EDC16C9_v1.4

EDC-16C9/C39

EDC-16C9/C39

Written by: Someone Written by: Someone Date: 2014

Date: 2014 Thanks to: A ot

Thanks to: A ot o! he"!# !or#m members$o! he"!# !or#m members$ %or more in!o:

%or more in!o:www.ecuconnections.comwww.ecuconnections.com &e'ision: 1(4

Index: Index:

Introduction: Introduction: The EDC16C9 an)

The EDC16C9 an) EDC16C39 are #se) in EDC16C39 are #se) in *"e +e,tra %iat Chroma A!a 1.6 SAA 9000 an) some *"e +e,tra %iat Chroma A!a 1.6 SAA 9000 an) some other ,ars thatother ,ars that #se 1(9,)ti enine(

#se 1(9,)ti enine( The system ooks a ot The system ooks a ot ike the EDC1. system b#t the ike the EDC1. system b#t the EDC16 system is base) on EDC16 system is base) on TTor#e mor#e m instea) o! 5ne,te) 7#antity( There are a !e8 more )i!!eren,es that are e"aine) in this )o,#ment( %or the

instea) o! 5ne,te) 7#antity( There are a !e8 more )i!!eren,es that are e"aine) in this )o,#ment( %or the eam"es in this )o,#ment 5 #se) the "ro t#ne) *"e Astra 1(9 ,)ti 16' 1.0bh" !ie( The

eam"es in this )o,#ment 5 #se) the "ro t#ne) *"e Astra 1(9 ,)ti 16' 1.0bh" !ie( The "i,t#res sho8 t#ne) !ie"i,t#res sho8 t#ne) !ie an) )i!!eren,e !rom oriina by Deta or (

an) )i!!eren,e !rom oriina by Deta or ( 5 ,hose to #se

5 ,hose to #se )i!!eren)i!!erent 'a#es in t 'a#es in my rema" ho"e my e"anation 8i not be my rema" ho"e my e"anation 8i not be ,on!#sin !or yo#(,on!#sin !or yo#( ;ere yo# ,an !in) the "ro t#ne) !i

;ere yo# ,an !in) the "ro t#ne) !ie:e: htt"://888

htt"://888(e,#,onne,tions(,om/!o(e,#,onne,tions(,om/!or#m/'ie8to"i,("h"<!=1.2>t=1.660>"=?1062>r#m/'ie8to"i,("h"<!=1.2>t=1.660>"=?1062>hiit="ro@[email protected]"?1062hiit="ro@[email protected]"?1062

There are some

There are some mistakmistakes in es in ma"-"a,kBma"-"a,kB

This Guide has no intention to show how to save money by

This Guide has no intention to show how to save money by DIY remap as it is DIY remap as it is a Mission Impossible.a Mission Impossible. This GuideThis Guide intends to brief you about control and operation of the 1. DT! en"ines so can en#oy playin" with it. $e aware that intends to brief you about control and operation of the 1. DT! en"ines so can en#oy playin" with it. $e aware that this could be an expensive hobby. !ave fun.

Car data

Car data

Z19DTH - 1.9CDTI 150BHP Z19DTH - 1.9CDTI 150BHP Engine Specification Engine Specification Engine, location:

Engine, location:

 Front, transverse in front of axle 17º 2

 Front, transverse in front of axle 17º 24' forward inclined

4' forward inclined

Cooling sste!:

Cooling sste!:

 Liquid, sealed circuit

 Liquid, sealed circuit

Clin"e#s, n$!%e#: Clin"e#s, n$!%e#:

 4

 4

Bo#e &!!' Bo#e &!!'

 82

 82

St#o(e &!!': St#o(e &!!':

 90.4

 90.4

Displace!ent &cc': Displace!ent &cc':

 1910

 1910

Co!p#ession #atio: Co!p#ession #atio:

 17.! 1

 17.! 1

Engine, tpe:

Engine, tpe:

 "n line#  $ain %earin&s

 "n line#  $ain %earin&s

Clin"e# %loc() *ea", !ate#ial:

Clin"e# %loc() *ea", !ate#ial:

ast iron( alu$iniu$

ast iron( alu$iniu$

Ca!s*aft &s', location:

Ca!s*aft &s', location:

 2 over)ead *+-, driven %/ toot)ed %elt

 2 over)ead *+-, driven %/ toot)ed %elt

+ale t#ain:

+ale t#ain:

 "ndirect, roller ca$ followers

 "ndirect, roller ca$ followers

+

+ale, ale, a##ange!ent:a##ange!ent:

 "n line#

 "n line# 4 er

4 er c/linder 

c/linder alve,

alve,

"$st!ent:

"$st!ent:

 uto$atic 3 )/draulic

 uto$atic 3 )/draulic

/$el sste!:

/$el sste!:

 +iesel direct inection, co$$on rail

 +iesel direct inection, co$$on rail

Ignition sste!: Ignition sste!:

 n(a

 n(a

/$el p$!p:

/$el p$!p:

 -i&) ressure $ec)anic

 -i&) ressure $ec)anic

E!ission cont#ol sste!:

E!ission cont#ol sste!:

 23 wa/ cat. conv. *oxidi5in& catal/tic converter ex)aust &as recirculation +6F

 23 wa/ cat. conv. *oxidi5in& catal/tic converter ex)aust &as recirculation +6F

$tp$t

$tp$t

 *()  at 1($in! 110( 10 at 4000

 *()  at 1($in! 110( 10 at 4000

Specific poe# &(2)l3 *p)l':

Specific poe# &(2)l3 *p)l':

 7.:# 78.

 7.:# 78.

4a. to#6$e &7! at 1) !in':

4a. to#6$e &7! at 1) !in':

 ;1 at 2000

 ;1 at 2000

Specific to#6$e &7!)lit#e':

Specific to#6$e &7!)lit#e':

 1:4.9

 1:4.9

4ean effectie p#ess$#e at !a. poe#) !a. to#6$e &(Pa':

4ean effectie p#ess$#e at !a. poe#) !a. to#6$e &(Pa':

1727.7( 207;.4

1727.7( 207;.4

e#age piston spee" &!) s': e#age piston spee" &!) s':

 12.1

 12.1

Engine oil, capacit &l': Engine oil, capacit &l':

 4.;

 4.;

Cooling capacit &l': Cooling capacit &l':

 7.

 7.

Batte#

capacit &*':

 70

lte#nato#

 14.2 ,

Capacit &2':

 1420

4a. se#ice inte#al:

 20,000 $iles or 1 /ear 

E!ission co!pliance:

 uro 4

Engine !ass &(g':

 t%a

C*a#ge# sste!:

 <ur%o wit) intercooler

4a. %oost p#ess$#e &%a#':

 t%a

6ower utut * <orque *=$

8009 isin 2a#ne# /0- &4;' /2D < &4=E' 2D T#ans!ission

Tpe:

six seed front w)eel drive, electonicall/ controlled auto$atic tans$ission

wit) torque converter clutc)

4ai!$! engine to#6$e:

400 =$ *>asoline, 40 =$ *+iesel

>ea# ?atios: 4; < 4=E

1st

4.1

8n"

2.;7

;#"

1.:

t*

1.1:

5t*

0.8:

t*

0.:9

?E+

;.;9

/)D

2,:1 ( 2,::: ( 2,774 ( 2,8;9 ( 2,9 ( ;,07 ( ;,200 ( ;,;29 ( ;,4:4 ( ;,:40 (

;,70

?atio sp#ea"

:,0!1

4in inp$t spee":

:0 r$

4ai!$! ali"ate" g#oss e*icle

eig*t:

2; & *?@09 el "nsi&nia -A F40 + 28=<

S*ifting !ec*anis!:

"nte&rated osition sensor wit) <?

S*ifting positions:

6,B,=,+ *%/ ca%le C <itronic *%/ =

Case !ate#ial:

+ie cast alu$inu$

Cente# "istance:

197 $$

e#all lengt*:

;8 $$

S*ift patte#n:

6ulse widt) $odulated solenoid control

S*ift 6$alit:

aria%le %leed solenoid

To#6$e cone#te# cl$tc*:

6ulse widt) $odulated solenoid control

aila%le cont#ol feat$#es:

co ?ode

Delective Dort ?ode

+rivers dative *Fu55/

?anual ?ode *<itronic

E -ill ontrol

+own -ill ontrol

<orque Li$itation *axle s)aft rotection

Fast cceleration FF

Fast cceleration =

D)ift %/ <e$erature

Arae ssist

ornerin& ontrol

6ass3%/ =oise <est Function

+ifferential 6rotection

ar$3u D)ift 6attern *ED6

 =eutral ontrol

L3u Dli ontrol *drive C coast

<i uto +own

<i uto E

"$roved +owns)ift 6rotection

E D)ift 6revention

Low $ onrol

-i&)est >ear in Li$ -o$e

>ear Dta%ili5ation

EBD II, BD

Cone#te# si@e:

241 C 2:0

(-/acto#:

142 3 22 

To#6$e #atio:

2,0 3 2,;2

/l$i" tpe

31 *low friction, lifeti$e fill

T#ans!ission eig*t &"#':

87 &

/l$i" capacit

:,9: & *incl. cooler

P#ess$#e taps aaila%le:

ccess to all clutc)es C %raes ossi%le

ss!%l site:

no it/, aan

pplications:

el stra, Gafira, ectra

Map address, dimensions and factors

Fuel related maps

1. Drivers wish Maps: General:

This ma" sho8s the re#ire) tor#e base) on the & an) the Throtte "osition( The o#t"#t o! this ma" is Tor#e in m( There may be more )ri'ers 8ish ma"s in the !ie 5 #se) !or this #i)e there 8ere 3 )ri'ers 8ish ma"s(

%. Tor&ue limiter: General:

This ma" imits the tor#e o! the enine base) on & an) atmos"heri, "ress#re( The o#t"#t o! this ma" is aso Tor#e in m( This is 2D ma"(

'. (m to I) conversion map: General:

*. I) limiter map: General:

+. Gear Dependent Tor&ue ,imiter General:

%rom !irst to sith ear an) re'erse those ma" names s"eak !or it( They ook ike that: 00002 0063. 04000 10000 10000

5n *"e ,ars the )ata a!ter 10000 are #n#se) ti the net 00002 then starts the net imiter 21(

Those ma"s ,o#) start aso 8ith 'a#e 3000 an) )e"en)in o! the ear ha'e the !ina 'a#e either 1000 2000 3000 4000 .000 6000 or 0( Ais has 'a#es 01200 012.0 01.00 01.0 02000 022.0B(&s

-. I) limit by oolant Temperature General:

/. I) limit by Inta0e uel Temperature General:

2. I) limit by 34M General:

. 5tart 6f In#ection map756I8569: General:

This ma" sho8s ane at 8hi,h start ine,tion aainst TDC( There is 10 ma"s . o! them are ea,ty the same an) are #se) )#rin D% reeneration(

5tart of 9ner"isin" of 4ilot In#ections

The str#,t#re o! S*E ,a,#ation is neary i)enti,a bet8een i51 an) i52( The )i!!eren,e ,an be !o#n) in their base( i51is ,a,#ate) reati'e to S*E o! 5 o! the ast ine,tion ,y,e 8hie 552 is ,a,#ate) reati'e to i51 o! the same ,y,e( The ,a,#ation is base) on some imits t hat m#st not be e,ee)e) in a r#nnin system(

iot ine,tions are a8ays ,a,#ate) reati'e to main ine,tion b#t their eariest S*E 5nCr'F"hii5aFC is im"i,ate) reati'e to TDC namey 30)e TDC !or o#r ,ars an) itGs a ma" ,ose a!ter S*E(

1;. In#ector openin" time 7Duration map: General:

This ma" is a ,aibration ma"( This ma" sho8s ho8 m#,h rotation it takes to a,hie'e the re#ire) amo#nt o! !#e ine,te)( The o#t"#t o! this ma" is in enine )erees(

11. 35 3ail 4ressure: General:

This ma" sho8s ho8 sho#) be the rai "ress#re at ,ertain & an) 57( There is 2 ma"s 1st _{is #se) )#rin D%}

1%. 5< 3ail 4ressure: General:

This 'a#e imits the abso#te ,ommon rai "ress#re( This 'a#e ,an be !o#n) behin) the rai "ress#re ma"( There is 4 ma"s(

 Air related maps

1'. 9G3 vs M= map: General:

1*. 9G3 vs Temp map 75etpoint "eneration: General:

There is se'era ma"s !or EH& ambient ,on)ition ,orre,tion(

%or stationary re!eren,e !irst the #n)eryin AirCtFmDesaseFm" !rom the taret ma" AirCtFmDesaseFA in !#n,tion o! the s"ee) an) the #nimite) EnFnA'r ine,tion #antity 5nCtF&a8 !orme)( In)eryin this is a !#n,tion o! EH& an)-baan,e atmos"heri, "ress#re an) tem"erat#re ,orre,te) by the ,ooin 8ater tem"erat#re( Ea,h o! the ,orre,tions than the ,ooin 8ater tem"erat#re ,orre,tion ,an a))iti'ey or m#ti"i,ati'e )one(

De"en)in on the intake air tem"erat#re is )etermine) 8ith the 5ATSCDFtAir ,hara,teristi, AirCtFATCorFCI& a !a,tor 8ith one o! the ,hara,teristi, !ie) o! the s"ee) AirCtF7ATCorFA EnFnA'r an) the ine,tion #antity

5nCtF&a8 )e"en)ent !a,tor is m#ti"ie) an) the res#ts Ansa##!ttem"erat#rkorrekt#r8ert( The ,orre,tion 'a#e is )e"en)ent o! the DA*S s8it,h AirCtFs8tATCor+aFC ,onsi)ere) a))iti'e or m#ti"i,ati'e( Th#s 8e obtain the

)esire) 'a#e AirCtFmDes+aF3Fm"( A ,hane o! the s8it,h re#ires a ne8 AirCtFs8tATCor+aFC DA*S r#n be,a#se the ,on'ersions ,hane(

1+. Turbo 7$oost re&uest map: General:

This ma" set the re#ire) boost )e"en)in on the re#este) tor#e an) ,#rrent r"m( There miht be more than one boost ma"( 5n this !ie there is 2 ma"s 1st _{is #se) )#rin D% reeneration 2}n) _{)#rin norma o"eration( oost re#est is}

meas#re) in Abso#te "ress#re ara mara e,t(

H

%sol$te p#ess$#e

 is 5ero3referenced a&ainst a erfect vacuu$, so it is equal to &au&e ressure lus at$os)eric

 ressure.

H

>a$ge p#ess$#e

 is 5ero3referenced a&ainst a$%ient air ressure, so it is equal to a%solute ressure $inus

at$os)eric ressure. =e&ative si&ns are usuall/ o$itted. <o distin&uis) a ne&ative ressure, t)e value $a/ %e

aended wit) t)e word Ivacuu$I or t)e &au&e $a/ %e la%eled a Ivacuu$ &au&e.I

1-. Turbo 7$oost limiter map: General:

1/. 5in"le value boost limiter: General:

This 'a#e imits the abso#te "ress#re o! the t#rbo( This 'a#e ,an be !o#n) by ookin )ire,ty behin) the t#rbo imiter ma"( 5! yo# ook in 2D yo# see a series o! b#m"s ike this:

The S+J is o,ate) at the en) o! the series o! b#m"s #st be!ore the ine K!asK ba,k to K0K( 5n this ,ase it is the hihest 'a#e bet8een the t#rbo imitation ma" an) the net ma"( The 'a#e o! the S+J in this !ie is 2.00mar(

18. Turbo vanes 7(/+ map: General:

This ma" ,ontros the 'anes insi)e the t#rbo at a ,ertain r"m an) ine,te) #antity( There is 4 ma"s 1st _{is #se) )#rin}

D% reeneration 2n) _{)#rin norma o"eration(}

3e&uested boost is ho8 m#,h boost the t#rbo sho#) be makin a,,or)in to the ma" ike in the ECI

=ctual boost is ho8 m#,h boost the t#rbo is makin meas#re) by the A ani!o) Abso#te ress#re sensor( this sho#) ob'io#sy be simiar to the re#este) 'a#e ho8e'er itLs norma !or it to ha'e a itte bit o! a an) then s"ike as the t#rbo s"oos #" be!ore ret#rnin to Kabo#t the s ame as the re#este) 'a#eK

(/+ Duty ycle this is i'en as a  the hihest it rea)s to is . an) the o8est is aro#n) 30( A o8 )#ty ,y,e e#ates to the ECI askin !or more boost !rom the t#rbo an) a hih )#ty ,y,e means the ECI has too m#,h boost area)y an) is re#estin the boost be o8er( so ookin at the ra"h as a,,eerator is "resse) more !#e is ine,te) an) more boost is re#este) as the boost is re#este) yo# 8i see the )#ty ,y,e o )o8n the boost 8i then rise to the re#ire) 'a#e as the t#rbo s"oos #" an) then the )#ty ,y,e 8i in,rease as yo# o #" the re's( 5t )oes this be,a#se the amo#nt o! air !o8in thro#h the t#rbo is in,reasin an) 8ith that in,reasin the nee) !or the the 'anes to ,ose an) b#i) more boost is )e,reasin hen,e the )#ty ,y,e risin(

Mo# ha'e the . tabes oost tabes an) hysteresis tabes that 8ork toether(

649(,664 mode > The t#rbo is ,ontroe) by the . 8asteate tabes ony( The ECI )oes not ,are ho8 m#,h boost this i'es(((ony that the re#este) +T/. )#ty is met(

99D$=? mode > The t#rbo is ,ontroe) by the 5D ,ontroer( The ECI ooks #" re#este) boost an) ,om"ares to a,t#a boost( 5t ,oses the 8asteate to in,rease a,t#a boost an) o"ens the 8asteate to o8er a,t#a

boost((((((8hate'er is re#ire) to et re#este) boost( The initia 8asteate 'a#e ,hosen ,ome !rom the . tabes an) 8orks !rom there( So its best to et the . 'a#es as a,,#rate as "ossibe to bein 8ith(

!Y5T93I5I5 tables > See,tin 8hi,h mo)e the t#rbo sho#) be in is the ob o! the hysterisis tabes( *n mine 0-1.00r"m N 40m @ 8i s8a" !rom o"enoo" to !ee)ba,k( Dro""in beo8 3?m bet8een 0-0-1.00r"m 8i !a ba,k into o"enoo" mo)e( asi,ay at o8O i)e s"ee)s the t#rbo is ,ontroe) by the . tabes ony(

Mo# ,o#) set hysterisis bet8een 40-3? m )o8n to 2-1m instea)( This 8o#) !or,e %ee)ba,k mo)e at a times( Mo# ,o#) set hysterisis to 100-9?m a,ross the 8hoe r"m rane( This 8o#) !or,e o"enoo" mo)e at a times(

1.

1. ,am,ambdabda:: General:

General:

5s ,a,#ate) !rom the ,hara,teristi, ma" %nFrJamSmkFA in )e"en)en,e on the s#""ie)

5s ,a,#ate) !rom the ,hara,teristi, ma" %nFrJamSmkFA in )e"en)en,e on the s#""ie) to the ,yin)er air to the ,yin)er air massmass A%SCDFmAirerCy%i an) the a'erae) motor s"ee) EnFnAr' ,riti,a !or this o"eratin "oint amb)a

A%SCDFmAirerCy%i an) the a'erae) motor s"ee) EnFnAr' ,riti,a !or this o"eratin "oint amb)a %nFrJamSmkFm" 'a#e )etermine)( The amb)a 'a#e is the

Tuning

Fuel related maps

This eam"e is !rom ,ar t#ne) by "o"#ar t#ner( Whie he 8orks a o'er 8ith in,rease o! 20 !or sa!ety 5 )i) my ,ar 8ith ony 1. in,reases an) so in this eam"e(

1. Drivers wish Maps:

5! 8e 8ant to t#ne a sto,k ,)ti/t) enine it is eno#h to ,hane the )ri'er 8ish tor#e imiter smoke imiter 57 imiter by 5AT 57 imiter by & 57 imiter by *i Tem" )#ration ma" sometimes( EH& ma" an) the t#rbo ma"s ,ome ater on(

The )ri'ers 8ish ,an stay the same !or "e)a re#est #" to .0 to kee" the H( ro t#ne) Astra ha'e man#a transmission an) ot t#ne) ony ast ,o#mn( To et more "o8er aso be!ore the ki,k )o8n 5 t#ne the ast t8o ,o#mns( 5 in,rease mine by 1. b#t not more than .00 as the  to 57 ma" is ,aibrate) to this 'a#e( ro t#ner rise a to .00m(

%. Tor&ue limiter:

The tor#e imiter ,an be in,rease) #" to 4.00r"m by P 1. ea'e ,ar sto,k o'er those r"m har) ,#t( Do not re)#,e the re#este)  in be!ore 4.00r"m as it 8i make yo#r ,ar "o8er!# at o8 an) "o8eress at hih r"m 'ery in,on'enient !or o'ertakin es"e,iay on a#to-earbo ki,k-)o8n(

To a'oi) ,#t,h "robem start !rom 12.0 8ith ess  an) has the ma  at 2000r"m on( So yo# 8i kee" simiar tor#e ,#r'e sha"e(

To i'e an eam"e ooks at the "i,t#re beo8( 5t is an oriina tet 'ie8 o! the tor#e imiter(

'. (m to I) conversion map:

This ma" #s#ay stays sto,k !or C&S( ;o8e'er 8hen some o! the S+ imiters are misse) to a'oi) bein embarrasse) "ai) t#ners yie) to tem"tation o! )e-,aibratin the enine( Sho#) be #se) 8ith ,a#tion 8hen t#nin a#to-earbo ,ars( any +AH o8ners ot ba) e"erien,e( As mention abo'e +e,tra ot ,aibration to #" to .00 so sho#) be eno#h !or sto,k t#nin(

*. I) limiter map:

This is ma" !or enine s"ee) )e"en)ent #antity imitation an) the Q-Aes is Rminim#m "re'ention !a,tor ,a,#ate) !rom tem"erat#re ,#r'es( 5 8ron to "oint it as Smoke ma"( So han)e it as 57 imiter  a)) same in,rease in ( Jet

says yo# ,an start !rom ha! o! the ma" a rea in,reasin by . then (. 10 12(. an) make the 8hoe ast #arter @1. or 20(

+. Gear Dependent Tor&ue ,imiter

%or ,ars 8ith man#a transition !irst an) se,on) ears are imite) to 260m( %or a#tomati, transition 1st _{an) 2}n)

ear has the same imits as 3r)_{ 4}th_{ .}th_{ an) 6}th _{ear o! the man#a( So on ,ars 8ith a#tomati, transition there is no}

nee) to to#,h those ma"s imit is area)y 1000m( Aisin Warner A%40-6 is rate) 8e abo'e 260m(

%iat Chroma Hear De"en)ent Tor#e Jimiter( ;ere yo# ,an see norma ma" start 8ith )imensions 0001.00000 UUUUU

-. I) limit by oolant Temperature

5 this ma" imit 57 base) on the Enine Cooant Tem"( 5 #st !oo8 "ro t#ners 8ork an) in,reasin the 'a#es by 1. ea'in ast ,o#mns sto,k !or sa!ety marin(

/. I) limit by uel Temperature

5 this ma" imit 57 base) on the %#e Tem"erat#re( 5 !oo8 "ro t#ners 8ork an) in,reasin the 'a#es by 1.  ea'in ast three ,o#mns sto,k !or sa!ety marin( 5n my os !#e T is a8ays ess than 40C abo#t .C V 3C(

2. I) limit by 34M

5 this ma" imit 57 base) on the enine &( 5 !oo8 "ro t#ners 8ork an) in,reasin the 'a#es by 1. ea'in ast ,o#mns sto,k !or sa!ety marin(

. 5tart 6f In#ection map:

ro t#nerleft this map stoc0 7better do the same( 5 a)'an,e) mine a o'er the 57 an) re'o#tion rane by 2(0)e on ste"s by 0(. )e at a time( RJ#,kiy 5 )i) bo8 o#t the *-rin o! one o! my ine,tors( So 5 o ba,k to @ 0(2/@1(0 )e ro#n)in the 3D ra"h( ;ihest in,rease !is #" the hoes N1.00r"m o#t o! EH& 8orkin area(

Mo# sho#) bear in min) that s8it,hin o!! EH& in,rease s"ee) o! ,omb#stion in,reasin boost a)'an,e start o! ,omb#stion an) in,reasin rai "ress#re 8i make ine,tin hiher #antity TDC( So !inay better stay on sa!e si)e an) )o not "ay to m#,h 8ith S*5( Com"arin mine S*5 to Astra 8/o D% 5 !o#n) o#t my ,ar r#nnin retar)e) 8ith )eta -1 to -2 in o8 57 an) &s( Astra ot aso hiher boost an) rai "ress#re b#t ess EH& at this rane(

*&5H5AJ S*5

*&5H5AJ 5 3D

IED 5 3D

1;. In#ector openin" time 7Duration map:

The )#ration ma"s may nee) to be ,hane) aso( *ther8ise the )#ration ma" 8i imit the ine,te) #antity at the hihest "ossibe ais( So 8e nee) to ,hane the ais 'a#e !rom ?0m/stroke to 100m/stroke in this ,ase( An) etra"oate ine,tor o"enin time !or the ne8 57 ais( Mo# ,an see in the eam"e ho8 "ro t#ner )i) it( ;o8e'er yo# ,an ,hoose )i!!erent 'a#es as it the o"enin time not risin in "roression(

5t is 'isibe that 8hen sto,k ine,tor o"enin time is ne'er more than 3000 mi,ro se, an) ot same 'a#es !or o8est rai "ress#re an) 57 60 - ?0m/stroke!or a 1(9DT; enines in,#)in *"e %iat an) SAA( So maybe it is not a)'isabe to o o'er those timin e'en so 5 )onGt think the ,ar 8i e'er o"erate at that C&S "ress#re/57/& rane(

11. 35 3ail 4ressure:

A "ositi'e e!!e,t o! in,rease) !#e "ress#re((( is that !or,in the !#e thro#h the same ine,tor at a hiher "ress#re ten)s to im"ro'e !#e atomiation( This 8i ten) to im"ro'e !#e )istrib#tion an) ,omb#stion e!!i,ien,y an) may ,ontrib#te to im"ro'e) !#e e,onomy( The bene!its o! hiher "ress#re are a,,om"anie) by some a))itiona

,on,erns the main one bein sa!ety( With !#e ines an) ,onne,tions bein s#be,te) to hiher "ress#re there nat#ray is an in,rease) risk o! eaks or o#triht !ai#re( To ens#re reiabiity the stan)ar) os,h "arts are rate) !or "ress#res 8e abo'e the norma o"eratin rane(((

The "ro t#ner in,rease) a "ress#re reate) ma"s #sin !at Deta 100bar o'er the 8hoe re'o#tion rane same story here( 5n the beinnin to stay sa!e 5 #se) @6 ma 1696bar an) eten) this a o'er 1000r"m the ma" e'en !or o8 57 'a#es(

o8 5 ,hane) my min)( At ,ertain "oint o! ba,k "ress#re e!!i,ien,y o! most "#m"s es"e,iay ,entri!#a 8i )ro" ra"i)y( A!ter this "oint in,rease o! &s 8i ony enerate more heat ho8e'er 8itho#t in,rease o! the !o8 rate( This !#i)/as "assin thro#h is #se) aso to ,oo the "#m"(

Another ,hane o! min)_{( Jooks ike in,rease o! C& is #se) to re)#,e **2 ri,h ones an) this ,ost hiher}

1%. 5< 3ail 4ressure:

This 'a#e imits the abso#te ,ommon rai "ress#re( This 'a#e ,an be !o#n) behin) the rai "ress#re ma"( There is 3 ma"s ike this( o nee) to to#,h them( They are set to 1.0bar(

 Air related maps

1'. 9G3 vs M= map:

To "re'ent ,oe) intake an) a'oi) !#t#re S8ir !a"s A EH& "robems the EH& ma" ,an be sim"y )isabe) #sin s8it,h( ;o8e'er some t#ners re"ort ess !#e ,ons#m"tion 8hie ea'in EH& 8orkin b#t re)#,e) i(e in,rease ao8e) A%( To re)#,e EH& an) ao8 more air intake 8e nee) to in,rease the ao8e) A% in

m/stroke( Do not o o'er the hihest 'a#e in this ,ase it is 1200m/stroke( *n EDC1. this ma" is #se) to s8it,h o!! D% by settin a 'a#es e#a to the hihest one( Is#ay same as ast ,o#mn(

The "ro t#ner )i) not s8it,h o! the EH& neither to#,h this ma"(

When rea)in )ata !rom the ECI o the mass air !o8 is re"orte) in k "er ho#r b#t in he)#m" 8e 8ork in m "er stroke( Con'ertin one 'a#e to the other is #ite sim"e:

*ne !# ,yin)er !iin is 1(910 tr : 4 ,y = 0(4. iter( Air is abo#t 1290m "er iter(

So 8e ,an ,a,#ate 0(4. tr/stroke U 1290 m/tr= 61.(9. m/stroke( ;o8e'er the ,yin)er is not !#y !ie) as it has to s#,k in the air in a imite) amo#nt o! time an) may et EH&( There!ore the 'a#e is a o8er( 5! the t#rbo 8o#) be reay 8orkin at i)e the air !o8 ,o#) be hiher than 616 m/stroke(

At 900 & a 4 ,yin)er 4 stroke enine makes 900 & U 2 strokes/re'o#tion U 60 min#tes in one ho#r =

10?000 strokes( So i! the ECI rea)s 616 m/stroke at i)e it e#as to 10?000 U 616e-6 = 66(.3 k/ho#r air !o8(

This ma" 8i sho8 ho8 m#,h A% yo#r ,ar #se) to et( So this ,an be #se) as #i)e !or o8erin the boost i! ,osin or re)#,in EH&(

If you li0e to switch off 9G3 completely on 9D1-@ there is no need to touch the above map: %in) the 4 s8it,hes sho8n on the s,reenshot beo8( They s8it,h o!! EH& )e"en)in on 5 7(

*r !in) EH& ma" Desire) air #antity A% - in this file C2B98 T#rn on 16bit ;iJo )e,ima an) 2D mo)e( Sear,h a!ter EH& ma" 4 hysteresis 2.1 ike on the "i,t#res beo8

When ,osin EH& yo# may nee) to a)#st n.$

a) Jooks ike in those ty"e o! E&H arranement . is #se) to ,reate ba,k "ress#re an) )i'ert EH !o8 to intake mani!o)(

“Even though a variety of measures can be taken, the leading contender is to use a variable geometry turbine (VGT) that can effectively provide the desired EGR driving pressure ithout substantially sacrificing the performance of the turbocharged engine! "n such systems, the EGR control is closely tied to the VGT control#

b T#rbine 8i s"oo a bit !aster - EH )ire,te) not to intake mani!o) b#t to the t#rbine si)e , T#rbine 8i s"oo a bit !aster - ore air at intake mani!o) = more EH at eha#st mani!o)

1*. 9G3 vs Temp map 75etpoint "eneration:

5 8ant to make EH& 8orkin ony at o8 Ambient Tem"erat#res(

5Xm not s#re ho this ma" 8ork$$$ An) "annin some e"eriments an) !in) is this ,orre,tion is a))iti'ey or m#ti"i,ati'e )one(

The EH&+a'e is normay 8orkin bet8een ..YC an) 100YC #""er it 8i be totay ,ose) #n) o8er ..YC

-thatZs 8hat itZs )i!!i,#t to e"ain be,a#se the ma" 'a#es are !or interna settins an) i )onZt kno8 ho8 it ,o#) be transate) to 'a#es that i #n)erstan)(

#t i 8i sho8 yo# in SH16 8hatZs the same ike EDC16 $

y enine M22DT& r#ns in i)e abo#t ?.0 1/min t hat makes a""ro( .20m/;#b air mass 8itho#t EH&(

The )esire) 'a#e o! er ma" - ?.0 1/min an) . m /;#b 5E is 300m/;#b air mass so the EH& 'a'e o"ens so on ti  the meas#re) air mass is abo#t 300 m/;#b(

o8 ,omes the ,ooant tem"( ,orre,tion ma" - see er("

?.0 1/min an) 10YC ,ooant tem"erat#re = 2.0m/;#b air mass to a)) to the )esire) EH& 'a#e = 300m/;#b @ 2.0m/;#b =..0m /;#b air mass to meas#re

So i)e 8itho#t EH& = .20m /;#b an) ,orre,te) EH& 'a#e ..0m/;#b = -30m/;#b = EH& CJ*SED $$$ The ony )i!!i,#t thin is to ho) t his 'a#es ,ose toether other8ise yo# et 5J

o8 yo# ha'e to "ay 8ith yo#r ,ar a itte an) !in) a oo) so#tion that 8i make this !#n,tion yo# 8ant b#t it 8i 8ork $

5 ho"e yo# #n)erstan) the !#n,tion o! this ma" ike i e"aine) an) yo# inore my ba) enis h( bt8: This 8as the 8ay i 8as ,osin the er in my y20)t  EDC1. a!ira ti i !o#n) a better 8ay $

1+. Turbo 7$oost re&uest map:

 RThe t#rbo on this ,ar a HT149+ ,an han)e a ma boost o! aro#n) 26.0mbar( So the ma 'a#e in this ma" may be 2600mbar( This t#rbo "ress#re is ony !or the 1.0h" 'ersion( The o8er h" 'ersions ha'e aso o8er t#rbo "ress#re$ As "er Harrett this t#rbo ,an s#""ort aro#n) 1.;" so 5 8o#) not a)'ise yo# oin to 2600mbar( Mo# ,an ass#me that the t#rbo "ress#re may be in,rease) by aro#n)  ma(

Sin,e 8e are ony t#nin !or ma "o8er ony the 3-4 most riht ,o#mns has to be ,hane)( As yo# ,an see the boost oes #" to ma 2.10mbar( ro t#ner 8ork 8ith !ie) Deta an) in,rease boost re#est !or 0mm3 57 by 1.0mbar( Raybe #se o! !at 'a#e !rom the o8est to the hihest r"ms is not the best a""roa,h( 5 ,hoose to in,rease mine 8orkin in (

 5t 8as be!ore( As 5 sai) abo'e aybe_{( ;o8e'er maybe it is better to re#est more boost 8hie ,om"ressor 8ork}

in its hih e!!i,ien,y isan)s instea) o#t o! them an) ettin o'er s"ee) to rea,h re#ire) ress#re &aito( 5n my ast t#ne 5 aso #se Deta 'a#es tryin to et hiher boost 8hen ,om"ressor is not on its maim#m(

 At the etreme #""er riht ,orner 5 ,o"y some ,es !rom Astra !ie( robaby to a'oi) s#res at this area sto,k man#a Astra re#est #" to .0 more than my sto,k a#tomati, +e,tra(

As yo# ,an see the ais 'a#e oes #" to 0mm3/stroke( As 8e 8i ine,t abo#t ?0mm3/stroke by my oin 8ith 1. in,rease yo# ,an res,ae ais an) boost re#est( ro t#ner )i) not atho#h he )i) 20 in,rease o! 57((( E,onomy t#nin is m#,h more ,om"i,ate)B At o8 & an) 57 EH& restri,t A% to 200 V .00 m/stroke(

at#ray as"ire) 1(91tr enine 8i et 0(4?tr/stroke U 1290m/tr = 619 m/stroke(

A""yin ,orre,tion !or 'o#metri, e!!i,ien,y o! the enine as a !#n,tion o! enine s"ee) 619 m/stroke U 0(90 = ..(1 m/stroke @/- some error sho#) be the rea)in !rom A% sensor

So 8hy sho#) restri,t nat#ra as"iration by EH& an) re#est boost !or 57 ess than 2.mm3/stroke an) 1mm3 is ony 0?6m( any t#ners re"ort better !#e e,onomy 8ith )e,rease) boost re#est( !owever I doubt that re&uestin" ;.;1mbar more at compressor side will brin" more pumpin" losses 7less beneficial than 1; bars more re&uested at 34( So no8 5 i'e EH& o!! an) !or,e hiher rst at hih 57 my enine to breathe more( . sho#) aso be a)#ste) to a'oi) s"ikes an) o8er ba,k "ress#re on the eha#st system(

5n or)er to ,a,#ate a,t#a A% !rom oost "ress#re sho#) take in a,,o#nt aso:

 ma" !or air "ress#re ,om"ensation !or boost "ress#re ,ontro

 ma" to )etermine base 'a#e o! )esire) boost "ress#re 1.($oost re&uest  ,#r'e !or air tem"erat#re )e"en)ent !a,tor !or boost "ress#re ,ontro

 maim#m ao8e) )esire) boost "ress#re a,,or)in to air "ress#re 16( $oost limiter map  maim#m ao8e) )esire) boost "ress#re 1( 5<$,

 o'era e!!i,ien,y t#rbo,harer

 De!a#t 'a#e en'ironment air "ress#re !or t#rbo mo)e - 9?0mbar

 in)#,tion 'o#me e!!e,ti'e 'o#me bet8een t#rbo,harer an) miin "oint - a !rom A to A% ,ontro  Eha#st as ba,k "ress#re A

 ,orre,tion !a,tor !or ,om"ensation o! the )e"en)en,y o! the 'o#metri, e!!i,ien,y o! the as tem"erat#re #"stream

o! the inet

 'o#metri, e!!i,ien,y o! the enine as a !#n,tion o! enine s"ee) an) ,#rrent ine,tion #antity This is the other

ma" "ayin maor e!!e,t !or mine 1(9,)ti 16' ,orre,tion is ?6 to 93

 ,orre,tion !a,tor !or 'o#metri, e!!i,ien,y as a !#n,tion o! enine s"ee) an) reati'e s8ir 'a'e "osition  %a,tor !or ,orre,tion o! the tor#e oss )#e to eha#st-as ba,k "ress#re ,a#se) by instae) "arti,e !iter  Jimitation beo8 o! the tor#e oss )#e to eha#st as ba,k "ress#re ,a#se) by instae) "arti,e !iter

1-. Turbo 7$oost limiter map:

At this "oint 8e ha'e set the boost #" to 2.13 mbar in the t#rbo ma" an) "re'ent boost s"ikes by o8erin the . ma"( #t the boost imiter ma" 8i imit the 2.13mbar ba,k to 2.00mbar

as yo# ,an see in "i,t#re( ro t#ner in,rease boost re#est by 1.0mbar an) so he )i) !or the boost imiter( This 8ay marin bet8een boost re#est an) imiter stay #nto#,he)( As 5 #se) 6(. !or my boost 5 #se) same 'a#e !or the boost imiter(

We nee) to ,hane that 'a#es the same 8ay as the t#rbo ma" e'en a bit hiher be,a#se this is the imiter( Sin,e 8e ony )ri'e at sea e'e 10132.h"a there is no nee) to a)#st the ,ar at

900h"a an) o8er or yo# i'e at more than 1000metres abo'e sea e'e( Sto,k *"e ha'e same 'a#e a o'er the rane )es"ite o! atmos"heri, "ress#re(

17._{5in"le values boost limiter:}

At this "oint 8e ha'e set amost e'erythin to et a hiher boost e,e"t the abso#te imiter(

ThatLs the ast one 8e nee) to ,hane( *"e enineers #se same 'a#e !or S+J an) boost imiter )es"ite the atmos"heri, "ress#re( So #st #se the same sto,k @6(. on my ast t#ne Deta=1.mbar( As "er some t#ners this 'a#e has to be a bit rea) .0mbar hiher than the hihest t#rbo ma" 'a#e(

12. Turbo vanes 7(/+ map:

The . ma" ,ontros the 'anes insi)e the t#rbo an) 8hen in,reasin 57 or remo'in D% nee)s to be re)#,e) to "re'ent t#rbo s"ikin( As 8e )i) not res,ae boost ma" 57 ais 8i not res,ae . ais neither( 5! yo# )i) so better mat,h . 57 ais to boost ma" 57 ais(

As a r#e yo# ,an )e,rease the 'a#es !rom 1.00-.000r"m at hih 57Ls by ?( This is )e"en)in on the ,ar an) ho8 m#,h boost s"ikes yo# ha'eB sti ot boost s"ikesB re)#,e the ma"( Mo# ,an see that the t#ner ,hoose to ,hane a the ma"s same 8hy e'en those that are not in #se Astra )i)nXt ha'e D%( ;e )i) the same !or the rai "ress#re b#t not !or amb)a )esinate) !or D% reeneration(

A!ter a ot o! oin 5 ,o#) not !in) any bene!its !rom o8erin the . an) no8 5 r#nnin 8ith sto,k(

1. ,ambda:

ro t#ner ,hane 'ery !e8 'a#es at hih r"m an) A% 5n !a,t he #st ,o"y the S"ort #tton amb)a !or hih & an) A%( ;e e!t the s"ort b#tton amb)a #n,hane)(

y ,ar )onGt ha'e s"ort b#tton so 5 ,hoose to ,o"y 8hoe S"ort b#tton amb)a ma" o'er the re#ar amb)a ma"( To a'oi) bein too smoky 5 set the minim#m A%& 'a#e to 14.

GLOSSARY

"$ % "n&ection $uantity

'" % 'tart f "n&ection % 'E % 'tart f Energiing

E" % End f "n&ection

*R' % *ommon Rail 'ystem

+g % milligrams

'tr % Engine 'troke

*R % -egree *rankshaft Rotation

* % -egree *elcius

rpm % Engine revolutions per minute

.T-* % .efore Top -ead *enter 

 /T-* % /fter Top -ead *enter 

0m % 0eton metres (Tor1ue)

+bar % +illibar (pressure)

.+E2 % break mean effective pressure

*/ % crank angle

* % carbon mono3ide

E*+ % engine control module

EGR % e3haust gas recirculation

+/4 % mass air flo sensor 

5**" % homogeneous charge compression ignition

03 % o3ides of nitrogen

2+ % particulate matter 

'" % spark ignition

T-* % top dead center 

T5* % total hydrocabon

VGT % variable geometry turbine

6GT % 6aste gate turbine

Tips

1( A 0 ma"s are inore)

2( %or e'erythin hiher than ma ast kno8n 'a#e is #se)(

3( Transient +T ma"s are #se) 8hen "e)a ,hane is more than 20 in one se,on)(

4( +T ma"s are ony #se) in o"en oo" mo)e 8hen ,ose) oo" ki,ks in 5D ,ontroer takes o'er(

5! a,t#a boost is too !ar !rom re#este) 8hen 5D takes o'er yo# et boost os,iation be,a#se 5D ,ontro is so8(

.( Jamb)a ma"s imit 57 in reation to air mass m/h#b h#b means stroke to kee" the inten)e) A%&( 6( 1tr )iese is abo#t 0(?. k i(e 100mm3 are ?6m

( A,,or)in to the C&C ;an)book o! Chemistry an) hysi,s the )ensity o! )ry air at 20 )erees C at 60 mm o!

mer,#ry one atmos"here o! "ress#re is 1(204 miirams "er ,#bi, ,entimeter( 1 iter = 1000 mJ = 1000 ,m3 _{[ 1(204}

m / ,m3 _{ U 1000 ,m}3 _{= 1204 m = 1(204 rams}

?( Jamb)a !a,tor !or EDC16 is 0(014. as "er os,h EDC16 man#a

9( Mo# ,o#) in,rease rai "ress#re #" to 1.0 bar 19DT;/CDT5 enine has 1?00-bar rai sensor( 10( HT149+ ,an han)e a ma boost o! aro#n) 26.0mbar

11( ake tor#e imiter inear( The horse "o8er ,omes in hih &( 5! yo# in,rease s#))eny the tor#e the ,#t,h an) the !y8hee 8i )ie(

12( (( most 8ork in oo) t#nin oes to "ro"er +T t#nin so yo#r boost )oes not os,iate( There are 4 +T ma"s in this e,# 2 norma an) 2 on reen( ormay yo# nee) to J*WE& them on t#ne) ,ar by 2 or 3( Mo# nee) os !or ea,t mat,h as e'ery ,ar is itte )i!!erent(

13( oth o! the boost rea)ins they are in mar an) Abso#te

14( 1(1? U8hee "o8er=!y8hee "o8er[ Is#ay &WD-ose 10[ %WD-ose 1.[ AWD-ose 20[ A#to-ose . 1.( An) the easy 8ay to a)#st the A%& 8itho#t 8i)eban) A%& sensor is to obser'e the sooth !rom the

eha#st( When it starts KsmokinK - yo# nee) more air( *r more a)'an,e(

16(D )#ration ,aibration - ake an inter"oation or a)) a""roimatey . )erees !or ea,h .m(((

1( 5! the enine is r#nnin in o8 oa) yo#L et 8hite/rey smoke !rom ate ine,tion( e,a#se the ,yin)er an) eha#st as is too ,o) to ,om"ete the ,omb#stion(

1?(Sin,e *2 has a moe,#are 8eiht o! 32 an) air 29 on a mass/mass basis this is 0(21  32/29 = 0(232 k *2/ k air( That 8i be in)e"en)ent o! tem"erat#re an) "ress#re(

19( 4etrol "asoline@ or benAin is ,om"ose) o! a mit#re o! 224-trimethy"entane an isomer o! o,tane C?;1? \o,tane ratin 100] an) n-he"tane C;16 \o,tane ratin 0]( Eam"e o! o,tane ratin "etro 8ith the same kno,kin ,hara,teristi,s as a mit#re o! 9. iso-o,tane an) . he"tane 8o#) ha'e an o,tane ratin o! 9.(

20( Diesel is ,om"ose) o! abo#t . sat#rate) hy)ro,arbons "rimariy "ara!!ins in,#)in n iso an)

,y,o"ara!!ins an) 2. aromati, hy)ro,arbons in,#)in na"hthaenes an) akybenenes( The a'erae ,hemi,a !orm#a !or ,ommon )iese !#e is C12;23 ranin a""roimatey !rom C10;20 to C1.;2?(

Fuel o$%ustion for$ula +ensit/ &(l *l%(ED &al 2 &(l *l%(ED &al e$issiones 6etrol &asoline 2 8-18 J 2 2 33K 1: 2 J 18 -2 J 2:;: cal 0.7197 &(l *:.07; l%(&al 2.;0; &(l *19.24 l%(ED &al +iesel 4 12-2; J 71 2 33K 48 2 J 4: -2 J ener&/ 0.8;2 &(l *:.94; l%(&al 2.:2: &(l *21.91 l%(ED &al Aiodiesel 19-;42 19-;42 J *;(2 2 33K 19 2 J 17 -2 J ener&/ 0.889 &(l *7.42 l%(&al 2.8;9 &(l *2;.:9 l%(ED &al Aiodiesel 20-402 20-402 J 29 2 33K 20 2 J 20 -20 J ener&/ 0.884 &(l *7.;8 l%(&al 2.81: &(l *2;. l%(ED &al

21(e8FE#ro"eanFDri'inFCy,e V htt"://en(8iki"e)ia(or/8iki/e8FE#ro"eanFDri'inFCy,e

22( %#e nee)e) to rea,h tor#e taret 12; hp B '+;;rpm 7;.'2 lb hp hr

0(3? b h" hr = 0(006333L b h" min 1?0h" U 0(00633 = 1(14 b min !#e 1(14 U 1000000 / 2(204 = .124 1 m

.1241 / * cylinder / 3.00 r"m / 2 strokes = /'.2 m"8stro0e 1?0h" U .2.2 / 3.00 r"m = 20 b !t

20 b !t = 3(?9m/str

Jets see ho8 m#,h !#e the same tor#e at )i!!erent r"m re#ires(((( 20 b(!t U 2000r"m / .2.2 = 102(?1?h" N 2000r"m

1;%.212hp B %;;;rpm 7;.'2 lb hp hr 102(?1?h" U 0(00633 = 0(6.11? b min !#e 0(6.11? U 1000000 / 2(204 = 29.4.4 m

29.4.4 / * cylinder / 2000 r"m / 2 strokes = /'.2- m"8stro0e ;en,e i! the brake s"e,i!i, !#e ,ons#m"tion remains ,onstant(( ((m/str is "ro"ortiona to tor#e(

2;.

Density o! air ^ 's( tem"erat#re YC

 ... M in &($

;

N10 ... 1.;42

.N  ... 1.;17

....0 ... 1.292

.J  ... 1.2:9

J10 ... 1.247

J1 ... 1.22

J20 ... 1.204

J2 ... 1.184

J;0 ... 1.1:

ir at 0 de&rees elsius )as a densit/ of 1.292 &($

;

 _{O 1.292 &(L O 0.001292 &(d$}

;

 _{O 0.00001292 &(L O}

0.00001292 &(c$

;

 _{O 0.00001292 &($L.}

24( 5 mean that to he" 8ith *Q as re)#,tion in ,r#ise the man#!a,t#rers ease the S*5 retar)e) b#t ao8 a sma amo#nt more a)'an,e to he" 8ith a,,eeration( As rihty sai) the )ynami, a)'an,es #" )#rin a,,eeration be,a#se norma S*5 ma" is retar)e) !rom o"tim#m to re)#,e *Q as( #t they kno8 that its retar)e) state is not oo) eno#h !or transient or a,,eeration ,on)itions(

Review

;a) a oo) ook at the !ie an) 5 ha'e to say it is 8ay better than many o! the K"roK t#nes 5 ha'e seen "oste) on the !or#ms or rea) !rom a,t#a t#ne) ,ars( 5 8o#) ha'e )one it a bit )i!!erent )onLt kno8 i! better b#t )i!!erent

What 5 ike abo#t the t#ne is that there are none nonsense a)#stments )one - the #y ha) a kee" it ,ean an) sim"e a""roa,h( The thins that ,a#ht my attention are not st#"i) ony )ebatabe( any o! the t#nes 5 ha'e seen ha'e st#"i) ,hanes 8hi,h yo# ,anLt e"ain ony by t#nin a""roa,h( 5 think 8e ha'e to aree that there are many t#nin a""roa,hes an) many )i!!erent )esirabe res#ts(

%or instan,e yo# may 8ant to s#eee e'ery "o8er there is or yo# may 8ish to "ay it sa!e( 5 "ersonay )onLt ike 'ery

aressi'e tor#e imiters !rom o8 r"m be,a#se in my o"inion it is #nheathy !or the ,#t,h an) !or the )#a mass !y8hee( So 5 )onLt in,rease the tor#e !i#re by m#,h in my mo)s 5 ten) to in,rease the to" en) o! the r"m rane more to et more horse "o8er( Whie other t#ners sim"y say - re"a,e the ,#t,h an) )m! i! it starts to si"/'ibrate an) i! the oem ,#t,h isnLt stron eno#h - re"a,e it 8ith somethin ese(

The other "oint is 8hat the ,#stomer e"e,ts( 5! yo# manae to e"ain him that a o8er tor#e in,rease 8i be better !or his ,ars it is !ine( #t he may ,om"are yo#r t#ne 8ith a har)er t#ne an) not be ha""y 8ith the res#ts not thinkin abo#t the ,ar( 5 ha'e aso ha) re#ests !or a 'ery stron t#ne !or a ,ars 8ith 4.0 km on the o)ometer( As !or )ri'er 8ish ma"s - yo# ,an in,rease ony the 100 en) an) #se the etra "o8er ony 8hen nee)e) yo# ,an in,rease the o8er en) - the ,ar 8i !ee more i'ey b#t sho#) "ro)#,e hiher !#e ,ons#m"tion( Mo# ,an )e,rease the o8er en) !or e,onomy IT((( 5 ha'e ha) ,#stomer that say: K5 ne'er #se more than 0 "er,ent o! a,,eerator be,a#se it s#res the enineK an) s#))eny 8ith the i'in it ma at 100 a""roa,h 5 am the 8orst t#ner in the 8or) be,a#se the ,ar oes ea,ty the same( A!ter a !e8 simiar e"erien,es 5 in,rease the DW at amost the 8hoe rane by some "er,ent #st !or the ,ar to K!eeK more ai'e( 5 ha'e )one e"eriments 8ith o8erin the DW on t he o8er "art - ,#stomer sai) that the ,ar 8as 'ery ay he "resse) the "e)a too m#,h an) !#e ,ons#m"tion in,rease)( So it is not a8ays the 8ay yo# inten) thins to ha""en(

As !or the mo) itse! thins 5 8o#) )o )i!!erent aain )onLt kno8 i! better: 1( 5n,rease DW by . !rom the start(

2( 5n,rease TJ ess !or 1.0-2.0 r"m an) a sma bit more at the to" rane( 20 in nm i'es a bit more  in 57 3( De,rease the ma! tabes a bit more !rom o8er ma! rea)ins they are o8 area)y(

4( Chane the S*5 by a )eree on the 8hoe tabe an) 2-3 )erees a!ter res,ain !or the ne8 57( This is a sensiti'e to"i, many o"inions here( Jea'in it sto,k is a oo) i)ea !or a sa!e rema"

.( Wo#)nLt in,rease re#este) t#rbo "ress#re so m#,h at o8 r"m - it may s"ike be,a#se o! that !rom my e"erien,e( 6( EH& - another thin o! )ebate( 5 8o#) t#rn it o!! #st be,a#se it i'es too m#,h tro#be by ,oin the intake system( aybe the t#ner 8ante) etra money !or that or beie'e the re"air 8hen broken a""roa,h

Thins that seem 8ron:

1( Jo,ke) o#t on some 57 imiters( Some 57 imiter are o8er than the main TJ ,anLt !in) a oi,a e"anation !or this one( 2( oost in,rease at o8er 57 an) no res,ain( %rom my e"erien,e o8erin boost at o8er 57 in,rease e,onomy(