Counterfactual Thinking
The temporality effect in counterfactual thinking about what might have been
... Disruptions of the Temporality Effect These experiments demonstrate one robust way in which the temporality effect can be reduced. There are undoubtedly other ways in which the temporal order of an event may be ...
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Procrastination and counterfactual thinking: avoiding what might have been.
... A notable contribution of the current study is that it is one of the first to demonstrate a relationship between counterfactual thinking and a negative behavior pattern, procrastination. Several studies ...
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Counterfactual thinking about controllable events
... Why might inappropriate events be more psychologi- cally mutable than appropriate events? One suggestion is that inappropriate controllable events may be more mutable than appropriate controllable events because in- ...
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Counterfactual thinking: the temporal order effect
... When people reflect on past events, they tend to think not only about the events that actually happened but also about how those events might have happened differently. For example, if your car breaks down and you are ...
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Recognizing Counterfactual Thinking in Social Media Texts
... Counterfactual thinking has been linked to per- ceiving life events as more meaningful, fated, and even as influenced by the divine (Kray et ...tual thinking, counterfactual language forms ...
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A computational model of counterfactual thinking: The temporal order effect
... in counterfactual thinking (see Walsh & Byrne, 2001, for ...a counterfactual alternative about how the outcome could have turned out differently ...
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The influence of the reversibility of object on young children’s counterfactual thinking
... This study examined the influence of the reversibility of object on preschool children’s counterfactual thinking. Participants were thirty-eight Japanese children aged 3- to 6-years (19 boys, 19 girls; M ...
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The Temporal Order Effect in Children s Counterfactual Thinking
... When adults think about how an outcome could have turned out differently, they tend to undo the events leading up to the outcome in regular ways. Consider a game in which two players could win a prize if they picked the ...
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The effects of counterfactual comparison on learning and reasoning
... by counterfactual thinking that compares the outcome of a choice to the best outcome that could have been obtained with that ...to counterfactual thinking element of responsibility, a crucial ...
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Psychologial Studies of Causal and Counterfactual Reasoning
... the counterfactual claim that if the collision with the drunk driver had not occurred, Jones would not have been ...that counterfactual thinking figures in the distinction people draw between those ...
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The subject of children’s counterfactual thoughts.
... in counterfactual thinking than those who heard about a positive ...this counterfactual event than children who heard events described where the choice was irrelevant to the negative outcome (she ate ...
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Effect of counterfactual and factual thinking on causal judgments.
... participants’ counterfactual judgments either tend to undo all of the sufficient causes simultaneously or they tend to undo a single necessary precondition for the set of sufficient ...that counterfactual ...
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The Ontogenesis of Counterfactual Emotions: Regret and Relief
... In four hands participants are asked to judge their feelings after winning, when they could have lost; and a judgment about their feelings after losing, when they could have won. In the other four hands participants are ...
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Decision theory and counterfactual evaluation
... A few authors on the logic of counterfactuals also reject Modus Ponens and thus Weak Centring for such conditionals (see for instance [Gundersen, 2004], [Leitgeb, 2012a] and [Leitgeb, 2012b]). As will become apparent in ...
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Counterfactual attitudes and multi-centered worlds
... If we ought to steer clear of haecceitist properties in our search for property F , then it seems like F will have to be a qualitative property, a property which, intuitively speaking, is not ‘about’ an individual. But ...
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Paraphrase Diversification Using Counterfactual Debiasing
... Table 1 shows the quantitative evaluation of the different models. The first and the second columns show the different models used for evaluation and their lexical similarity, re- specti[r] ...
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Counterfactual Analysis of Bank Mergers
... using the after-merger exogenous environment under the pre-merger market structure. The estimation of counterfactuals to assess the impacts of a merger may be considered an important policy tool. For instance, Ivaldi and ...
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Counterfactual Skepticism and Multidimensional Semantics
... Nevertheless, it is hard to deny that there is no principled way to decide whether Bizet and Verdi would both have been French or not had they been compatriots. I suggest that we make this observation compatible with the ...
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Probabilistic language in indicative and counterfactual conditionals
... In the final section, I pointed out a new theoretical problem for this account. When probability operators occur in counterfactuals, we need, paradoxically, both to ignore values of variables causally downstream of the ...
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Counterfactual Story Reasoning and Generation
... of counterfactual prompts will encourage models to learn to understand the underlying dynamics of a given situation, whereas discrimination between two alternatives is more likely to take advantage of dataset ...
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