Raspberry Pi Based Automated and Efficient Irrigation System With Add-On Field Security

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Raspberry Pi Based Automated and Efficient Irrigation System With Add-On Field Security

Dr.P.A.Harsha Vardhini, K.Murali Chandra Babu, D.Swarupa Rani

1, 2,3

Department of ECE, Vignan Institute of Technology and Science, Deshmukhi, India,

Abstract :

Food being one of the basic need of any living being on earth, maximum percentage of human beings survive on food from plants and trees. Food taken decides the health and life span of a human being.

Now-a-days, the food commodities available in market are almost mixed with chemicals and many inorganic medicines are used in agriculture procedures. Inspite of the area left for gardening this project develops an irrigation system that can be implemented by every person in their house like bungalow, farm house, individual homes, apartments etc., Efficient usage of energy and money are the added advantages when the proposed system is installed and programmed properly. Raspberry Pi based Automatic Irrigation system with IoT link up not only favors with the above advantage, it also a means of eco energy which precisely makes use of water and power. Wireless and Automated system in this work is feasible compared to high cost wired system in remote areas. Temperature, Moisture, Humidity, Light are the factors that decide the function of this system with an additional feature of IoT link and security from invaders like farm destroying animals

Keywords: Raspberry Pi, IoT, Sensors, Home Irrigation.

1. INTRODUCTION

Novel irrigation system is presented with security and remote monitoring feature. Irrigation is made fully automatic with pi using IoT. Sensors are properly installed and interfaced to Raspberry Pi and desired parameters viz. temperature, moisture, humidity, light, pressure are measured and security is an additional property provided in this project. Exhaust fan, light, sprinkler, motor are controlled by Arm processor provided on Raspberry Pi.

Raspberry Pi is a power full micro computer available in a hand sized card which controls and monitors the complete project. Moisture sensor and Humidity sensors are checking for the moisture percentage in the soil and the requirement for watering the plants. Pressure sensors sense the invasion of small animals like big rats that damage the crop. IoT based irrigation systems can be programmed to discharge more precise amounts of water in a targeted area. In addition to that, humidity level and existing temperature in that area are sensed. The irrigation controller node is composed of a Raspberry pi board, sensor nodes are deployed for field process monitoring and control. The sensing parameters will be displayed as values at web. If there is any exceed condition of parameters (temperature, humidity, moisture) using IoT it will send date to web page and control action also we can take from the web. The proposed system makes remote monitoring possible in irrigation applications. System will help a owner/farmer to know his field/garden status in his home/out of station or he may at any part of the world.

Section 2 illustrates the implementation of Pi based irrigation system. Section 3 shows the results of various sensors connected to Pi. Section 4 concludes the work.

2. IMPLEMENTATION

Fig. 1 shows the hardware implementation of the proposed Pi home irrigation system, IoT link up is established using an android mobile. Sensors are properly installed and interfaced to Raspberry Pi and the parameters viz…temperature, moisture, humidity, light, pressure are measured and security is an additional property provided in this project. Exhaust fan, light, sprinkler, motor are controlled by Arm processor provided on Raspberry Pi. This irrigation systems facilitates to take care of the plants even when the person is in travel and out of station with an additional advantage of water conservation or it

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also a means of eco energy which precisely makes use of energy sources, one is water and the other is power.

Fig.1 Block Diagram of Irrigation system using Raspberry Pi

Wireless and Automated system in this project is feasible compared to high cost wired system in remote areas. Temperature, Moisture, Humidity, Light are the factors that decide the function of this system with an additional feature of IoT link and security from invaders like farm destroying animals. In this work, Raspberry Pi is interfaced with a Wi- Fi module. The RPi Model incorporates numerous of enhancements and added features. Relays cannot be directly driven by the Raspberry Pi as it has 0 and 3.3 volt. 12Volts are needed to drive the relay (electromechanical). A driver circuit is added in this case which will improve the low level inputto the required 12 V and it promptly drives the relay at this 12 V.

Whenever light sensor detects the light failure, it sends a signal to the comparator of the board and it turns on the light arranged in the garden/field for the clear visibility and security of the plants/crops.

Moisture sensor and Humidity sensors are checking for the moisture content in the soil and the requirement for watering the plants. Whenever the moisture content is not sufficient the sensor will send a signal to the turn on the motor, this in turn will ON the sprinkler. When ever the soil moisture content is suitable for the plants, the motor will be turned OFF. Humidity plays an important role in the proper growth of the plants. Humidity sensors when detects the absence of humidity the sprinkler will be ON and the exhaust fans will cool the area. (this is applicable to closed places like when gardening is done in indoor houses, apartment corridors, glass green house etc.,)

Pressure Sensor

Buzzer

Motor

Driver Sprinkler

RASPBERRY PI

Temperature sensor

Moisture sensor

M C P 3 0 0 8 Humidity

sensor

IOT

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Fig. 3. Screen shot of the irrigation system hardware

Pressure sensors sense the invasion of small animals like big rats that damage the crop. Image processing can be used to enhance the security feature. As the project is design for a low cost system which can be used for any location, pressure sensors are used for security. Whenever pressure sensor gets activated the buzzer will be ON. Buzzer sound will alert the owner and it will threaten the animals that entered the field. Eco energy playing a major role in day to day life of a common man, natural resources are to be used economically for future growth and prosperity. These type of automated systems reduce the use of water, electricity. etc and the plants are protected from the over watering of the crops.

3. RESULTS

Screenshots of automated irrigation system sensors indicating the values of temperature, moisture and humidity are displayed. Figure 4 to Figure 8 are the screenshots representing the continuous monitoring of the parameters like humidity, temperature, moisture, light, presence of an object/ human or invader.

Figure 4 Monitoring parameters using sensors- screen shot 1

Figure 5. Monitoring parameters using sensors- screen shot 2

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Hardware Implementation of the energy efficient irrigation system that can be developed in home is as shown in Figure. 9. Moisture sensor is placed in the pots placed in home, whenever moisture sensor checks for low moisture, the raspberry pi is programmed so that it switches ON the relay of the driver circuit to run the motor of the sprinkler/water outlet. Water will be given to the plants only when there is a need of it. There by preserving water in winter and rainy season. Figure. 4.12 shows the complete setup of the project showing the pumping of water to the plant according to sensor placed and the value monitored.

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Figure 9. Proposed System-Monitoring parameters, Displaying output 4. CONCLUSION

Novel home irrigation system is presented with security and remote monitoring feature. Irrigation is made fully automatic using Raspberry pi and IoT. Sensors are properly installed and interfaced to Raspberry Pi and various parameters like temperature, moisture, humidity, light, pressure are measured and security is an additional property provided in this project. Exhaust fan, light, sprinkler, motor are controlled by ARM processor provided on Raspberry Pi. This system comprises the live monitoring of crops using android phones and automatic motor on/off system, this two systems make the irrigation fully automatic. The proposed system makes remote monitoring possible in irrigation applications, house hold applications, home gardening when tenants are out of station.

References

[1] ChandankumarSahu, PramiteeBehera, “A Low Cost Smart Irrigation Control System”, IEEE Sponsored 2nd International Conference on Electronics and Communication System (ICECS 2015) [2] G. Yuan, Y. Luo, X. Sun, and D. Tang, “Evaluation of a crop water stress index for detecting water

stress in winter wheat in the North China Plain,”Agricult. Water Manag., vol. 64, no. 1, pp. 29–40, Jan. 2004.

[3] Nikhil Agrawal, Smita Singhal, “Smart Drip Irrigation System using Raspberry pi and Arduino”, IEEE International Conference on Computing, Communication and Automation, 2015.

[4] R.Hussain, J.Sehgal, A.Gangwar, M.Riyag “Control of irrigation automatically by using wireless sensor network” International journal of soft computing and engineering, vol.3, issue 1, march 2013, pp. 324-328.