Selecting The Best Heating And Cooling System For Your Space

Selecting The Best

Heating And Cooling

System For Your Space

Agenda

12:00pm – Welcome and Introductions 12:05pm – Presentation

12:55pm – Q&A

Webinar Logistics

• All attendees are in listen only mode

• We will be answering questions during and after the presentation

• Please send us questions using the Q&A or chat box at any time

• The webinar is being recorded and will be shared after the webinar

SCP’s Mission

• Provide higher percentages of renewable energy and reduce greenhouse gas emissions

• Help solve the climate crisis at a local level

• React and respond to local needs

• Deliver customer programs that make a difference

Community Choice

CleanStart Service

• Default service

• Competitive rates

• Mix of renewables, carbon-free energy, and general system power

50% Renewable

97% Carbon-Free

EverGreen Service

• Optional program available to residential and commercial customers

• Premium of $0.025/kWh (about $13 more per month than CleanStart for avg. home)

24/7 Renewable 100% Local

Solar & Geothermal

Advanced Energy Center

The Advanced Energy Center is a showcase for the latest and greatest energy saving technologies.

 Take classes on advanced energy topics

 Get connected with certified contractors.

 Purchase equipment and controls with incentives using zero interest loans paid back on their electric bill

 Learn about all of SCP customer programs in one place

 Try cooking in SCP’s zero carbon kitchen

Selecting the Best Heating and Cooling System for Your Space

John Proctor, P.E.

Fairfax, CA 94930 415-717-1700

[email protected]

Copyright 2021 John Proctor, P.E.

This Webinar

• Pros and Cons of Residential Heating and Cooling Systems: efficiency (effect on annual cost), first cost, and maintenance

• first considerations

• evaporative coolers

• air conditioners

– ducted and non-ducted

• electric resistance including heated ceilings and floors

• gas furnaces

• heat pumps

• residential chillers and radiant panels

• Sonoma Clean Power’s incentives and GridSavvy Community using a smart thermostat.

• Ask questions in Chat as we go through –

We will answer them as time allows

First Considerations

• Reduce the heating and cooling load:

– Insulation

– Air sealing the structure

– In summer, open windows at night, close shades during the day

– Install a whole house fan that vents directly to outside

• Whole system design and installation are more important than the ratings of a particular box:

– Pay attention to the caveats I put into the systems DON’T OVERSIZE! SHORT DUCTS!

– Pull permits and get the Home Energy Rating (HERS)

inspections

Best Summary on Doing it Right

https://tinyurl.com/e9s6fhb7

Evaporative Coolers

• Whole sections of the house

• Window and wall

• Least costly source of cooling

• Requires a simple annual cleaning

$530 + Installatio n

$595 ≈ $

How they work: ACs Remove Heat and

Moisture and Discharge Them

15

California is Dry and Needs Very Little Dehumidification

Therefore the AC airflow needs

to be 500 to 600 cubic feet per

minute (CFM) per ton with short

ducts

Heat Pumps Remove Heat from Outside Air and Discharge it Inside

Cold Coils

Coils Hot

Air Conditioner and Heat Pump Ratings

• British thermal unit (BTU) a standard measure of the amount of energy

• Watt hour (Wh) a standard measure of the amount of electrical energy (1Wh = 3.4 BTU)

• Cooling SEER

– ”Seasonal Energy Efficiency Ratio” (Cooling BTUs per Wh used) – Not a consistent measure over different Types of Air Conditioners

• Cooling EER

– Energy Efficiency Ratio (Cooling BTUs per Wh) – Relatively consistent steady state measurement

• Heating HSPF

– Heating Seasonal Performance Factor (Heating BTUs per Wh used) – Heating equivalent of SEER

• Heating COP

– Coefficient of Performance (Heating Wh per Wh used) – Heating equivalent of EER

Air Conditioners and Heat Pumps

• Portable ^$

– I don’t recommend, but if you do –

• Window $

– Low Cost

– Effective for a single room

• Through the wall ^{2 X $}

• Whole house

– Used with a Furnace or as a Heat Pump 10 X $

– I recommend two speed units they are more efficient 12 X $

EER 12.2 COP 3.0 EER 25.0 COP 4.0

Air Conditioners & Heat Pumps

• Geothermal ^{40 X $}

– Highly efficient (low annual costs)

– Very costly

• Residential Chillers ^{16 X $}

– Delivers to floor or air

– Floor delivery not good for houses with high moisture

• Ductless mini-splits ^{16 X $}

– Requires one head per room

• Ducted mini-splits ^{16 X $}

– Serves multiple close rooms

Air Conditioner & Heat Pump Selection

• Cooling Ratings

– EER not SEER

• Heating Ratings

– COP not HSPF

• Possibility of short duct runs

• Possibility of duct runs inside

conditioned space

Air Conditioner & Heat Pump Operation and Maintenance

• Initial installation inspected (HERS)

• Use & change 4”

pleated Filters

• Never add

refrigerant until the leak is fixed

• Run any multi-stage

machine at constant

temperature

Electric Resistance

• Baseboards

– Cheap, High cost to run

• Radiant Floors

– Luxurious (Bathroom)

• Radiant Panels

– High cost to run

• Backups for a Heat Pump

– High cost to run

Don’t install one or lock it out above 35 degrees F

COP 1

Heating Costs Electricity and Natural Gas Estimates per Therm

(100,000 BTUs = 29.3 kWh)

• Resistance Electric $9.08

• Standard Heat Pump $3.03

• Two Speed Heat Pump $2.27

• Short Duct Mini-split $1.82

• Standard 80% Gas Furnace $2.35

• 95% Gas Furnace $2.11

• Boiler $1.69

Furnaces

• Single Stage ^{6 X $}

– Non-condensing

• Two Stage ^{7 X $}

• I recommend Condensing Direct Vent,

Single Stage with

Variable Speed

Blower ^{7 X $}

Boilers

• Direct Vent and Condensing

– Generally Quiet

– Efficient (no duct losses) – Normally zoned

• Delivery by

– Convectors – Radiant Floors

16 X $

This Webinar

• Incentives

– Air to Water Heat Pumps $1000 +

– Ecobee and Nest Thermostats $50 + $5 per month

includes enrollment in GridSavvy, which gives SCP limited control of heating and cooling demand.

• On Bill Financing at 0% interest

– for qualifying projects

– up to $5000, for 5 years

– up to $10000, for 10 years