Chemistry spm notes

(1)

PROGRAM

PERFECT SCORE

_SPM

SEKOLAH MENENGAH NEGERI MELAKA

PANDUAN

&

TEKNIK

TEKNIK MENJAW

MENJAWAB

AB

KIMIA Y

KIMIA YA

ANG

NG BERKE

BERKESAN

SAN

DISUSUN DAN DISELENGGARAKA

DISUSUN DAN DISELENGGARAKAN

N OLEH

OLEH

GURU CEMERLANG KIMIA

MAJLIS GURU CEMERLANG NEGERI MELAKA

(2)

THE COMMON DIAGRAM IN CHEMISTRY SPM SYLLABUS

Topics Labelle Dia!"a# $o" %&e Se%'(p o$ Appa"a%(s) S%"(c%("al *o"#(la

T&e S%"(c%("e o$ A%o#

Determination of melting and boiling point of naphthalene

Particle arrangement in solid , liquid and gas

Determination of Melting Point Determination of Freezing Point

Solid Liquid Gas

C&e#ical *o"#(lae a+ E,(a%io+s Determination of empirical formula

Magnesium oxide Copper!!" oxide

Pe"ioic Table #eaction bet$een sodium%potassium $ith ox&gen

(3)

Topics Labelle Dia!"a# $o" %&e Se%'(p o$ Appa"a%(s) S%"(c%("al *o"#(la C&e#ical Bo+ 'he electron arrangement in ionic and co(alent compound)

* Ma+e sure &ou can explain the formation of the bonds

accuratel&

Sodium chloride Magnesium chloride

'etrachloromethane Carbon dioxide

Elec%"oc&e#is%"-lectrol&sis

Molten Lead !! "bromide Copper!!" sulphate solution Copper electrode"

Sulphuric -cid , Potassium sulphate .&drochloric acid

 gas bubbles released " lectroplating an iron +e&

(4)

Topics Labelle Dia!"a# $o" %&e Se%'(p o$ Appa"a%(s) S%"(c%("al *o"#(la

/oltaic cell

Simple cell Daniell cell porous pot"

Daniell cell Salt bridge "

ACIDS .BASES / SALTS 0) .eating of carbonate compound and confirmator& test for carbon dioxide

1) Preparation of soluble salt  Method ! 2 !!" 3) Preparation of insoluble salt

0).eating of copper!!" carbonate and confirmator& test for carbon dioxide

1) Preparation of soluble salt Method !" 4 Sodium nitrate

3)Preparation of soluble salt Method !!" 4 Copper!!" sulphate

(5)

Topics Labelle Dia!"a# $o" %&e Se%'(p o$ Appa"a%(s) S%"(c%("al *o"#(la Ma+($ac%("e S(bs%a+ces i+ i+(s%"-Pol&merisation -llo&s -rrangement of

atoms in a metal and an allo&) . C.3 C 6 C . . Propene Pol&propene . Cl . Cl . C 7 C 7 C 7 C 7 C . . . . . Chloroethene Poli(inl& chloride

P/C"

-rrangement of atoms in pure metal -rrangement of atoms in allo&8ronze"

Ra%e o$ "eac%io+ Gas is collected using $ater displacement for carbon dioxide gas, ox&gen and h&drogen

Ca"bo+ Co#po(+ Alco&ol De&-"a%io+

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KERTAS 1

23 'able 0 sho$s three elements , M, 9 and : and their proton number and nucleon number respecti(el&)

Table 2

a" State the nucleon number of : if the number of neutron is 1;)

<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<) = 0 mark _>

b" i" ?hat is the number of electron in an atom M@

<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<) = 0 mark _>

ii" ?rite the electron arrangement for atom 9)

)<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<< = 0 mark _>

iii" ?hat is the group of the abo(e elements@

<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<) = 0 mark _>

c " State t$o ph&sical properties of the elements abo(e)

<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<< <<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<< = 1marks_>

d" !n an experiment, an element M $as burnt and put into a gas Aar of chlorine gas) 'he experiment $as repeated b& using an element 9)

i" ?rite the equation for the reaction bet$een element M and chlorine gas)

<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<< = 0 mark _>

ii" Compare the reacti(it& of reaction bet$een element M and element 9 $ith chlorine gas) xplain &our ans$er)

<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<< <<<<<<)<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<

= 3marks _>

Ele#e+% P"o%o+ +(#be" N(cleo+ +(#be"

M 3 B

9 00 13

(7)

13 Figure 1 sho$s part of the Periodic 'able of lements)

0 1

3 5 E  B   0;

00 01 03 05 0E 0 0B 0

Figure 1 a" P and # react to form a compound) ) i" State the t&pe of compound formed)

<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<)))))))) = 0 mark _>

ii" Dra$ the electron arrangement for the compound formed)

= 1marks_>

iii" ?rite the chemical equation for the reaction bet$een P and #)

<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<< = 0 mark _>

i(" 'he compound formed can conduct electricit& in aqueous and molten state) xplain $h&@

<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<< = 0 mark _>

b" : and # also react to form a compound) i" State the t&pe of bond formed)

<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<) = 0mark _>

ii" ?rite the formula for the compound formed)

<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<< = 0 mark _>

P R

(8)

iii" Dra$ the electron arrangement for the compound formed)

= 1marks_>

i(" State one ph&sical propert& of the compound)

<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<< = 0 mark _>

4 a" 'able 5 sho$s three elements and their proton number respecti(el&)

'-8L 5

Hsing the information in the 'able 5 , explain ho$ i" ionic bond and

ii" co(alent bond formed)

=03 marks_>

b" Describe an experiment to differentiate ionic compound and co(alent compound in terms of electrical conducti(it&)

=B marks_>

5 a" 'ransition elements are elements from Group 3 to Group 01 of the Periodic 'able)

i" 9ame t$o transition elements)

ii" State four characteristics of transition elements)

= marks_>

b" lement M has 0 of proton number) State the Group and 'he Period of element M in Periodic 'able) xplain &our ans$er

=E marks_>

Ele#e+% P"o%o+ +(#be"

Carbon 

Sodium 00

(9)

6 a" - pupil carried out an experiment to in(estigate the chemical changes that occur to barium chloride as a result of reaction P) 'he result of the experiment is sho$n in diagram E

i" 'he chemical equation for reaction P is as follo$sI 8aCl1 J 9a1SK5  8aSK5 J 19aCl

xcess sodium sulphate is added to E; cm3_{of ;)E mol dm}3_{barium chloride)}

Gi(en the molecular mass of 8aSK5 6 133

i" calculate the mass of barium sulphate formed)

= 3marks _>

ii" Describe the experiment ho$ to ma+e the dr& barium sulphate in the laborator&)

= B marks_>

(10)

KERTAS 4 2

Figure )0 sho$s the setup of apparatus to determine the order of metals in the lectrochemical Series)

Figure )1 sho$s the readings of the (oltmeter $hen different metals $ere used as 7)

a" #ecord the (oltmeter readings potential difference" for each cell in the space pro(ided in Figure )1)

= 3 marks_>

Metals are arranged in the Electrochemical Series based on the potential difference between two metals.

1 3 0 2 Volt Cell V

When copper was used as metal  1 3 0 2 Volt Cell IV

When zinc was used as metal  1 3 0 2 Volt Cell I

When magnesium was used as metal  0 Volt 1 3 2 Cell II

When lead was used as metal  1 3 0 2 Volt Cell III

When iron was used as metal 

Potential difference ! """ V Potential difference ! """ V Potential difference ! """ V

Potential difference ! """ V Potential difference ! """ V #$%&RE '.( )opper*$$+ sulphate solution MetalX plate )opper plate

V

#$%&RE '.,

+

_

copper as the positive terminal in all cells

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b" Construct a table and record the pairs of metals and potential difference for this experiment)

= 3 marks_>

c" Complete 'able )3 based on the experiment)

Na#e o$ 8a"iables Ac%io+ %o be %a9e+ i" Manipulated (ariable I

<<<<<<<<<<<<<)))

i" 'he $a& to manipulate (ariable I

<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<))) <<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<))) ii" #esponding /ariable I

<<<<<<<<<<<<<)))

ii" ?hat to obser(e in the responding (ariable I

<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<))) <<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<))) iii" Controlled (ariable I

<<<<<<<<<<<<<)))

iii" 'he $a& to maintain the controlled (ariable I

<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<))) <<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<)))

=  marks_>

d" 8ased on Cell I in Figure )1,

i" ?hat $ould &ou obser(e at magnesium plate@

<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<< = 3 marks_>

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ii" ?rite the half equations of the reaction ta+ing place at the copper plate)

<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<< = 3 marks_>

e" ?h& the (oltmeter reading for Cell : is ;); /@

<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<)) = 3 marks_>

f" 8ased on potential differences in Figure )1, arrange copper, magnesium, lead, iron and zinc in descending order of electropositi(it& of metal)

= 3 marks_>

1

Hsing the suitable materials and apparatus, plan a labotar& experiment to compare the electrical conducti(it& bet$een the compounds of  and N)

Nour explaination should include all the follo$ingsI a" Statement of the problem

b" .&pothesis c" -ll the (ariables

d" List of materials and apparatus e" Procedure

f" 'abulation of data

= 0Bmarks_>

- student is gi(en an ionic compound  and co(alent compound N)