1. Which of the following are
1. Which of the following are explanationsexplanations of phenomena in the of phenomena in the natural world (list all that apply):
natural world (list all that apply): A. facts
A. facts
B. observations
B. observations
C. scientific theories
C. scientific theories
D. scientific laws
D. scientific laws
E. scientific models
E. scientific models
2. Scientific models (list all that apply): 2. Scientific models (list all that apply):
A.
A.
Explain natural phenomena
Explain natural phenomena
B.
B.
Are consistent with all observations
Are consistent with all observations
C.
C.
Are rigid and inflexible
Are rigid and inflexible
D.
D.
Are useful for making predictions
Are useful for making predictions
C and E
3. The models scientists are most sure of are called “THEORIES”.
3. The models scientists are most sure of are called “THEORIES”.
Theories are supported by many different lines of evidence, all
Theories are supported by many different lines of evidence, all
known facts and observations, and all scientific laws. Why don’t
known facts and observations, and all scientific laws. Why don’t
scientists call these theories “FACTS”? (list all that apply):
scientists call these theories “FACTS”? (list all that apply): A.
A.
They are still basically guesses.
They are still basically guesses.
B.B.
They contradict some peoples’ beliefs.
They contradict some peoples’ beliefs.
C.C.
They explain things that can’t possibly be directly
They explain things that can’t possibly be directly
observed.
observed.
4. Who believed each of the following (
4. Who believed each of the following (LL = Lamarck, = Lamarck,
D
D= Darwin, or = Darwin, or BB = Both Lamarck and Darwin): = Both Lamarck and Darwin):
a.The environment is the factor that determines what
a.The environment is the factor that determines what
characteristics are advantageous and therefore shapes the
characteristics are advantageous and therefore shapes the
characteristics of evolving species.
characteristics of evolving species.
b. There is natural variation within a species.
b. There is natural variation within a species.
c. Acquired characteristics (like strong muscles from lifting
c. Acquired characteristics (like strong muscles from lifting
weights) can be passed from parents to their offspring.
weights) can be passed from parents to their offspring.
Both
Darwin
5. The reason we make “best-fit” lines rather than
5. The reason we make “best-fit” lines rather than
connecting the dots when graphing data is that (list
connecting the dots when graphing data is that (list
all that apply):
all that apply):
A.
A.
Best-fit lines look neater
Best-fit lines look neater
B.
B.
Best-fit lines make it easier to see
Best-fit lines make it easier to see
underlying patterns
underlying patterns
C.
C.
Best-fit lines minimize the effect of error
Best-fit lines minimize the effect of error
on the data patterns.
on the data patterns.
B and C
6. There is an amazing amount of diversity in
6. There is an amazing amount of diversity in
living things, yet all organisms have many
living things, yet all organisms have many
characteristics in common. This UNITY can be
characteristics in common. This UNITY can be
explained by the fact that (list all that apply):
explained by the fact that (list all that apply):
A.
A.
All living things came from a common ancestor
All living things came from a common ancestor
B.
B.
All living things live in similar environments.
All living things live in similar environments.
C.
C.
Living things evolved by natural selection.
Living things evolved by natural selection.
D.
D.
A weird cosmic coincidence.
A weird cosmic coincidence.
7. For a species to become better adapted
7. For a species to become better adapted
to its environment there must first be:
to its environment there must first be:
A.A.
A favorable environment for the species.
A favorable environment for the species.
B.
B.
A predator in the environment.
A predator in the environment.
C.
C.
Variations in the species that give some
Variations in the species that give some
members an advantage in that
members an advantage in that
environment.
environment.
D.
D.
Similarity within the species.
Similarity within the species.
8. Individuals with traits that give them an
8. Individuals with traits that give them an
advantage in their environment (list all that
advantage in their environment (list all that
apply):
apply):
A.
A.
Will always survive and reproduce.
Will always survive and reproduce.
B.B.
Will have a better chance to survive
Will have a better chance to survive
C.C.
Will have a better chance to reproduce
Will have a better chance to reproduce
D.D.
Will usually have more offspring than
Will usually have more offspring than
others.
others.
E.
E.
Will be more likely to have their traits show
Will be more likely to have their traits show
up in the next generation.
up in the next generation.
9. TRUE or FALSE: When a chemical reaction occurs new
9. TRUE or FALSE: When a chemical reaction occurs new
molecules are always formed.
molecules are always formed.
TRUE
TRUE
10. TRUE or FALSE: In a chemical reaction new atoms are sometimes formed.
FALSE
11. What is happening to the atoms in a chemical reaction?
11. What is happening to the atoms in a chemical reaction?
They are being REARRANGED.
They are being REARRANGED.
12. Besides forming new molecules what else
12. Besides forming new molecules what else
always happens in a chemical reaction?
always happens in a chemical reaction?
There is a change in energy.
There is a change in energy.
13. What is “food” (what is it made of?).
13. What is “food” (what is it made of?).
Proteins, fats (lipids), carbohydrates
14. Organic compounds always contain which 2 elements?
14. Organic compounds always contain which 2 elements?
CARBON AND HYDROGEN
CARBON AND HYDROGEN
15. Living things are made up of what kinds of molecules?
15. Living things are made up of what kinds of molecules?
PROTEINS, CARBOHYDRATES & FATS (lipids)
PROTEINS, CARBOHYDRATES & FATS (lipids)
16. Why are these the same as “food”??
16. Why are these the same as “food”??
Because we eat other organisms – or their products.
Because we eat other organisms – or their products.
17. Proteins are huge molecules that are made of smaller molecules
17. Proteins are huge molecules that are made of smaller molecules
called _________________.
called _________________.
AMINO ACIDS
AMINO ACIDS
18. The four elements found in all amino acids are…
18. The four elements found in all amino acids are…
HYDROGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, CARBON
HYDROGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, CARBON (HONC!)(HONC!)
19. What monomers make up complex carbohydrates?
19. What monomers make up complex carbohydrates?
Simple sugars
20. ATP is…
20. ATP is…
A) The kind of energy cells can use.
A) The kind of energy cells can use.
B) Released in cell respiration
B) Released in cell respiration
C) A carrier of energy from where it is produced to
C) A carrier of energy from where it is produced to
where it iw needed in a cell.
where it iw needed in a cell.
D) all of the above
D) all of the above
D
D
21. The two processes that release energy from food in the
21. The two processes that release energy from food in the
form of ATP are:
form of ATP are:
Cell respiration and fermentation.
Cell respiration and fermentation.
22. Organisms will always do cell respiration instead of
22. Organisms will always do cell respiration instead of
fermentation if there is O
fermentation if there is O22 present. Why? present. Why?
It gives them way more ATP/glucose (36ATP
It gives them way more ATP/glucose (36ATP
vs. 2ATP for fermentation).
23. The overall reaction for cell respiration is…
23. The overall reaction for cell respiration is…
O
O22 + C + C66HH1212OO6 6 CO CO2 2 + H+ H22OO
24. Draw the energy diagram for respiration.
24. Draw the energy diagram for respiration.
25. The overall reaction for photosynthesis is…
25. The overall reaction for photosynthesis is…
COCO2 2 + H+ H22O OO O22 + C + C66HH1212OO66
26. Draw the energy diagram for photosynthesis.
26. Draw the energy diagram for photosynthesis.
ATP
ATP
sunlight
sunlight
reactants
products
27. Where in a cell does Respiration occur?
27. Where in a cell does Respiration occur?
MITOCHONDRIA
MITOCHONDRIA
28. Where in a cell does Photosynthesis occur?
28. Where in a cell does Photosynthesis occur?
CHLOROPLASTS
CHLOROPLASTS
29.Write the letter of the best answer from this list:
29.Write the letter of the best answer from this list:
A.
A. RESPIRATIONRESPIRATION B. PHOTOSYNTHESIS
B. PHOTOSYNTHESIS C.
C. FERMENTATIONFERMENTATION..
E. FERMENTATION and RESPIRATION E. FERMENTATION and RESPIRATION
F. FERMENTATION AND PHOTOSYNTHESIS F. FERMENTATION AND PHOTOSYNTHESIS
G. FERMENTATION, RESPIRATION and PHOTOSYNTHESIS G. FERMENTATION, RESPIRATION and PHOTOSYNTHESIS
Occurs in a series of reactions. Occurs in a series of reactions.
G G Can occur in the absence of O
Can occur in the absence of O22..
F F Releases a
Releases a largelarge amount of stored energy. amount of stored energy. A
A Carbon Dioxide is produced.
Carbon Dioxide is produced.
E E O
O22 is produced. is produced.
B B Energy is required.
Energy is required.
BB
30. In this reaction: 2H
30. In this reaction: 2H
22O -
O -
2H
2H
22+ O
+ O
22, how many
, how many
molecules of hydrogen gas are shown?
molecules of hydrogen gas are shown?
2
2
31. How many
31. How many
atoms
atoms
of hydrogen are involved in
of hydrogen are involved in
this reaction?
this reaction?
4
32. TRUE or FALSE: All organisms need food.
32. TRUE or FALSE: All organisms need food.
TRUE
TRUE
33. From what molecule do the atoms that
33. From what molecule do the atoms that
make up most of the mass of a large tree
make up most of the mass of a large tree
originally come from?
originally come from?
CO
CO
2234. When people lose weight, what happens to most of
the matter that they lost?
A. it’s given off as sweat
B. it’s given off as poo and pee
C. it’s converted to energy
35. In the ecosphere, where does the
35. In the ecosphere, where does the
O
O
22 needed by the shrimp needed by the shrimp come from?come from?
PHOTOSYNTHESIS BY THE ALGAE PHOTOSYNTHESIS BY THE ALGAE
36. The shrimp also eat the algae. Why doesn’t the Ecosphere run
36. The shrimp also eat the algae. Why doesn’t the Ecosphere run
out of algae?
out of algae?
The algae is always making new tissue from the excess glucose it
The algae is always making new tissue from the excess glucose it
makes in photosynthesis - it replaces whatever the shrimp eats.
makes in photosynthesis - it replaces whatever the shrimp eats.
37. What is the source of energy for the Ecosphere’s ecosystem?
37. What is the source of energy for the Ecosphere’s ecosystem?
The sun.
