Expanding Circle
Developing a Textbook Evaluation Scheme for the Expanding Circle
... Among the four important factors in the educational contexts, namely, teachers, learners, textbooks and contexts, textbooks play an important role in English Language Teaching (ELT), particularly in the English as a ...
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Documenting the presence of English in the expanding circle: Linguistic landscapes of Santiago, Chile
... the expanding circle, as English is not an official language in these countries, and “its usage is restricted to specific spheres and purposes” (Matear, 2008, ...
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Pronunciation Issues and Varieties of English from an EIL Perspective: A Survey of Outer and Expanding Circle Learners’ Beliefs
... from expanding circle and 60 Indian learners from outer circle (see Appendix A and B), this study surveyed the emerging picture of EIL pronunciation and evaluation of different varieties of English ...
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The EFL Methodology Course in Chile: SLTE in the Expanding Circle
... Along with the growth of English language learners and users worldwide (Graddol, 2003; Jenkins, 2009), there has been a parallel growth in EFL teachers, 80% of whom, by some estimates, are non-native speakers who prepare ...
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Attitudes towards English Language Norms in the Expanding Circle: Development and Validation of a new Model and Questionnaire
... According to Brutt-Griffler and Samimy (2001), one of the problematic notions is the socially constructed concept of native speaker which is based on the assumption that national origin is the main criterion for ...
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An investigation of pre-service EFL teachers’ attitudes towards speakers from three circles of English
... Cognizant of challenges to the monolithic perception of the native speaker’s language and culture, the mono-centred view on Standard English, norm-biased approaches to foreign language teaching (Alptekin, 2002; Sifakis ...
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Georgia and the Globalizing English- Some Peculiarities of Mapping Georgia within the Kachruvian Model of the World Englishes
... the Expanding Circle by Dalton-Buffer et ...the Expanding Circle and Murray's (2003) surveys of Swiss English teachers: the overwhelming majority of the Georgian respondents from the 4 groups ...
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The Inner Circle vs. the Outer Circle or British English vs. American English
... The Expanding Circle includes the countries in which English plays no historical or governmental role but is widely used as a medium of international ...the Expanding Circle, but the estimates ...
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A ‘universal design framework’ for installation planning and operational management of evaporation-suppressing films on agricultural reservoirs
... Equations were then deduced for the natural spreading ability of C18OH monolayer under zero wind conditions and expanding circle, Figure 4a, the dispersion angle of monolayer coverage a [r] ...
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An Investigation into Cultural Representation in Interchange Textbooks
... and expanding circle nationalities were represented in the textbooks, with the expanding circle constituting the major nationality, but American culture of inner circle was ...
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Teachers' Attitudes Toward ELF (English as Lingua Franca) in the UAE and Georgia
... Inner Circle, Outer Circle, and Expanding Circle contexts (Kachru, 1992) have been ELF, English as an International Language (EIL), World Englishes (WE), English as a Global Language (EGL), ...
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Analysis of English language textbooks in the light of English as an International Language (EIL): A comparative study
... For calculating the references to Inner, Outer and Expanding Circle countries, five general cultural themes as put forward by Pfister and Borzelli (1977) were taken into account. The five categories ...
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MOTIVATION AND COMMUNICATIVE ATTITUDES AMONG JAPANESE EFL PUPILS
... It assumes a favorable attitude toward the outer or expanding circle of communities, which Kachru suggested (as cited in Crystal, 2003, pp. Unlike integrative orientation, which[r] ...
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Dissecting the circle, at random*
... Initiated by the work of Aldous on the Brownian triangulation, this field now possesses many characters such as the random recursive triangulation, the stable laminations and the Markovi[r] ...
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Appolonius circle counting
... where r (·) just denotes the radius of a circle. Of course, one might ask what we have gained through writing the function η (s) in this way. In fact the group is closely related to an example of a Kleinian group ...
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Measurable circle squaring
... Laczkovich proved that if bounded subsets A and B of R k have the same non-zero Lebesgue measure and the upper box dimension of the boundary of each set is less than k, then there is a partition of A into finitely many ...
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Environmental Equity in North Carolina: An Empirical Study
... concentric circle method requires that the latitude and longitude of the site be determined ...concentric circle is drawn around the site at a given ...the circle should be large enough to capture ...
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Layered circle packings
... The discrete uniformization theorem of Beardon and Stephenson [1] states that every in- finite simply connected triangulation has a circle packing which fills either the Euclidean plane C or the hyperbolic plane D ...
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Universe: Not Expanding
... galaxies dilate at the same speed with the same acceleration, or the synchronized dilation takes place. As the orbits dilate, the orbit distances of all the galaxies remain the same, r(t). This is analogous to the ...
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GEOMETRY CLASSWORK INSCRIBE ANGLES
... small circle will intersect the larger circle in two ...large circle will not intersect the small circle at any ...the circle at exactly one point, no common tangent exists for these ...
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