat, it is clear that whoever renders love to anyone equal to thewhoever renders love to anyone equal to the love he renders to Allah is to
love he renders to Allah is to regarded to have committed shirk.regarded to have committed shirk. •
• •
• Committing shirk in dua (supplication)Committing shirk in dua (supplication) i.e. supplicating andi.e. supplicating and requesting from the creation, that which only Allah can
requesting from the creation, that which only Allah can provide.provide. •
• •
• Since Allah is the Creator and Lord Since Allah is the Creator and Lord of this universe, so its important that weof this universe, so its important that we ask Allah for everything and does not ask the creation for anything which ask Allah for everything and does not ask the creation for anything which only Allah can provide.
only Allah can provide. •
• •
• Committing shirk in Niyyah Committing shirk in Niyyah (intentions)(intentions) i.e. their intentions, purposei.e. their intentions, purpose and determination in acts of worships or religious deeds is not
and determination in acts of worships or religious deeds is not for the sakefor the sake of Allah only but directed towards other deities
•
• On the day of Judgment, one of the happiest moment for a belieOn the day of Judgment, one of the happiest moment for a believer will bever will be when theysee the face of Allah. In one of
when theysee the face of Allah. In one of the Sahih hadith, Prophet said:the Sahih hadith, Prophet said: •
• •
• "Allah will not permit to be "Allah will not permit to be consigned to Hell anyone who witnesses ‘Thereconsigned to Hell anyone who witnesses ‘There is no god worthy of worship, except Allah’ seeking thereby nothing but
is no god worthy of worship, except Allah’ seeking thereby nothing but Allah's face."
Allah's face." •
• •
• Thus any servant of Allah, who believe that Thus any servant of Allah, who believe that Allah is one, the Sole CreatorAllah is one, the Sole Creator and Provider and single Him out in worship, he will b
and Provider and single Him out in worship, he will be in jannah and wille in jannah and will see the face of Allah.
see the face of Allah. •
• But if one worships others, besides Allah, one intends to But if one worships others, besides Allah, one intends to seek other's faceseek other's face than the face of Allah, or others along
than the face of Allah, or others along with Allah.with Allah. •
• Committing shirk in ObedienceCommitting shirk in Obedience i.e. they follow rulings of others thani.e. they follow rulings of others than Allah i.e. they make Halal what Allah
Allah i.e. they make Halal what Allah has made Haraam and make Haraamhas made Haraam and make Haraam what Allah has made Halal.
what Allah has made Halal. •
• •
• Since obedience is a type of worship so Since obedience is a type of worship so it is obligatory upon us to beit is obligatory upon us to be obedient to Allah, first and foremost. It important to
obedient to Allah, first and foremost. It important to understand that nounderstand that no one is to be obeyed in any matter involving disobedience to Allah.
Al-Asma wa-Siffaat
Al-Asma wa-Siffaat
•
• DefinitionDefinition •
• Tawheed Al-Asma was Siffaat is to Tawheed Al-Asma was Siffaat is to Single out Allah with His most beautifulSingle out Allah with His most beautiful Names and most exalted Attributes mentioned in the Quran and the
Names and most exalted Attributes mentioned in the Quran and the Sunnah and to have Iman in their meanings and rulings.
Sunnah and to have Iman in their meanings and rulings. •
• The Proof from the Book that Allah haThe Proof from the Book that Allah has Names and Attributess Names and Attributes •
•
The Proof that Allah has Names The Proof that Allah has Names
ََننووُُللََممْْععََيي ْ ْااووََُُكك َ َ َ َننََْْززْْججََُُسس ِ ِههِِئئآآََممْْسسََأأ ِ
ِفف َ َننُُددِِ ححْْللُُيي َ َييِِذذّّاا ْ ْااُُررََََ َ
َِِبب ُ ُووََُُْْفف ىىََُُْْححْْاا ءءََممْْسسََاا ََِِ
•
• And (all) the Most Beautiful Names belong to Allâh, And (all) the Most Beautiful Names belong to Allâh, so call on Him by them,so call on Him by them, and leave the company of those who belie or
and leave the company of those who belie or deny (or utter impious speechdeny (or utter impious speech against) His Names. They will be requited for w
against) His Names. They will be requited for what they used to do. (Al-hat they used to do. (Al- A'raf 7:180)
A'raf 7:180) •
•
ى
ىََُُْْححْْاا ءءََممْْسسََْْاا ُ ُههََ َ َووُُ ّ
ِِّإإ َ َههََِِإإ َ َ ُ
ُّّاا
•
• Allâh! Lâ ilâhla illa Huwa (none has the right to be worshipped but He)! Allâh! Lâ ilâhla illa Huwa (none has the right to be worshipped but He)! ToTo Him belong the Best Names. (Ta-Ha 20:8)
• •
ُُ
ددُُققْْاا ُ ُِِللََممْْاا َ َووُُ ّ
ِِّإإ َ َههََِِإإ َ َ ِ
ِذذّّاا ُ ُّّاا َ َووُُ ُ ُِّ
ِّ
اا ُ ََُممّّْْاا َ َووُُ ِ
ِةةََََ ّّششااََ ِْ
ِْ ََغغْْاا ُ ََُِِ َ َووُ ُّ ّ ِِإإ َ َ ههََِِإإ َ َ ِ
ِذذّّاا ُ ُ ّّاا َ َووُُ
ُُههََ ُ ُررووََص
صُُممْْاا ُ ُِِررََْْاا ُ ََُِِخخْْاا ُ ُّّاا َ َووُُ َ
َننووُُككِِْْششُُيي ّ ّممَ َِ
ِ ّّاا َ َننََححُُْْسس ُ ََََُتتُُممْْاا ُ ُررََّّججْْاا ُ ُززييِِززََععْْاا ُ ُِِممََُُْْممْْاا ُ ُ ِِْْؤؤُُممْْاا ُ ُ ََّّ
اا
َُُِ
َِ ححْْاا ُ ُززييِِززََععْْاا َ َووََُُ ِ ِض
ضْْررََْْااََ ِ ِااََََممّّ
اا ِ
ِفف َ َ ُ ُههََ ُ ََُُُيي ىىََُُْْححْْاا ءءََممْْسسََْْاا
•• He is Allâh, than Whom there is Lâ ilâha He is Allâh, than Whom there is Lâ ilâha illa Huwa (none has the right to beilla Huwa (none has the right to be worshipped but He) the All-Knower of the unseen and
worshipped but He) the All-Knower of the unseen and the seen (open). Hethe seen (open). He is the Most Beneficent, the Most Merciful. He is Allâh
is the Most Beneficent, the Most Merciful. He is Allâh than Whom there isthan Whom there is Lâ ilâha illa Huwa
Lâ ilâha illa Huwa (none has the right to be worshipped but He) the King,(none has the right to be worshipped but He) the King, the Holy, the One Free from all defects, the
the Holy, the One Free from all defects, the Giver of security, the WatcherGiver of security, the Watcher over His creatures, the All-Mighty, the Compeller, the Supreme. Glory be to over His creatures, the All-Mighty, the Compeller, the Supreme. Glory be to Allâh! (High is He) above all that
Allâh! (High is He) above all that they associate as partners with Him. He isthey associate as partners with Him. He is Allâh, the Creator, the Inventor of all things, the Bestower of
Allâh, the Creator, the Inventor of all things, the Bestower of forms. To Himforms. To Him belong the Best Names. All that is in
belong the Best Names. All that is in the heavens and the earth glorify Him.the heavens and the earth glorify Him. And He is the All-Mighty, the All-Wise. (al Hashr
And He is the All-Mighty, the All-Wise. (al Hashr 59:22-24)59:22-24)
•
•
• The Proof that Allah has AttributesThe Proof that Allah has Attributes
ِِااََْْككِِْْااََ ِ ََََِججْْاا ُ ُ َ َ
ببََرر ُ ُههََْْ ىىََققََْْييََ
•
• And the Face of your Lord full of Majesty and Honour will abide forever. (Ar And the Face of your Lord full of Majesty and Honour will abide forever. (Ar Rahmaan 55:27)
Rahmaan 55:27) •
•
ََِ
ََِععْْاا َ َ ِِ َ َُ
ُكك ْ ْ ََأأ َ َََََْْْْتتْْسسََأأ ّ ََّددََِِبب ُ ُْْققََللََ َ
َممِِ َ َددُُججََْْ ننََأأ َ َََععََََ َ
َ ُ ُِ
ِللْْببِِإإ َ َيي ََ
ََ
•• (Allâh) said: "O Iblîs (Satan)! What prevents you from prostrating yourself to(Allâh) said: "O Iblîs (Satan)! What prevents you from prostrating yourself to one whom I have created with Both My Hands. Are you too proud (to fall
one whom I have created with Both My Hands. Are you too proud (to fall prostrate to Adam) or are you one of the highly exalted?" (Sad 38:75) prostrate to Adam) or are you one of the highly exalted?" (Sad 38:75)
Therefore these verses prove the necessity to affirm the Names and Attributes Therefore these verses prove the necessity to affirm the Names and Attributes •
• The Proof for the need to affirm Allah’s Names and Attributes The Proof for the need to affirm Allah’s Names and Attributes fromfrom the Sunnah of the Messenger (sallLAllahu alayhee wa salaam)
the Sunnah of the Messenger (sallLAllahu alayhee wa salaam) •
• It has been repoted by Abu Hurairah (may Allah be pleased with him) that theIt has been repoted by Abu Hurairah (may Allah be pleased with him) that the Messenger of Allah (Ssallallaahu alaihi wasallam) said:
Messenger of Allah (Ssallallaahu alaihi wasallam) said: •
• “Verily Allah has ninety-nine Names, one hundred except one whoever“Verily Allah has ninety-nine Names, one hundred except one whoever memorizes, and comprehends them will enter Paradise.”
memorizes, and comprehends them will enter Paradise.” •
• However the names of Allah are not restricted to this number due that whichHowever the names of Allah are not restricted to this number due that which has been reported from Abdullaah ibn Mas’ood that the Prophet (sallallaahu has been reported from Abdullaah ibn Mas’ood that the Prophet (sallallaahu alaihi wasallam) said:
•
• “I ask you by every Name which you have named yourself with or revealed“I ask you by every Name which you have named yourself with or revealed in your book or taught any of your creation or kept with
in your book or taught any of your creation or kept with yourself in theyourself in the knowledge of the unseen with you,that you make the Glorious Quraan the knowledge of the unseen with you,that you make the Glorious Quraan the life of my heart.”
life of my heart.”
ِِااََْْككِِْْااََ ِ ََََِججْْاا ُ َ
ُ َ
ببََرر ُ ُههََْْ ىىََققََْْييََ
•
• And the Face of your Lord full of Majesty an And the Face of your Lord full of Majesty and Honour will abide forever. (Ard Honour will abide forever. (Ar Rahmaan 55:27)
Rahmaan 55:27)
ََِ
ََِععْْاا َ َِِ َ َُ
ُكك ْ ََْأأ َ َََََْْْْتتْْسسََأأ ّ ََّددََِِبب ُ ُْْققََللََ َ
َممِِ َ َددُُججَْْ
َ ننََأأ َ َ ََععََََ َ
َ ُ ُِ
ِللْْببِِإإ َ َيي َ ََ
َ
•
• (Allâh) said: "O Iblîs (Satan)! (Allâh) said: "O Iblîs (Satan)! What prevents you from prostrating yourself What prevents you from prostrating yourself to one whom I have created with Both My Hands. Are
to one whom I have created with Both My Hands. Are you too proud (to fallyou too proud (to fall prostrate to Adam) or are you one of the
prostrate to Adam) or are you one of the highly exalted?" (Sad 38:75)highly exalted?" (Sad 38:75) •
• Therefore these verses prove the necessity to affirm the Names andTherefore these verses prove the necessity to affirm the Names and Attributes
Attributes •
• The Proof for the need to affirm Allah’s The Proof for the need to affirm Allah’s Names and AttributesNames and Attributes from the Sunnah of the Messenger (sallLAllahu
from the Sunnah of the Messenger (sallLAllahu alayhee waalayhee wa salaam)
salaam) •
• It has been repoted by Abu Hurairah (may Allah be It has been repoted by Abu Hurairah (may Allah be pleased with him) thatpleased with him) that the Messenger of Allah (Ssallallaahu alaihi wasallam)
the Messenger of Allah (Ssallallaahu alaihi wasallam) said:said: •
• “Verily Allah has ninety-nine Names, one hundred except one whoever“Verily Allah has ninety-nine Names, one hundred except one whoever memorizes, and comprehends them will enter Paradise.”
•
• However the names of Allah are not restricted However the names of Allah are not restricted to this number due thatto this number due that which has been reported from Abdullaah ibn Mas’ood that the Prophet which has been reported from Abdullaah ibn Mas’ood that the Prophet
(sallallaahu alaihi wasallam) said: (sallallaahu alaihi wasallam) said: •
• “I ask you by every Name which you have named yourself with or revealed“I ask you by every Name which you have named yourself with or revealed in your book or taught any of your creation or kept with
in your book or taught any of your creation or kept with yourself in theyourself in the knowledge of the unseen with you,that you make the Glorious Quraan the knowledge of the unseen with you,that you make the Glorious Quraan the life of my heart.”
life of my heart.” •
• The Connection between the Names and the Attributes of AllahThe Connection between the Names and the Attributes of Allah •
• Each of Allah’s Names comprises one of His Attributes. For every Name thatEach of Allah’s Names comprises one of His Attributes. For every Name that Allah has it indicates an Attribute
Allah has it indicates an Attribute to Himto Him •
•
N
Naamme e oof f AAllllaah h AAttttrriibbuuttees s iit t iinnddiiccaatteess
A
Al-Al-Aleleem em (t(the he AlAll-Kl-Knonowiwingng)) KnoKnowlewledgdgee A
All--HHaakkeeeem m ((tthhe e AAllll--WWiissee)) WWiissddoomm A
As s SaSamemee’ e’ (t(the he AlAll-Hl-Heaeariringng)) HeHearariningg A
Conclusion
Conclusion
The first thing that is compulsory upon an individual who is obligated The first thing that is compulsory upon an individual who is obligated
to
to observe the precepts observe the precepts of the of the religion is the religion is the testification that testification that there isthere is no
no one one worthy of worthy of worship except worship except Allaah and Allaah and then to then to act upon act upon itsits requirements. H
requirements. He, the e, the Most HigMost High, said:h, said: •
• •
• "So know Laa ilaaha ill Allaah (none has the right to be worshipped"So know Laa ilaaha ill Allaah (none has the right to be worshipped but Allaah), and ask forgiveness for your sin." [Muhammad (47):19]
but Allaah), and ask forgiveness for your sin." [Muhammad (47):19] •
• •
• Testificaiton i.e. "Laa ilaaha ill Testificaiton i.e. "Laa ilaaha ill Allaah" (there is no one worthy of worshipAllaah" (there is no one worthy of worship except Allaah)
except Allaah) is the is the belief and belief and affirmation thaffirmation that no at no one deserves one deserves to beto be worshipped e
worshipped except xcept Allaah, Allaah, its obligation its obligation and action and action upon it. upon it. So Laa So Laa ilaaha,ilaaha, negates the fact that anybody besides Allaah deserves worship no matter negates the fact that anybody besides Allaah deserves worship no matter who it is; and Illallaah, affirms the fact that only Allaah deserves to who it is; and Illallaah, affirms the fact that only Allaah deserves to be worshipped.
be worshipped. The general The general meaning of meaning of the statement the statement is that is that there isthere is no one who truly deserves to be worshipped except Allaah. The word no one who truly deserves to be worshipped except Allaah. The word 'Laa' must come with th
'Laa' must come with the word 'bihaqin' e word 'bihaqin' (truly). And that is (truly). And that is the essence of the essence of Tawheed Ul-Uloohiyyah.
In Islam Tawheed is very important infact it is
In Islam Tawheed is very important infact it is the most important thing if the most important thing if you really think about it. Five pillars of
you really think about it. Five pillars of Faith and the 6 pillars of ImanFaith and the 6 pillars of Iman
without understanding of Tawheed you cannot acheive the rewards of these without understanding of Tawheed you cannot acheive the rewards of these
actions. You cannot understand Shirk without the understanding of actions. You cannot understand Shirk without the understanding of Tawheed so this can mean a greater chance of
Tawheed so this can mean a greater chance of you falling into Shirk.you falling into Shirk. •
• To trully understand it you need to understand the categories for instanceTo trully understand it you need to understand the categories for instance the people of Abu Jahl understood Tawheed Ruboobiyah believed that Allah the people of Abu Jahl understood Tawheed Ruboobiyah believed that Allah is one and only creator, provider, giver of life a
is one and only creator, provider, giver of life and death owner of the powernd death owner of the power to harm and benefit. They associated no partners with him in
to harm and benefit. They associated no partners with him in this respect,this respect, but they made Shirk Uloohiyah by not singling him out in worship because but they made Shirk Uloohiyah by not singling him out in worship because
of
of Al-Uzza and Al-lat. So we as MuAl-Uzza and Al-lat. So we as Muslim need to understand slim need to understand and be very and be very careful and fully understand
careful and fully understand the three different tythe three different types of Tawheed pes of Tawheed to get theto get the hasanat and not sayaat.
hasanat and not sayaat.
“Do they associate with Allaah those who created nothing and
“Do they associate with Allaah those who created nothing and who arewho are themselves created?” (7:191)
•
• The Proof The Proof for Ar-Ruboobiyyah is the Proof for Ul-Uloohiyyahfor Ar-Ruboobiyyah is the Proof for Ul-Uloohiyyah •
• The Qur’aan is full of acknowledgement and explanation of Tawheed, andThe Qur’aan is full of acknowledgement and explanation of Tawheed, and in it many examples are given. Among these explanations is the
in it many examples are given. Among these explanations is the
acknowledgement of Tawheed ar-Ruboobiyyah, explaining that it means acknowledgement of Tawheed ar-Ruboobiyyah, explaining that it means that there is no Creator but Allaah, and
that there is no Creator but Allaah, and that this fact necessitates that nonethat this fact necessitates that none be worshipped except Allaah. So it places t
be worshipped except Allaah. So it places the first argument before thehe first argument before the
second. Since they (the mushrikeen) would only agree to the first argument, second. Since they (the mushrikeen) would only agree to the first argument, and they dismissed the second, He the Exalted made it clear to
and they dismissed the second, He the Exalted made it clear to them: Sincethem: Since you know that there is no Creator but Allaah al
you know that there is no Creator but Allaah alone, and He is the One whoone, and He is the One who gives the worshippers what they benefit from, and protects them from what gives the worshippers what they benefit from, and protects them from what harms them - there being no partner with Him in this -
harms them - there being no partner with Him in this - then why do youthen why do you worship other than Him and make gods other than Him? He the Beneficent worship other than Him and make gods other than Him? He the Beneficent
said (what means): said (what means): •
• “Say: ‘Praise is due to Allaah, “Say: ‘Praise is due to Allaah, and peace be upon His slaves whom He hasand peace be upon His slaves whom He has chosen (for His Message)! Is Allaah better, or w
chosen (for His Message)! Is Allaah better, or what you associate with Him?’hat you associate with Him?’ Isn't He (better than your gods) Who created the heavens and the Earth,
Isn't He (better than your gods) Who created the heavens and the Earth, and sent down water from the heavens for you, whereby We
and sent down water from the heavens for you, whereby We cause beautifulcause beautiful gardens of delight to grow? It is not in your pow
gardens of delight to grow? It is not in your power to grow their trees. Iser to grow their trees. Is there a god with Allaah? Rather they are people who
•
• In this passage, at the end of each ayah Allaah says: In this passage, at the end of each ayah Allaah says: “Is there a god with“Is there a god with Allaah?” Meaning, is there a god with Allaah t
Allaah?” Meaning, is there a god with Allaah that does this? This is ahat does this? This is a
rhetorical question which implies negation. They acknowledged that none rhetorical question which implies negation. They acknowledged that none did this other than Allaah so such was
did this other than Allaah so such was an argument against them. Thean argument against them. The question is not: “Are there in fact
question is not: “Are there in fact other gods with Allaah?” as someother gods with Allaah?” as some
speculate, because this meaning does not make sense when taken with the speculate, because this meaning does not make sense when taken with the rest of the statement. The people did place other gods with Allaa
rest of the statement. The people did place other gods with Allaah as Heh as He said:
said:
“Do you bear witness that with Allaah t
“Do you bear witness that with Allaah there are other gods? Say: ‘I do nothere are other gods? Say: ‘I do not bear witness’.” (6:19)
bear witness’.” (6:19) •
• •
• Tawheed al-Uluhiyyah is deduced from Tawheed Ar-Ruboobiyyah, it is notTawheed al-Uluhiyyah is deduced from Tawheed Ar-Ruboobiyyah, it is not the other way around. Whoever is unable to create,
the other way around. Whoever is unable to create, then he is powerless,then he is powerless, and there is no benefit in the powerless
and there is no benefit in the powerless being considered to be a god. Allaahbeing considered to be a god. Allaah said (what means):
•
•
And: “Is the one who creates like And: “Is the one who creates like the one who does not create? Why do youthe one who does not create? Why do you not reflect (upon this)?” (16:17)not reflect (upon this)?” (16:17) •
• •
• And: “If there were other gods with Him, as they say, then they would have And: “If there were other gods with Him, as they say, then they would have certainly sought a way before the Throne.” (17:42)
certainly sought a way before the Throne.” (17:42)
•
• Were did the text come from? about 3 different tawheed Were did the text come from? about 3 different tawheed explained of explained of Shaykh Albani (may Allah be please with him) with english translation Shaykh Albani (may Allah be please with him) with english translation running time 2.35mins
