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(1)

Example of Tollgate-Based Project Management Template

from Industry

Chart supplied by Terry Russell, OU ME Advisory Board Chairman

ME471, Dr. Kremer

Tollgate

Project Management

Process:

• Define tollgates and checklist items to be completed for each

tollgate

• Project reviews are based on checklist items at each tollgate

Example Discussion:

The example on the next page shows a 10-tollgate template.

• The number of tollgates used can be changed.

• For this example items 1-6 correspond to “ Defining the problem and

Formulating solutions”, plus numerous project management tasks.

• Tollgates 7, 8 and 9 correspond to “detailed design and development”

• Tollgate 10 covers field support, a very important component of a

real-world product development project

(2)

GE Aircraft Engines

GE GP7000

GE GP7000

Idea Strategize Get Consensus

Feedback Propose - Prepare Launch Design Develop Validate

Produce & Support

Key Elements

Key Elements

20% 40% 70% 95% 100%

10

9

8

7

6

4

3

2

1

100% 90% 80% 70% 60% 50% 40% 30% 20% 10% 0%

5

Mission: Develop and certify by December 1999 the GE-P&W Engine Alliance

GP7000 engine for the 747-600 airplane with airplane certification by December

2000 to satisfy our customers and shareholders with world class products and

+ Need identified for NPI Process. + Establish Senior

Leadership Team. + Identify Leadership

Team. + Establish NPI Team. + Evaluate business

impact. + Define initial program

requirements. + Conceptual designs

evaluated. + Tollgate 1 checklist

review completed.

+ Define key technical requirements. + Brainstorm issues. + Develop risk

assessment criteria. + Hold conceptual

design & program cross functional reviews. + Finalize alternative approaches (strategy). + Identify manufacturing approaches. + Perform risk assessment. + Selling price established, target cost reviewed, current capability cost defined. + Prepare prelim. program plan. + Tollgate 2 checklist review completed. + Expand team membership. + Begin risk abatement

plans. + Generate preliminary

approach. + Obtain stakeholder

feedback and revise approach as required. + Vendor partners

identified. + Identify installation

impacts. + Customer study deck

complete. + Engine operability &

deterioration requirements defined. + Detailed maintenance

cost rolled up. + Airframer acceptance of

design. + Confirm all technologies

on hand. + Review Tollgate 3

checklist. + Conduct Tollgate 3

review.

+ Establish program launch scenario. + Communicate status of

program direction. + Define detailed customer

requirements. + Initiate QFD to identify

top-level CTQ’s. + Prepare detailed program

plans. + Baseline configuration

frozen. + Commercial engine

aircraft system specs completed and signed. + Approve plan to close target cost/current cost gap.

+ Tollgate 4 checklist review completed.

+ Tech Reqmnts issued. + Performance stack up

complete. + ICD approved. + Quote deck delivered. + Preliminary Type Board

held. + CERT/QUAL plan

reviewed. + Block test configuration

defined. + Program funding finalized. + Update integrated program

master plans/Identify critical path elements. + Configuration Mgt. plan frozen. + Finalize make/buy decisions. + Finalize manufacturing processes. + Identify design review &

program scorecards review schedules. + Identify Review Tollgate 6

checklist. + Conduct Tollgate 6 review.

+ Launch program. + Refine critical path

elements/schedule. + Identify CTQ’s. + Initiate concurrent

detail design & manufacturing process planning. + Hold detailed design

reviews. + Finalize detail design/test definition. + Review Tollgate 7 checklist. + Conduct Tollgate 7 review. + Procure/manufacture hardware. + Validate process capability. + Finalize detailed

cert/qual test plans. + Prepare test hardware. + Review Tollgate 8

checklist. + Conduct Tollgate 8

review.

+ Complete component tests, engine, and flight testing as required. + Confirm all program

requirements are met, and complete documentation. + Obtain customer/agency approval. + Review Tollgate 9 checklist. + Conduct Tollgate 9 review.

Prepare detailed plan

+ Finalize technical requirements. + Update business and

technical plans. Business plan approved by business council. + Identify NPI Scorecard

metrics. + Establish launch

requirements. + Confirm funding,

participants, and facilities available. + Sources selected &

approved by source board. + Cycle, flowpath &

configuration frozen, cycle audited. + Nacelle & fan reverser

supplier specs issued. + Revenue sharing

participant agreements finalized and plans completed. + Process capability

(Cp/Cpk) known for all CTQs. + Configuration Mgt system defined. + UG Master Model components selected. + Tollgate 5 checklist review completed. Launch Tollgate Completion Schedule

Percent Overall NPI Program Complete Percent Tollgate Checklist Items Complete + Review producibility data. + Review field data. + Identify ongoing

improvements. + Hold periodic Tollgate 10

reviews.

(9/30/96)

(9/30/96)

(10/18/96)

(10/18/96)

(11/30/96)

(11/30/96)

(1/10/97)

(1/10/97)

(3/31/97)

(3/31/97)

(9/97)

(9/97)

(4/98)

(4/98)

(12/99)

(12/99)

(12/00)

(12/00)

10%

(9/17/96)

(9/17/96)

(3)

Close up view of Design through production tollgates

Chart supplied by Terry Russell, OU ME Advisory Board Chairman

ME471, Dr. Kremer

Design

Develop

Validate

Produce &

Support

10

9

8

7

+ Launch program.

+ Refine critical path

elements/schedule.

+ Identify CTQ’s.

+ Initiate concurrent

detail design &

manufacturing

process planning.

+ Hold detailed design

reviews.

+ Finalize detail

design/test definition.

+ Review Tollgate 7

checklist.

+ Conduct Tollgate 7

review.

+ Procure/manufacture

hardware.

+ Validate process

capability.

+ Finalize detailed

cert/qual test plans.

+ Prepare test hardware.

+ Review Tollgate 8

checklist.

+ Conduct Tollgate 8

review.

+ Complete component

tests, engine, and flight

testing as required.

+ Confirm all program

requirements are met,

and complete

documentation.

+ Obtain customer/agency

approval.

+ Review Tollgate 9

checklist.

+ Conduct Tollgate 9

review.

+ Review producibility

data.

+ Review field data.

+ Identify ongoing

improvements.

+ Hold periodic Tollgate 10

reviews.

(9/97)

(4)

Sr. Design Tollgates

1. Tollgate 1 – Conceptual and Preliminary Design

a. Sufficient problem definition, development of design

specifications, and investigation of alternatives

b. Sufficient/correct analysis of alternatives

c. Sufficient justification provided for selection of “best”

design concept

d. Sufficient/correct development of preliminary design to

show feasibility with respect to ability to meet design

specifications

e. Sufficient project management planning and

scheduling has been completed

(5)

ME471, Dr. Kremer

Sr. Design Tollgates

Tollgate 2 – Experimental prototyping, testing, simulation, analysis,

and system-level design refinement

a. Fully developed

hardware configuration

based on

sufficient/correct prototyping, testing, analysis and

simulation

·

Appropriate types/methods of analysis & simulation

were used; parameters in simulations were based on

experimental data for the actual system; analysis &

simulations were completed correctly and documented

well.

·

Appropriate prototypes were built and experiments were

based on a clear need for information; experiments were

designed, planned, and conducted well; data was analyzed

correctly and the process was documented well

.

b. Design methods (DFX, FMEA, Value Engineering,…) were

used appropriately and applied correctly to refine/improve

the design

(6)

Sr. Design Tollgates

Tollgate 3 – Design refinement and performance validation

via prototype testing

a. Prototype performance shows that final design can

adequately meet all critical design specifications

b. Performance predictions from dynamic simulations

correlated/compared to actual performance results

and all significant discrepancies corrected

c. Adequate cost/manufacturability analysis has been

completed

(7)

ME471, Dr. Kremer

Sr. Design Tollgates

Tollgate 4: Pre-Production Review

a. Final design includes refinements based on prototype

testing and simulations

b. Final design characteristics (dimensions, materials,

etc.) have been developed based on failure analysis

with respect to all potential failure modes, and proper

design factors of safety were achieved

c. Project documentation package is completed,

including a complete and correct set of properly

dimensioned and toleranced engineering drawings

d. Final design has been evaluated for form/fit/function,

manufacturability, assembly, safety, reliability, cost,

patent infringement, and environmental impact, and

results of these evaluations are clearly documented

(8)

Sr. Design Tollgates

For all tollgates:

a. The design report and formal presentation

associated with each design review must be

acceptable

b. All group members must exhibit sufficient mastery of

the “Professional Skills and Tools” associated with

the current phase of the design process

(9)

Notes on Proceeding From Preliminary to Final Design

ME471, Dr. Kremer

Preliminary Design

A preliminary design defines

1 Basic configuration (how things fit together)

2 Sizing (scale) of the system (realistic bounds on values for key design parameters)

3 Possible/reasonable alternatives for design components

4 Basic functions and how they will be provided/satisfied by the design

Final Design

A “near-optimal” (or at least acceptable) final design requires

Definition of nominal values and tolerances for all design parameters

Sizing/selection of mechanical elements to

o

Satisfy requirements for form/fit/function

o

Avoid common failure modes

o

Address important design issues

Creating and Gathering Information/Embodiment Design/Design Refinement

To progress from a preliminary design to a final design requires information

This information comes from the analysis and testing that you do to create and evaluate your design

Prototyping and testing

Research

Simulation and Analysis

Application of Design Methods to simplify/modify/improve design

Most decisions must be made before we have all of the information we would like to have

References

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