activating transcription factor 4
Activating transcription factor 4 regulates osteoclast differentiation in mice
... Activating transcription factor 4 (ATF4) is a critical transcription factor for osteoblast (OBL) function and bone formation; however, a direct role in osteoclasts (OCLs) has not ...
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Activating transcription factor-4 promotes mineralization in vascular smooth muscle cells
... The ATF4-C/EBPβ complex regulates transcription of PiT1 and PiT2 genes. Since ATF4 is a pleiotropic tran- scription factor, we next proceeded to locate the ATF4 response element (ATF4RE) in the PiT1 gene ...
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Myxoma virus attenuates expression of activating transcription factor 4 (ATF4) which has implications for the treatment of proteasome inhibitor–resistant multiple myeloma
... dimerization and phosphorylation of IRE1, which in turn, excises 26nt from the mRNA of the transcription factor XBP1. This excision causes a frame shift in the XBP1 mRNA, allow- ing for the translation of ...
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Cullin-RING ligases in regulation of autophagy
... Ambra1: activating molecule in Beclin-1-regulated autophagy; AMPK: AMP-activated protein kinase; ATF4: activating transcription factor 4; ATG: autophagy related gene; Bcl-2: B-cell ...
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The HLA B*35 allele modulates ER stress, inflammation and proliferation in PBMCs from Limited Cutaneous Systemic Sclerosis patients
... ATF4: activating transcription factor 4; BiP/ GRP78: glucose regulated protein; C1QC/C1QB: complement component 1, q subcomponent, C / B chain; CDKN1A: Cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1; EC: ...
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Non-esterified fatty acids in the ovary: friends or foes?
... ATF4: Activating transcription factor 4; cAMP: Cyclic adenosine monophosphate; CCND2: Cyclin D2; CLA: Conjugated linoleic acid; COC: Cumulus oocyte complex; CPT1: Carnitine palmitoyl ...
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Dysfunction of various organelles provokes multiple cell death after quantum dot exposure
... ATF4, activating transcription factor 4; ATF6, activating transcription factor 6; Bak, Bcl-2 antagonist/killer 1; Bax, Bcl-2-associated X protein; Bcl-2, B-cell ...
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The role of death receptors in ER stress and Inflamation
... exchange factor that recycles it to its active GTP bound form (Harding et ...stress-associated activating transcription factor 4 (ATF4) is an example of this (Harding et ...additional ...
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Herpesviruses and the Unfolded Protein Response
... initiation factor, eIF2α ...bZIP transcription factor Activating Transcription Factor 4 ...of transcription factors and can bind to ATF/CRE-like sequences with a ...
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Lung function associated gene Integrator Complex subunit 12 regulates protein synthesis pathways
... Using this method three pathways were upregulated and eight pathways were downregulated (Fig. 4a). Colla- gen formation and extracellular matrix organization pathways were the top two upregulated pathways (Fig. 4a, ...
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Proteostatic Signaling & Control of Protein Synthesis
... initiation factor 2 ...(uORFs). Activating Transcription Factor 4 (ATF4) is the most well-understood p- eIF2a activated uORF and has earned a reputation as a stress- induced ...
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Identification potential biomarkers in pulmonary tuberculosis and latent infection based on bioinformatics analysis
... ATF: Activating transcription factor; ATP1A4 : ATPase, Na+/K+ transporting, alpha 4 polypeptide; BATF : Basic leucine zipper transcription factor, ATF-like; BH: Benjamin and ...
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Activating transcription factor 6 derepression mediates neuroprotection in Huntington disease
... cells and mouse striatal tissue were prepared using NE-PER Nuclear and Cytoplasmic Extraction Reagents (Pierce). To prepare total stria- tal extracts, mouse and human striatal tissues were homogenized on ice in RIPA ...
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Activating transcription factor 5 enhances radioresistance and malignancy in cancer cells
... of 12.5 mm) filled with 250 μL of collagen gel. One day after seeding, 125 μL of collagen sol solution was poured on the cells and incubated for approximately 30 min at 37°C to induce gelation. The dish was then filled ...
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Low pH results in co ordinate regulation of gene expression in oesophageal cells
... accelerating factor (DAF) was observed, which has previously been reported to be upregu- lated in BO ...The transcription factors FOSB and JUN of the AP-1 transcription complex, known to have ...
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Contribution of Activating Transcription Factor 3 to development of acinar-to-ductal cell metaplasia
... In addition to the role that ATF3 plays in regulating the acinar transcriptional program, it may also be forcing ADM through increased EGFR signalling, a known driver of ADM. Activation of EGFR by EGF and TGFα ligands ...
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Li, He (2017): APC/C independent function of the spindle assembly checkpoint. Dissertation, LMU München: Fakultät für Biologie
... 3.7% formaldehyde. Samples were then washed twice with 1 ml of 0.1 M potassium phosphate buffer pH 6.4, one time with 1 ml spheroplasting buffer (0.1 M potassium phosphate buffer pH 7.4, 1.2 M sorbitol, 0.5 mM magnesium ...
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The diverse mechanisms and anticancer potential of naphthoquinones
... Naphthoquinones act as anticancer agents through a variety of mechanisms involved in all types of cancer. Some of the most important explored so far and which have been extendedly reported in the literature are: dam- age ...
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Immune cell subset differentiation and tissue inflammation
... IFN-γ inhibits Th2 proliferation by interfering with Th2 costimulator, IL-1 [203]. IL-2 signaling via STAT5 con- strains Th17 cell generation [204], while IL-6 inhibits TGF-β-induced Treg differentiation [205]. ...
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<p>KLF6 Induces Apoptosis in Human Lens Epithelial Cells Through the ATF4-ATF3-CHOP Axis</p>
... the transcription of CHOP and induce apoptosis of tumor ...transcriptional factor med- iating multiple apoptotic/anti-apoptotic genes such as DOCs (for down-stream of CHOP), Bcl-2 (B-cell lymphoma-2), TRB3 ...
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