Antigenic drift
Focused antibody response to influenza linked to antigenic drift
... Our evidence suggests that the great majority of antibod- ies generated by donor H share an overlapping footprint on the HA receptor-binding domain that includes residue K163. Sub- stitutions at this site have recently ...
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Antigenic Drift of the Influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 Virus Neuraminidase Results in Reduced Effectiveness of A/California/7/2009 (H1N1pdm09) Specific Antibodies
... of antigenic drift of NA with respect to influenza vaccine effec- tiveness have not previously been investigated in an animal model and are difficult to assess in clinical studies because antibodies to HA ...
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Antigenic drift as a mechanism for tumor evasion of destruction by cytolytic T lymphocytes
... Although antigenic drift has been established as a major mechanism for viral evasion of host immunity (1–5), its contribution to tumor evasion has not been systemati- cally ...
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Significant cross reactive antibodies to influenza virus in adults and children during a period of marked antigenic drift
... In this study, we evaluated the anti-influenza antibodies detected in the Israeli toddlers and adult population in the summer seasons of 2002 and 2007, following a marked antigenic drift in the influenza ...
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The Molecular Determinants of Antibody Recognition and Antigenic Drift in the H3 Hemagglutinin of Swine Influenza A Virus
... the antigenic motif caused moderate changes ...cyan antigenic motif with motifs matching other antigenic clusters or outliers resulted in significant changes of ...green antigenic motif into ...
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Antigenic Drift in the Influenza A Virus (H3N2) Nucleoprotein and Escape from Recognition by Cytotoxic T Lymphocytes
... for antigenic drift in the influenza A virus NP, possibly as a result of immune pres- sure mediated by ...CTL-mediated antigenic drift in a virus that causes an acute ...
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Topographical rearrangements of visna virus envelope glycoprotein during antigenic drift.
... 61, 1987 VISNA VIRUS gp135 DURING ANTIGENIC DRIFT DISCUSSION We have characterized 35 MAbs directed against visna virus strain 1514 envelope glycoprotein or core protein p27 and have use[r] ...
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Antigenic drift in the hemagglutinin of the Hong Kong influenza subtype: correlation of amino acid changes with alterations in viral antigenicity.
... 845-853 0022-538X/81/030845-09$02.00/0 Antigenic Drift in the Hemagglutinin of the Hong Kong Influenza Subtype: Correlation of Amino Acid Changes with Alterations in Viral Antigenicity T[r] ...
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A Pyrosequencing Based Approach to High Throughput Identification of Influenza A(H3N2) Virus Clades Harboring Antigenic Drift Variants
... their antigenic properties so the emergence and spread of antigenic drift variants can be rapidly ...hinder antigenic characterization by traditional methods, thus complicating vaccine strain ...
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Selection of neutralizing antibody escape mutants with type A influenza virus HA specific polyclonal antisera: possible significance for antigenic drift
... natural drift variants usually have at least four amino acid substitutions in two different antigenic sites ...prevent antigenic drift arising, as this only occurs when there is a functionally ...
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Deep Sequencing of H7N9 Influenza A Viruses from 16 Infected Patients from 2013 to 2015 in Shanghai Reveals Genetic Diversity and Antigenic Drift
... revealing antigenic variants at low frequencies in IAV- infected patients (18), and high-throughput identification of IAV H3N2 antigenic drift variants ...
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The Molecular Basis for Antigenic Drift of Human A/H2N2 Influenza Viruses
... the antigenic map, with 3.2 antigenic units of difference between NL/61/68 and ...of antigenic change in A/H2N2 ...major antigenic drift of influenza A/H3N2, A/H5N1 viruses, and influenza ...
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Antigenic Drift in H5N1 Avian Influenza Virus in Poultry Is Driven by Mutations in Major Antigenic Sites of the Hemagglutinin Molecule Analogous to Those for Human Influenza Virus
... an antigenic drift. In poultry, the occurrence of antigenic drift in avian influenza viruses is less well documented and the mechanisms remain to be ...H5N1 antigenic drift is ...
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Conservation and variation in the hemagglutinins of Hong Kong subtype influenza viruses during antigenic drift.
... Correlation of highly variable areas in the hemagglutinins of Hong Kong subtype field strains with sites of amino acid changes in antigenically distinct influenza variants enabled us to [r] ...
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Antigenic Drift Defines a New D4 Subgenotype of Measles Virus
... RNA virus populations are well known for their high levels of genetic diversity and high mutation rates, which provide a continuous challenge for investigators who must develop and constantly update vaccines and ...
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Antigenic drift in influenza virus H3 hemagglutinin from 1968 to 1980: multiple evolutionary pathways and sequential amino acid changes at key antigenic sites.
... Summary of antigenic and epidemiological data on influenza A H3 subtype Hong Kong viruses isolated from 1968 to 1980 Strain characteristics Epidemiological char-acteristics Strain A/Nort[r] ...
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Neutralizing monoclonal antibodies to human rotavirus and indications of antigenic drift among strains from neonates.
... The instability 5 and inefficient production 25 of intact human rotavirus particles in cell culture may contribute to the low numbers of neutralizing monoclonal antibodies we derived to [r] ...
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Antigenic and Genetic Evolution of Low-Pathogenicity Avian Influenza Viruses of Subtype H7N3 following Heterologous Vaccination
... of antigenic drift for avian influenza viruses (AIVs) in the absence and presence of heterologous vaccination, a collection of H7N3 viruses isolated in 2002 and 2004 were characterized genetically and ...
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Genome-Scale Evolution and Phylodynamics of Equine H3N8 Influenza A Virus
... the antigenic drift of H3N8 viruses (14, ...of antigenic drift, which has been reported repeatedly for EIV H3N8 but less so for H7N7 subtype ...
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Gross and Histopathological Changes in Chickens Infected with Infectious Bursal Disease Virus (IBDV) in a Farm in Vom, Plateau State, Nigeria
... of antigenic variation and virulence: classical strains, variant strains and very virulent strains ...an antigenic drift caused by point mutations affecting the neutralizing epitopes of viral protein ...
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