RTA, ricin A chain
Expression of Pokeweed Antiviral Protein Isoform S1 (PAP-S1) and of Ricin-A-Chain/PAP-S1 Novel Fusion Protein (RTA/PAP-S1) in Escherichia coli and Their Comparative Inhibition of Protein Synthesis in Vitro
... the ricin B chain binds complex carbohydrates on the surface of eukaryotic cells containing either terminal N-acetylgalactosamine or beta-1,4-linked galactose residues, it is endocytosed via ...
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Folding competent and folding defective forms of Ricin A chain have different fates following retrotranslocation from the endoplasmic reticulum
... of RTA need ongoing traffic to the Golgi and they show a specific require- ment for Erp2p, a protein of the p24 family that has a poorly understood role in bidirectional transport (cycling) between the ER and ...
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The proteasome cap RPT5/Rpt5p subunit prevents aggregation of unfolded ricin A chain
... denatured RTA. Top panels: GdnHCl-denatured RTA (40 nM) was diluted in the absence ( − ) or presence ( + ) of 26S proteasomes (25 nM, equivalent to 40 nM 19S RP) and, after centrifugation, aggregated (P) ...
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Original Article RTA inhibits liver tumor growth in mice through microvesicles delivery
... effects, ricin toxin chain A (RTA) has shown promising therapeutic effects in the treatment of various cancers ...However, RTA itself can- not bind to specific cell types, and normal cell ...
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The isolation and characterisation of temperature dependent Ricin A chain molecules in Saccharomyces cerevisiae
... toxin ricin. After binding to target mammalian cells, ricin is endocytosed to the ER lumen where toxin reduction and subunit retro-translocation to the cytosol ...of RTA, may occur through exposure ...
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Ricin B chain targeted to the endoplasmic reticulum of tobacco protoplasts is degraded by a CDC48 and vacuole independent mechanism
... ER-sequestered RTA (rather like RTA reduced from ricin in the mammalian ER) was susceptible to proteasomal degradation following its retro-translocation and deglycosylation in the cytosol ...
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Comparison of the Catalytic Activities of Ricin A-Chain, Maize rproRIP1, MaizeRIP1, and Two Maize rproRIP1 Deletion Mutants Interacting with an RNA 10-mer GAGA Tetraloop.
... and ricin A-chain on mutants in the "-sarcin loop of ...and RTA differ, and that the difference might be involved in the fact that PAP but not ricin A-chain is active with respect ...
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The cytosolic fate of ricin A chain in target cells
... It has been shown that the ubiquitin linkages produced by CHIP in a minimal reconstitution in vitro are not exclusively those which lead to proteasomal recognition. Kim et al. (2007) observed that CHIP produces ...
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Ricin trafficking in cells
... B chain (RTB) disulfide-linked to a catalytic cytotoxic ribosome-inactivating protein (RTA, Figure ...of ricin is poorly ...of ricin to receptors in coated pits, since inhibiting coated pit ...
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Structure function relationships of ricin A chain
... Clal-Balll RTA fragment enclosed within short 'arms' from the pIC-20H ...the RTA fragment Inserted were identified as clear plaques when grown on selective IPTG/X-GAL agar ...251bp RTA fragment by ...
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Rescue of rhesus macaques from the lethality of aerosolized ricin toxin
... of ricin aerosol exposure survived toxin challenge, whereas control animals succumbed to ricin intoxication within 30 ...inhalational ricin exposure can be negated by a drug candidate, and it opens ...
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Suppressive Regulation of KSHV RTA with O-GlcNAcylation
... As depicted in Figure 6B, despite more K-RTA was synthesized in the shOGT-expressing cells, a feature can be attributed by a positive feedback of K-RTA auto-reg- ulation [35], the amount of PARP1 ...
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Antibody Mediated Inhibition of Ricin Toxin Retrograde Transport
... neutralizing ricin in vitro and in vivo ...of ricin, RS1 was mixed with 24B11, SylH3, or TFTB-1 Fab frag- ments and then applied to HeLa cells, as described ...of ricin within the ...of ricin ...
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Kaposi's Sarcoma-Associated Herpesvirus/Human Herpesvirus 8 RTA Reactivates Murine Gammaherpesvirus 68 from Latency
... To determine whether H/RTA was able to drive viral repli- cation of MHV-68 to completion, infectious virions in super- natants from S11E transfections were quantitated by plaque assay as previously described (37). ...
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Methods for nanoparticle labeling of ricin and effect on toxicity
... conjugated ricin was confirmed by measuring changes in the extinction spectra as the bulk concentration of anti-ricin was varied from ...of ricin to the nanoparticle surface using the NIR-PEG 3 ...
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Renal potassium wasting in renal tubular acidosis (RTA): Its occurrence in types 1 and 2 RTA despite sustained correction of systemic acidosis
... classic RTA, neither renal potassium wasting nor hyperaldosteronism could be explained as a consequence of a gradient restriction on renal H + - Na + exchange because the urinary pH remained greater than, or ...
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Marked Variation in Response of Consensus Binding Elements for the Rta Protein of Epstein-Barr Virus
... and Rta (R transactivator), the products of two immediate-early genes of EBV, BZLF1 and BRLF1, control the switch between latency and the lytic ...13). Rta was dis- covered by showing that a region of EBV ...
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Activation of the Cholinergic Antiinflammatory Pathway Reduces Ricin-Induced Mortality and Organ Failure in Mice
... to ricin, either by accident through ingestion of castor oil plant seeds or intentionally through its use as a bioweapon, invariably leads to multiple organ damage and ...to ricin, but no other antidote. ...
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Comparative Adjuvant Effects of Type II Heat-Labile Enterotoxins in Combination with Two Different Candidate Ricin Toxin Vaccine Antigens
... to ricin toxin is obviously beneficial, considering its toxicity following inhalation or inges- tion ...(28), ricin-specific IgA antibodies in fecal pellets from mice immunized with RiVax and the four ...
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Kaposi's Sarcoma-Associated Herpesvirus RTA Promotes Degradation of the Hey1 Repressor Protein through the Ubiquitin Proteasome Pathway
... and RTA is particularly intriguing due to their opposing func- tions: RTA is a transcriptional activator, and Hey1 is a tran- scriptional ...between RTA and Hey1 could be observed in mammalian cells, ...
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