escape responses
Swimming away or clamming up: the use of phasic and tonic adductor muscles during escape responses varies with shell morphology in scallops
... Interspecific differences in the use of tonic contractions raise the question as to their role and importance. The best known roles of tonic contractions are in prolonged valve closure and maintenance of specific valve ...
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Scaling of muscle performance during escape responses in the fish myoxocephalus scorpius L
... all escape responses in contrast to the repetitive near-sinusoidal strain waveforms determined previously for steady swimming in a range of fish species (for a review, see Wardle et ...
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The effects of familiarity on escape responses in the Trinidadian guppy (Poecilia reticulata)
... All tests occurred between 9:00 and 11:00 am and at least an hour after being fed. These measures were taken to avoid differences in satiation rate and time of day that might affect the behaviour of the individuals. The ...
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Muscle power output during escape responses in an Antarctic fish
... during escape responses was used to define the cyclical length changes used for the work loop ...different escape responses from each of seven ...
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Fast-starting after a breath: air-breathing motions are kinematically similar to escape responses in the catfish Hoplosternum littorale
... the escape response, including responses lacking a stage 2 (single-bend responses) (Domenici and Blake, 1991; Lefrancois et ...S-start responses in which contractions on both sides of the body ...
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Escape responses in juvenile Atlantic cod Gadus morhua L : the effects of turbidity and predator speed
... affected escape locomotor ...of responses that varied in turning rates, and escapes with high turning rates were more commonly elicited by a fast predator attack and/or in clear water ...that escape ...
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Plasticity of escape responses: prior predator experience enhances escape performance in a coral reef fish
... their escape responses in relation to the perceived ...fast-start responses are modified in stages 2 and 3 allowing for a variable response dependent upon the level of the threat ...
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Challenging zebrafish escape responses by increasing water viscosity
... Escape responses are vital to a fish’s ...C-start escape behavior, but changes in activation of different regions of myotomes have been documented for other locomotor behaviors in other species ...
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Kinematics of aquatic and terrestrial escape responses in mudskippers
... aquatic responses are rapid behaviors with durations within the range of Mauthner- initiated escape responses (although it is not known if mudskippers have Mauthner ...terrestrial responses ...
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Infrasound initiates directional fast start escape responses in juvenile roach Rutilus rutilus
... Most fish and aquatic amphibians have the ability to perform conspicuous and rapid escapes in order to evade predatory attacks and thereby increase their probability of survival. The C-start is the most frequent of these ...
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Mechanics of Escape Responses in Crayfish (Orconectes Virilis)
... The duration of swimming movements was recorded from the times when the uropods were stationary relative to the body a with the abdomen extended and b with the abdomen fully flexed power[r] ...
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Locomotory activity and feeding strategy of the hadal munnopsid isopod Rectisura cf herculea (Crustacea: Asellota) in the Japan Trench
... The escape was initiated when the decapods were 47, 36 and 44mm from the ...the escape responses were in a backwards position, paddling with pereopods V–VII whilst pereopods I–IV appeared tucked ...
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Short Communications: Postsynaptic Inhibition of Crayfish Tonic Flexor Motor Neurones by Escape Commands
... It was recently demonstrated that impulses in the medial and lateral giant axons, which trigger escape responses, also inhibit both spontaneous and evoked activity in the tonic, or slow,[r] ...
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The effects of high-risk conditions on coral reef fishes
... that escape responses have an inherent level of plasticity that could be driven by abiotic and biotic environmental factors, such as ...that escape responses are highly plastic, context ...
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Wind generated by an attacking bat: anemometric measurements and detection by the praying mantis cercal system
... an escape function whereas a turn toward the stimulus would suggest a flight correction ...some escape responses occur in this amount of time, ...many responses have latencies of 40·ms or ...
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Wishingrad et al. 2014 Ethology
... Lake sturgeon show a very distinctive increase in activity upon exposure to alarm cues (V. Wishingrad, unpubl. data). Alarm cues are produced and innately recognised by a wide variety of animals including both ...
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The phenotypic plasticity of whole animal and muscle performance during fast starts in Cottidae
... different. Escape responses involve C-staits which are triggered by Mauthner cells, a bilateral pair of brainstem nemons (Eaton et ah ...of escape is variable as the fish may undergo highly ...
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Behavioural responses to infrasonic particle acceleration in cuttlefish
... successful escape and avoidance will rely on the precise timing of whether and when the prey should respond to the hydrodynamic signal generated during either the early approach phase or the later hydrodynamic ...
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Multiple sensory modalities used by squid in successful predator evasion throughout ontogeny
... an escape jet in juveniles and adults (Preuss et ...an escape jet, the squid nervous system comprises a giant axon that generates a powerful all-or-none contraction of the circular muscle fibers of the ...
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By land or by sea: a modified C start motor pattern drives the terrestrial tail flip
... C-start escape responses in teleost fishes are driven by a well- studied network of reticulospinal neurons that produce a motor pattern of simultaneous contraction of axial muscle on the side of the body ...
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