Resincap Journal of Science and Engineering
Volume 4, Issue 3, March 2020 ISSN: 2456-9976
923
An Energy Efficient Approach Based on IoT:Street Light Automation for Smart City
Pardeshi Mayuri S.
U G Student Computer Engg.Dept
S.N.D.C.O.E. Rc [email protected]
Shaikh Aafrin M.
U G Student Computer Engg.Dept
S.N.D.C.O.E. Rc [email protected]
Shinde Amruta V.
U G Student Computer Engg.Dept
S.N.D.C.O.E. Rc [email protected] Dhatrak Roshni P.
U G Student Computer Engg.Dept
S.N.D.C.O.E. Rc [email protected]
Prof.Dhakane Vikas. N.
Asst.Professor Computer Engg.Dept
S.N.D.C.O.E. Rc [email protected]
ABSTRACT
The internet of things (IoT) are able to implement open manner a very large amount of diverse end systems, while digital service provides open access to sub set of data. The center of attention of this paper is smart street light system. In this system the street light systems are automatically ON and OFF according to the situation. The street light detect the any movement of object on the street. In the conventional system IR sensor is used to notice the object. The microcontroller is used to control the process demand the internet. In this paper focusing on controlling the light intensity considering the object near the light. The IoT is changing people lives by interacting with regular questions together. A Street light is a source of light on the edge of a road which turns on around evening time for the comfort of individuals. Now{a-days Street light have turned into an in- operative angle including street safety. A great deal of power is consumed by road lights. Street lights area unit the main demand in today's lifetime of trans- portation for safety functions and avoiding accidents throughout night. Once if the weather are going to change from sunrise to sunset this system are automatically switches ON lights or OFF lights.
Keywords
IR Sensors, LDR, Photoelectric Sensor, Internet of Things, Arduino UNO, LED.
1. INTRODUCTION
Providing correct utilization of power for dominant street lights. The idea is to develop a mobile app on automatic street lights on/off. the concept of coming up with a brand new system for the street lamp that don't consume large quantity of electricity and illuminate giant areas with the very best intensity of sunshine is regarding every engineer operating during this field. Providing street lighting is one in every of the foremost vital and high-ticket responsibilities of a town.
Lighting will account for 10{38per of the whole energy bill in typical cities worldwide. Street lighting could be a notably crucial concern for public authorities in developing countries attributable to its strategic importance for economic and social stability. In efficient lighting wastes important monetary resources once a year, and poor lighting creates unsafe conditions. Energy economical technologies and style mechanism will scale back value of the road lighting drastically.
Manual management is liable to errors and ends up in energy wastages and manually dimming throughout time of day is unworkable. Also, dynamically following the sun shine level is manually unworkable. The current boom rank is that the introduction of automation and remote management solutions to manage street lighting.
In [1], They are use LED (Light Emitting Diode) lamps instead of sodium vapour lamps. The life span of LED lamps is almost 50 times better than other conventional lamps. LEDs are both cost and energy efficient.This project describes a new real time solution of street light control systems. It includes a monitoring circuit of street lights and separate lights with network operating..
2. REVIEW OF LITERATURE
B. Abinaya [2], represented the system is mainly used for smart and weather adaptive lighting in street lights. The project is implemented with smart embedded system that controls the street light based on detection of sunlight. During the night time the street lights gets automatically ON and during the day time it gets automatically OFF. The ON/OFF can be accessed anywhere anytime through internet. A camera is placed top of the street light to track the action performed on the road where the footage are stored in a server. In addition to this, a panic button is placed on the pole, in case of any emergency or danger the person in danger can press this button which raise an alarm at the nearby police station.
Whenever the panic button pressed, the footage at that time recorded by the camera is sent directly to the cloud account.
Vahid Ghods [3], represented street lighting system as one of the foremost facilities used in the cities plays a pivotal role in reducing nocturnal cad accident and enhancing individual and social security Therefore, one of the main priorities in Electrical Distribution Companies is the timely repair and maintenances of the street lighting which should be regularly checked.
Another paper related to this project was" Low Power Consumption of LED Street Light Based on Smart Control System published IEEE journal 2016 for2016 International Conference on Global Trends in Signal Processing, Information Computing and Communication [7].In this paper, they have proposed low power consumption LED Street light based on smart control system. In this system we used sensor to measure sun light intensity, day / night condition and track on a road. The intensity of LED Street light varies with these
Resincap Journal of Science and Engineering
Volume 4, Issue 3, March 2020 ISSN: 2456-9976
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parameters. We have used two sensors that are LDR (light depending resistor) sensor and motion sensor. LDR sensor is used to control the switching action of LED street lights depending on sunlight condition. Motion sensor is used to change the intensity of LED light, when there is no motion of object at mid night on street then all the street lights are dimmed, to reduce the power consumption. In this paper proposed state of art system which consists of PIC 18F4550 micro controller, LDR sensor, motion sensor, LED driver and Computer. The switching action of system is depending on sun light intensity. It is controlled by using LDR, i.e. when there is sunshine in atmosphere then LDR resistance minimum and when there is dark, the LDR resistance will be maximum.
3. PROPOSED SYSTEM
In this system we used sensor to measure sun light intensity, day /night condition and track on a road. The intensity of LED Street light varies with these parameters. We have used two sensors that are LDR (light depending resistor) sensor and motion sensor. LDR sensor is used to control the switching action of LED street lights depending on sunlight condition.
Motion sensor is used to change the intensity of LED light, when there is no motion of object at mid night on street then all the street lights are dimmed, to reduce the power consumption. In this paper proposed state of art system which consists of PIC 18F4550 micro controller, LDR sensor, motion sensor, LED driver and Computer. The switching action of system is depending on sun light intensity. It is controlled by using LDR, i.e. when there is sufficient sunshine in atmosphere then LDR resistance minimum and when there is dark, the LDR resistance will be maximum. The threshold value of resistance can be set any value as per user requirement. This value sends to microcontroller to switching LED lights on/off. At mid night, there is very less track on road so there is no need of LED lights with full intensity light.
To detect motion of the object on a road, we have used motion sensor. It will sense the motion of object within the range of seven meters. If there is no motion of object on a road within user defined time then light intensity will decrease to minimum value using PWM (Pulse width Modulation) pulse.
If any motion of an object detected on a road then it will sends a signal to the micro controller and micro controller generate PWM pulse to give LED lights with full intensity..
Algorithm:
Start
Initialized system
Detect light intensity
If(light==high)
Then lights off
ELSE(light==low)
Then lights on low intensity
IF(car==cluster)
Then light on as per intensity
And street in cluster are on
ELSE
Communication with sensor on pole
If(road==obstacle)
Go to step 7
Light intensity data show in app
END
Fig. No 1 Flowchart of System
4. IMPLEMENTATION DETAILS
Fig.No 2 Overall System Architecture
Chips consists Microcontroller along with various sensors like CO2 sensor, fog sensor, light intensity sensor, noise sensor and GSM modules for wireless data sending and receiving between concentrator and PC. The data from the chips would get on a remote concentrator (PC), and the PC would also transfer the controlling action to the chip. According to the survey of variation in the intensity of light in the field area, an efficient programming would be done to ensure the least consumption of energy. The emissions in the atmospheres would detect along with the use of energy and any theft of electricity.
The research work divides into the following Phases:
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Volume 4, Issue 3, March 2020 ISSN: 2456-9976
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Research
To do a complete field study of a particular location for the existing use of energy, discharge levels, the cost of set up maintenance, etc. of that area and design energy efficient system.Web Application:
To collect the street light data (IP, Location, Area, City, etc.)
To monitor lighting control status.
To control the controllers depending upon Lamp Controllers
Power on/off/dim the light.
2. Monitor the status of the light.
4.1 NODE MCU
Fig.No 3 Node MCU
NodeMCU is a low-cost open source IoT platform. It initially included firmware which runs on the ESP8266 Wi-Fi SoC from Espressif Systems, and hardware which was based on the ESP-12 module. Later, support for the ESP32 32-bit MCU was added.
4.2 Alcohol Sensor
Fig.No .4: LDR Sensor
In our system LDR role is light intensity control when a car comes on the road and in particular cluster then ldr perform its work like car passes from road light intensity immediately change the intensity as per the speed of car.
.
4.3 IR Sensor
Fig.No. 6: IR Sensor
The Smart street light provides a solution for energy saving which is achieved by sensing an approaching vehicle using the IR sensors and then switching ON a block of street lights ahead of the vehicle. As the vehicle passes by, the trailing lights switch OFF automatically.
5. RESULT ANALYSIS:
In proposed system we retrieved the information in the app that are used to show the daily report of street light how much light consumed every day and if any obstacle occurred in the
street pole app gives the notification of that cluster which has failed pole. In our system we used the cluster method that include the multiple street light as per cluster capacity. On road we plant the multiple clusters which work one by one if car comes in the first cluster then till the end of that cluster lights are in active phase with light intensity as per the car speed. After that finish the 1st cluster it passes the notification to 2nd cluster an cluster 2 are ready to active. As per multiple cluster used this system will be work.
Fig.No 6.Street light glowing as initial intensity
Fig.No7. Street light glowing at 100% intensity
Fig.No 8. lamp2 glowing at car passes
Fig.No 9. finally one cluster complete
In given fig. one cluster are shown and that cluster are perform the work as per mentioned above after the last street light next cluster are ready to active the street light and same operation get performed by the cluster. As discussed above, each lamp has a sensor that keeps monitoring the status of the lamp, whenever a fault is detected a text message is sent to the number that is registered as Base station. Fig.9. shows the fault message sent by three different lamps that are numbered for identification purpose. Whenever the fault message arrives, the electrician can directly tend to the specified lamp.
Resincap Journal of Science and Engineering
Volume 4, Issue 3, March 2020 ISSN: 2456-9976
926 6. TESTING
Table No.1.Tesing Case
TEST CASE ID
TEST SCENARIO
TEST DATA
EXPECTED_RESULT ACTUAL_RESULT STATUS
T1 To check
whether user successfully connected in network
User should successfully connected in network
User has successfully connected in network
As Expected PASS
T2 Check User
Message
User should receive the message
User has receive the message
As Expected PASS
T3 Notification to user on display
System should able to give notification to user on display
System is
giving notification to user on display
As Expected PASS
T4 Intensity Control
System should control intensity based on cars
System is controlling intensity
As Expected PASS
T5 Intensity Control
System should not control intensity based on cars
System should work as per nouns
Not Expected FAIL
T6 System
Performance
System should perform as per requirements
System able to perform as per requirements
As Expected PASS
T7 Failure Occurred
System should occurred the failure
System should not occurred failure
Not Expected FAIL
7.CONCLUSION
The main aspect of this system is overcoming the drawback of existing system, we are saving the electricity of street light, our system is maintaining the intensity control of lights. The concept is sensing the brightness in the surrounding environment and controlling the intensity of street lights accordingly. LDR Sensor is a fixed to sense the luminosity in the environment.
7. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
A very firstly we gladly thanks to my project guide Prof.V.N.
Dhakane, for his valuable guidance for implementation of proposed system. We will forever remain a thankful for their excellent as well as polite guidance for preparation of this report. Also, we would sincerely like to thank to HOD A.S.
Chandgude and other staff for their helpful coordination and support in project work.
REFERENCES
[1] Revathy.M, Ramya.S, “Automation of Street Light For SmartCity,”in International Conference on Communication and Signal Processing, April 6-8, 2017, India.
[2] Abinaya, B., Gurupriya, S., & Pooja, M. (2017). Iot based smart and adaptive lighting in street lights. 2017 2nd International Conference on Computing and Communications Technologies (ICCCT).
[3] Pooya Najafi Zanjani, Vahid Ghods, Morteza Bahadori, in 2012 19th International Conference on Mechatronics and Machine Vision in Practice (M2VIP).
[4] A. Sarma, G. Verma, S. Banarwal and H. Verma,
"Street light power reduction system using microcontroller and solar panel," 2016 3rd International Conference on Computing for Sustainable Global Development (INDIACom), New Delhi, 2016, pp.
2008-2010.
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[5] Y. M. Yussoff and M. Samad, "Sensor node development for street lighting monitoring system,"
2016 IEEE Symposium on Computer Applications &
Industrial Electronics (ISCAIE), Penang, 2016, pp. 26- 29.
[6] S. R. Parekar and M. M. Dongre, "An intelligent system for monitoring and controlling of street light using GSM technology," 2015 International Conference on Information Processing (ICIP), Pune, 2015, pp. 604- 609.
[7] Bhangdiya, V. K. (2016). “Low power consumption of LED street light based on smart control system”. 2016 International Conference on Global Trends in Signal Processing, Information Computing and
Communication (ICGTSPICC).
doi:10.1109/icgtspicc.2016.7955375
[8] Ms. M. Kokilavani, Dr. A. Malathi, “Smart Street Lighting System using IoT,” International Journal of Advanced Research in Applied Science and Technology ISSN: 2456-1959 Vol.3, No.11, November 2017.
