Glu, glutamate
Muscle pain sensitivity after glutamate injection is not modified by systemic administration of monosodium glutamate
... [19]. Glu injection into the craniofacial region caused decreased sensitivity to pressure stimuli in the trapezius muscle after ingestion of ...21]. Glu evoked pain may have recruited diffuse noxious ...
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Association between serum haptoglobin and carotid arterial functions: usefulness of a targeted metabolomics approach
... and Glu/PC ae C32:2 were significantly cor- related with serum Hp levels, carotid IMT or IAD, and other lipid metabolic parameters after adjusting for con- founding ...and glutamate were identified to have ...
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Glutathione and glutamate in schizophrenia: a 7T MRS study
... Glutathione and glutamate were signi fi cantly correlated with each other in all three brain regions. These high cor- relations are consistent with the hypothesis of a mechanistic link between antioxidant and ...
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Glutamate, Glutamate Receptors, and Downstream Signaling Pathways
... N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA), a-amino-3-hydroxy- 5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid (AMPA), and kainate receptor subfamilies – so named for the chemical agonist that selectively binds to the subfam- ily members. The iGluR ...
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Design of Internalizing PSMA-specific Glu-ureido-based Radiotherapeuticals
... Improved therapeutic efficacy might be achieved with drugs specifically targeting prostate tumors. Due to its tumor specific expression the prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) represents an ideal biological target. ...
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AgtA, the Dicarboxylic Amino Acid Transporter of Aspergillus nidulans, Is Concertedly Down-Regulated by Exquisite Sensitivity to Nitrogen Metabolite Repression and Ammonium-Elicited Endocytosis
... agtA expression requires the GATA factor AreA and is ex- tremely sensitive to nitrogen metabolite repression. No tran- scription of agtA can be detected in the presence of ammo- nium, independently of whether aspartate ...
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Central control of electric signaling behavior in the mormyrid Brienomyrus brachyistius: segregation of behavior specific inputs and the role of modifiable recurrent inhibition
... Fig.·2. Localization of iontophoresis sites. (A) The precommand nucleus (PCN). (B) The dorsal posterior nucleus (DP). (C) The ventroposterior nucleus (VP). The first column shows photomicrographs of transverse sections ...
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EFFECTS OF AMMONIA LOADING ON PORCELLIO SCABER: GLUTAMINE AND GLUTAMATE SYNTHESIS, AMMONIA EXCRETION AND TOXICITY
... and Glu, since their concentrations similarly decline to near-control values after 9 ...in Glu levels as a function of net ammonia production, illustrated in ...and Glu levels can explain ...
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Free amino acids in the nervous system of the amphioxus Branchiostoma lanceolatum. A comparative study
... acids glutamate, aspartate, glycine, alanine and serine are the amino acids found at the greatest ...phyla, glutamate (L-Glu) and aspartate (L-Asp) are present at very high concentrations in the ...
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Molecular Imaging for Depressive Disorders
... The neurobiologic basis for depression has not yet been defini- tively characterized. Existing theories involve alterations of neu- rotransmitter systems and networks in limbic and cortical brain regions. Early ...
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L-glutamate released from activated microglia downregulates astrocytic L-glutamate transporter expression in neuroinflammation: the ‘collusion’ hypothesis for increased extracellular L-glutamate concentration in neuroinflammation
... L-Glu uptake was decreased during inflammation without cell death through the downregulation of GLAST expression To definitively investigate the interactions between acti- vated microglia and astrocytes, we used a ...
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Neurohormonal and glutamatergic neuronal control of the cardioarterial valves in the isopod crustacean Bathynomus doederleini
... The heart of Bathynomus doederleini gives rise to an anterior median artery (AMA), one pair of anterior lateral arteries (ALAs) and five pairs of lateral arteries (LAs). Cardioarterial valves are located at the junctions ...
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Mechanism of nitrogen metabolism-related parameters and enzyme activities in the pathophysiology of autism
... Unlike other tissues, the brain lacks two urea cycle enzymes, carbamoyl phosphate synthetase (CPS)-1 and ornithine transcarbamylase (OTC), and is therefore unable to remove nitrogen as urea. The main route for ammonia ...
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Epigenetic control of epilepsy target genes contributes to a cellular memory of epileptogenesis in cultured rat hippocampal neurons
... Beside histone deacetylation we identified a rapid but transient increase in inhibitory H3K9me3 over the first 3 h following the glutamatergic excitation. Although H3K9me3 is mostly recognized for its role in stabilizing ...
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L Glutamate and serotonin are endogenous in squid chromatophore nerves
... Colour changes in cephalopods are controlled by complex organs termed chromatophores whose radial muscles are directly innervated from the brain. In the squids Alloteuthis subulata and Loligo vulgaris, light microscopy ...
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Excess cerebral TNF causing glutamate excitotoxicity rationalizes treatment of neurodegenerative diseases and neurogenic pain by anti-TNF agents
... cerebral glu- tamate become excessive, whether through excess re- lease or poor clearance, or both, a harmful excitotoxicity ...for glutamate from astrocytes being a key player in physiological control of ...
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HEPATOPROTECTIVE AND ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY OF SESBANIA GRANDIFLORA AGAINST CCl4-INDUCED HEPATIC INJURY IN RATS
... serum glutamate pyruvate transaminase, serum glutamate oxalate transaminase, total bilirubin, alkaline phosphatase of plant extracts treated group with carbon tetrachloride treated ...
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Monosodium glutamate-induced oxidative kidney damage and possible mechanisms: a mini-review
... Obstructive nephropathy due to chronic dietary MSG has been reported in adult rats probably due to alkaline urine and decreased levels of stone inhibitors such as magnesium and citrate in the urine [4]. The mechanism ...
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Synthesis and preclinical evaluation of novel 18F-labeled Glu-urea-Glu-based PSMA inhibitors for prostate cancer imaging: a comparison with 18F-DCFPyl and 18F-PSMA-1007
... novel Glu-urea-Glu-(EuE)-based inhibitors, EuE-k- 18 F-FBOA (1) and EuE-k- β -a- 18 F-FPyl (2), both with optimized linker structure and different 18 F-labeled aromatic ...
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The role of glutamate transporters in glutamate homeostasis in the brain
... by glutamate application led to the conclusion that carrier cycling was rather slow, roughly once every 70 ...correct, glutamate transporters near synapses could only help to terminate synaptic transmission ...
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