SAP 2000
Software Workshop
Prepared By : Ammar Khalouf
Workshop Schedule:
Session 1:
• Brief Background about Finite element method. • Introduction to CSI Structural Package.
• Start with SAP 2000 User Interface.
Session 2:
• SAP 2000 (Tutorial 1) – Beam analysis and design. • SAP 2000 (Tutorial 2) – 2D Truss analysis and design.
Session 3:
• SAP 2000 (Tutorial 3) – 2D Frame analysis and design.
• SAP 2000 (Tutorial 4) – 3D Steel and concrete framed structure.
Session 4:
• SAP 2000 (Tutorial 5) – Truss bridge analysis and design.
Session 5:
Session 1
Introduction:
Any type of engineering system (Structural , Mechanical , Electrical , etc) is defined by:
-Governing equation : coming from the fundamental principles of physics
such as: equilibrium, conservation of energy, conservation of mass, and Newton's laws of motion
-Boundary Conditions: that limits the behavior of the system and make it
solvable (have unique solution).
Example: Single spring problem is a very simple example of an engineering system.
Now imagine if the system was more complicated :
-Non-simple arbitrary geometry.
-Materials have complex behavior and properties.
- Complex governing equation (Second-order Differential equations). -Even if we know the equation , no direct way of solving it !
-Divide the complex shape into lots of simpler shapes. (Discretization)
-Solve the governing equation over each simpler shape.
-Join all the simpler shapes together, ensuring compatibility and equilibrium at the inter-element boundaries.
-Equations are better represented in Matrix Format called :
-Solution Process is done using computer device.
Finite Element Method
Finite element analysis (FEA) is a computerized approximate method for predicting how an element reacts to real-world forces.
FEA works by breaking down a real object into a large number (thousands to hundreds of thousands) of finite elements, such as little cubes. Mathematical equations help predict the behavior of each element. A computer then adds up all the individual behaviors to predict the behavior of the actual object.
-Video On The Finite Element Method:
SAP 2000
SAP2000 is a general purpose finite element program which performs the static or dynamic, linear or nonlinear analysis of structural systems.
SAP 2000 Documents
Include:
-Software Manuals.
-Step-by-Step Tutorials. -Steel Design Examples. -Concrete Design Examples. -Verification Manuals.
Session 2
Tutorial 1
-Tutorial 1:
Beam Analysis
-SAP 2000 Solution:
-Bending Moment Diagram:
-Design Sections with Capacity ratios:
-Tutorial 1:
Beam Analysis
-Manual Solution:
-Tutorial 1:
Beam Analysis
Exercise 3:
-Design the continuous beam using UKB Section. Grade (S275) -Check live load serviceability for limiting deflection of : (span/360).
-Loadings:
-Self weight of the beam.
-Point Loads are super imposed loads. -Distributed Loads are live loads.
-Combinations:
ULS: 1.35 (D.L)+1.5 (L.L) SLS: 1.0 (D.L) + 1.0 (L.L)
-SAP 2000 Solution:
-Bending Moment Diagram:
Tutorial 2
-Tutorial 2:
Plane Truss
Exercise 1:
-Ignore Self weight of the truss.
-Assume all connections are pinned. -Design member FI for Tension. using (Hollow) or (Angle) sections. -Grade of Steel (S355).
-SAP 2000 Solution:
-SAP 2000 Solution:
-SAP 2000 Solution:
-Tutorial 2:
Plane Truss
Exercise 2:
-Ignore Self weight.
-Assume welded connections. -Grade of Steel (S275).
-SAP 2000 Solution:
-SAP 2000 Solution:
Session 3
Tutorial 3
-Tutorial 3:
2D Frame Analysis
-Ignore Self weight of the frame. -Load applied is Ultimate.
-Assume rigid connections.
-Design a bracing member as RHS section. -Grade of Steel (S275).
Tutorial 4
-Tutorial 4
: Steel and concrete framed structure
-Live load = 2.5 kN/m2 -ULS : 1.35 DL + 1.5 LL -Grade of Steel (S355).
-Assume all beams are simply supported. -Assume all columns are hinged.
-Check central column capacity for compression. -Check beams capacity for bending.
-Tutorial 4
: Steel and concrete framed building
-Plan view
-Tutorial 4
: Steel and concrete framed building
-Typical Section:
-Manual Solution:
Column (B5)
-Manual Solution:
Design of beam (A3-B3)
-Manual Solution:
Design of beam (A3-B3)
-Manual Solution:
Design of beam (A3-B3)
-Manual Solution:
Design of beam (A3-B3)
-Manual Solution:
Design of column (B5)
-Manual Solution:
Design of column (B5)
-Manual Solution:
Design of column (B5)
-SAP 2000 Solution:
Analysis results
Secondary Beam (A3-B3) Main Beam (B5-9) Column (B5)
Session 4
Tutorial 5
-SAP 2000 Solution:
Using Static Load Case
Support reactions
-SAP 2000 Solution:
Design check
-SAP 2000 Solution:
Using Moving Load Case.
Influence Line for Top Chord
-SAP 2000 Solution:
Using Moving Load Case.
-SAP 2000 Solution:
Static vs Dynamic
Capacity ratios (Dynamic) Capacity ratios (Static)
Session 5
-Part 1
: Import CAD drawing to SAP 2000
Finite Element Model
Save as DXF File
-Part 1
: Import dxf file to SAP 2000
-Part 1
: Import dxf file to SAP 2000
-Part 2
: Export SAP 2000 model to CAD file
Export to AutoCAD DXF file
-Part 2
: Export SAP 2000 model to CAD file
References:
SAP2000, C.S.I., 2013. Computers and Structures Inc. Berkeley, CA, USA. CSI, S., 1996. Integrated Finite Element Analysis and Design of Structures. Computers and Structures, Inc., Berkeley, California.
Wilson, E.L. and Habibullah, A., 1998. SAP2000—structural analysis users manual. Computers and Structures, Inc.
Computers and Structures, Inc. "Tutorial Videos | SAP2000".
Link: https://www.csiamerica.com/products/sap2000/watch-and-learn
Da Silva, L.S., Simões, R. and Gervásio, H., 2012. Design of Steel
Structures: Eurocode 3: Design of Steel Structures, Part 1-1: General Rules and Rules for Buildings. John Wiley & Sons.
