Transforming growth factor-β receptor
Constitutively active transforming growth factor β receptor 1 in the mouse ovary promotes tumorigenesis
... mice had higher levels of Gli1 and Gli2 mRNAs. The expression of Gli genes that encode transcription factor effectors of sonic hedgehog signaling is also upregulated in the granulosa cell tumors of Bmpr1a/Bmpr1b ...
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Transforming growth factor-β and abdominal aortic aneurysms
... R-Smads: receptor-regulated Smads; Smad: Sma and Mad Related Family protein; TAK1: TGFβ- activated kinase-1; TβRI, type 1 transforming growth factor-β receptor; TβRII, type 2 ...
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Current Understandings of Molecular Biology of Echinococcus multilocularis, a Pathogen for Alveolar Echinococcosis in Humans- a Narrative Review Article
... I receptor kinase after the phosphoryla- tion occurs under the actions of the ligand- TGF-β type II ...of receptor-regulated Smad proteins (R-Smad) and thus the trans- duction of signals from outside ...
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Transforming growth factor β and breast cancer: Transforming growth factor β/SMAD signaling defects and cancer
... TGF- β signaling and various MAP-kinase path- ways are currently the subject of intense investigation, fueled by observations that factors of the TGF- β family and receptor tyrosine kinase activating ...
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Lack of transforming growth factor β signaling promotes collective cancer cell invasion through tumor stromal crosstalk
... Transforming growth factor beta (TGF- b ) is a pleiotro- pic cytokine that regulates growth arrest, cell motility, development, and differentiation ...II transforming growth ...
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Transforming Growth Factor – β and Glioma
... Due to the increasing amount of evidence which suggest that the increase in TGF-β signaling is prominent in malignant tumors, the clinical application of TGF-β is being investigated further. The ...
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Evidence for modulation of pericryptal sheath myofibroblasts in rat descending colon by Transforming Growth Factor β and Angiotensin II.
... other growth factors are required be- fore myofibroblastic and epithelial growth can be stimu- ...TGF- β . Increased lev- els of TGF- β have been clearly demonstrated in the small intestine ...
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Transforming growth factor-β pathway activity in glioblastoma
... BMP, growth differentiation factor (GDF) and anti-Müllerian hormone/ Müllerian inhibiting substance ...TGF-β receptor family and are designated as receptor-regulated ...activin ...
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Original Article Effects of insulin-like growth factor 2 and its receptor expressions on corneal repair
... epidermal growth factor (EGF), fibroblast growth factor-β (FGF-β), heparin-like growth factor (HGF), keratinocyte growth factor (KGF), ...
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Transforming growth factor-beta receptor signalling is modulated by integrin-linked kinase
... al. 2003). Conversely, SMAD3-deficient mouse embryonic fibroblasts show diminished capacity for collagen gel contraction, indicating that wound contraction may be positively modulated by SMAD3 (Liu et al. 2003). SMAD3 ...
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Transforming growth factor beta and breast cancer: Tumor promoting effects of transforming growth factor β
... TGF- β -induced growth inhibitory responses and extracellular matrix responses may represent distinct processes in certain cell ...TGF-β1-mediated growth inhibition, but enhances the ability of TGF- ...
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Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor and Transforming Growth Factor-β Signaling Contributes to Variation for Wing Shape in Drosophila melanogaster
... patterning, growth, and vein determination, it is not surprising that it is difficult to predict the exact effect that the mutations will have on a complex multivariate phenotype such as ...
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In Vitro Effects of Curcumin on Transforming Growth Factor-β-mediated Non-Smad Signaling Pathway, Oxidative Stress, and Pro‐inflammatory Cytokines Production with Human Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells
... active TGF-β transmits its signals by binding to its specific receptors at the cell surface comprised of two types I and two types II transmembrane serine/threonine kinase receptors. 10 In the canonical pathway, ...
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Tumour stromal interactions: Transforming growth factor β isoforms and hepatocyte growth factor/scatter factor in mammary gland ductal morphogenesis
... TGF- β in vivo, it is also important to appreciate that there are several extracellular controls on TGF-β function that can spatially and temporally regulate TGF- β action to allow context dependent ...
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Genetic analysis of female infertility with the effect of human bmp15 and gdf9 genes: a review
... related β) super family: growth differentiation factor 9 (GDF9) and bone morphogenetic protein 15 (BMP15) originates from oocytes are played a very ollicle growth and these two genes ...
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Transforming growth factor β and breast cancer: Cell cycle arrest by transforming growth factor β and its disruption in cancer
... protein in many cancers, including breast, and may con- tribute to TGF-β resistance [37,80–82]. Less often, primary tumours may exhibit strong cytoplasmic p27 expression associated with poor prognosis. Cytoplasmic ...
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The Role of Cytokine Interleukin 2, Transcription Factor of FoxP3 in the Immunological Regulation of Allergic Rhinitis
... Immunologic role in AR is about Th1 and Th2 cells balances. Most individuals do not trigger a strong response of Th2 cells to environmental antigens. In atop- ic patients, a strong response to Th2 that produces cytokines ...
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TGF-β1 and TGF-β2 abundance in liver diseases of mice and men
... It is well accepted that upon liver damage HSCs do express and secrete TGF-β1, thus inducing paracrine activation of quiescent HSCs, hepatocyte cytostasis in early stages and tumor-promoting effects in later stages of ...
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Fat extract promotes angiogenesis in a murine model of limb ischemia: a novel cell-free therapeutic strategy
... fat emulsion, we first centrifuged the lipoaspirate before emulsification to remove the watery content. After the mechanical emulsification, the emulsified fat then under- went a freeze/thaw cycle to further lyse the ...
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Transforming growth factor β stimulates nerve growth factor production in osteoarthritic synovium
... TGF- β and NGF using immunohistochemistry, and analyzed the relationship between NGF and TGFB mRNA ...TGF- β (rhTGF- β ), rhTGF- β + ALK5 inhibitor SB505124, rhTGF- β + ...
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