toxin B.
Clostridium difficile toxin B is more potent than toxin A in damaging human colonic epithelium in vitro
... superficial epithelial cells, while crypt epithelium remained intact. Fluorescent microscopy of phalloidin-stained sections showed that both toxins caused disruption and condensation of cellular F-actin. Our results ...
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Characterization of a Toxin A Negative, Toxin B Positive Strain of Clostridium difficile Responsible for a Nosocomial Outbreak of Clostridium difficile Associated Diarrhea
... of toxin A-negative, toxin B-positive ...a toxin A-negative, toxin B-positive strain of ...the toxin A gene lacks ...the toxin A or toxin B ...the ...
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Truncation in the tcdC region of the Clostridium difficilePathLoc of clinical isolates does not predict increased biological activity of Toxin B or Toxin A
... and B whereas, Warny et ...of toxin production due to different growth ...active Toxin B in BHI broth culture compared to all other strains tested, yet it has no deletions in tcdE, tcdC or ...
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Anti-inflammatory effect of cholera toxin B subunit in experimental stroke
... Cholera toxin is composed of one A subunit and five B subunits. The cholera toxin B subunit (CTB) is devoid of toxicity and capable of immunomodulation. Researchers found that CTB could act as ...
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International Typing Study of Toxin A Negative, Toxin B Positive Clostridium difficile Variants
... The toxin gene variations of these strains were char- acterized by a ...the toxin A gene (tcdA) and an altered PstI restriction pattern of the tcdA amplified product compared with the standard toxigenic ...
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Rapid and Simple Method for Detecting the Toxin B Gene of Clostridium difficile in Stool Specimens by Loop Mediated Isothermal Amplification
... the toxin B gene (tcdB) of Clostridium difficile for identification of toxin B (TcdB)-positive ...all toxin A (TcdA)-positive, TcdB-positive (A ⴙ B ⴙ ) and TcdA-negative, ...
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Multiplex PCR Targeting tpi (Triose Phosphate Isomerase), tcdA (Toxin A), and tcdB (Toxin B) Genes for Toxigenic Culture of Clostridium difficile
... (toxin B) gene, and (iii) an internal fragment of the tcdA (toxin A) gene allowing distinction between toxin A-positive, toxin B-positive (A ⴙ B ⴙ ) strains and ...
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Identification of Toxin A Negative, Toxin B Positive Clostridium difficile by PCR
... the toxin A gene; primers NK3 and NK2 were derived from the nonrepeating portion of the ...difficile toxin A gene, and primers NK11 and NK9 were derived from the repeating portion of the ...difficile ...
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A protein-based pentavalent inhibitor of the cholera toxin B-subunit.
... a pentavalent neoglycoprotein inhibitor for cholera toxin. The N termini of a nonbinding CTB mutant W88E are oxidized to give aldehydes that undergo oxime ligation with a carbohydrate ligand that bears an aminooxy ...
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New Types of Toxin A Negative, Toxin B Positive Strains among Clostridium difficile Isolates from Asia
... Toxinotyping of C. difficile strains has already been applied to two large European strain collections from the Universite´ Catholique de Louvain in Brussels, Belgium (23), and the Anaerobe Reference Unit, PHLS, in ...
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Gas phase characterization of the noncovalent quaternary structure of Cholera toxin and the Cholera toxin B subunit pentamer
... CTx B pentamer, the additional interactions present in the CTx B helical region (residues 1–14) may provide the increase in structural stability observed in both the gas and aqueous ...different B 5 ...
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Monoclonal antibodies specific for Clostridium difficile toxin B and their use in immunoassays
... difficile culture filtrate and Mono Q-purified fractions were incubated with these latex beads to bind the cytotoxin and then centrifuged to remove the beads, a drastic decrease of the t[r] ...
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Sensitivity of single-molecule array assays to detect Clostridium difficile toxins in comparison to conventional laboratory testing algorithms.
... SIMOA toxin A and toxin B assays according to Quanterix methods, using raw materials similar to the ones described by Song et ...SIMOA toxin A and toxin B assays have LOD of ...
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Circulating antibody and memory B cell responses to C difficile toxins A and B in patients with C difficile associated diarrhoea, inflammatory bowel disease and cystic fibrosis
... anti-toxin B antibodies in their serum ...difficile toxin A-specific, antigen activated B ...or toxin A 488 . IgD-negative and IgD-positive B cells that bound toxin A 488 ...
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Molecular and Susceptibility Analysis of Toxigenic Clostridium difficile Obtained from Adult Patients Suspected of CDI in Trinidad
... of toxin A and B ...and Toxin B genes by PCR but only three of these were positive for the Toxin A ...The Toxin B gene sequences showed 100% simi- larity levels among ...
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Sensitivity of Single Molecule Array Assays for Detection of Clostridium difficile Toxins in Comparison to Conventional Laboratory Testing Algorithms
... SIMOA toxin A and toxin B assays according to Quanterix methods, using raw materials similar to the ones described by Song et ...SIMOA toxin A and toxin B assays have LOD of ...
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Typing and Subtyping of Clostridium difficile Isolates by Using Multiple Locus Variable Number Tandem Repeat Analysis
... 29 toxin A-negative, toxin B-positive isolates belonging to PCR ribotype 017 from eight different countries revealed eight country-specific ...
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Analysis of proteomes released from in vitro cultured eight Clostridium difficile PCR ribotypes revealed specific expression in PCR ribotypes 027 and 176 confirming their genetic relatedness and clinical importance at the proteomic level
... difficile toxin A; TcdB: Clostridium difficile toxin B; MS: mass spectrometry; SNP: Single Nucleotide Polymorphism; GDH: glutamate dehydrogenase; MTZ: metronidazole; OD: optical density; CFU: ...
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High prevalence of subclass specific binding and neutralizing antibodies against Clostridium difficile toxins in adult cystic fibrosis sera: possible mode of immunoprotection against symptomatic C difficile infection
... with toxin A or toxin B (at a dose inducing 50% cytopathic effect) for 1 h at 37°C before 50 μL of this mixture was transferred to the cells and incubated for an additional 96 ...
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PCR-MEDIATED CLONING A ND EXPRESSION OF THE GENE FOR THE B-SUBUNIT OF VIBRIO CHOLERAE TOXIN ISOLATED RECENTLY IN IRAN
... cholera toxin operon, we designed oligonucleotide primers for its-PCR amplification from local clinical isolates of ...cholera toxin B subunit (CTB) was reamplified and cloned between the BamH1 and EcoR1 ...
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