Troposphere and Tropopause
Probing the subtropical lowermost stratosphere and the tropical upper troposphere and tropopause layer for inorganic bromine
... tropical tropopause layer (TTL), and ...tropical tropopause over the central Pacific (Hawaii) in 1996, (b) by Laube et ...tropical troposphere by Sala et ...tropical troposphere over Borneo in ...
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High resolution Beijing mesosphere–stratosphere–troposphere (MST) radar detection of tropopause structure and variability over Xianghe (39 75° N, 116 96° E), China
... per troposphere (Wirth, 2000), of course, may also be an im- portant influence factor for the significant asymmetric differ- ences (most of the scattered points deviate significantly from the 1 : 1 ...PVU ...
13
Time lag between the tropopause height and the levels of 7Be concentration in near surface air
... with tropopause height on the other hand, indicating that wet scavenging and downward transport from the upper/middle to lower troposphere within anticyclonic conditions are the main controlling mechanisms ...
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Characteristics of tropopause parameters as observed with GPS radio occultation
... The tropopause marks the transition between the well-mixed troposphere and the stably stratified ...The tropopause generally acts as a dynamic barrier for cross-tropopause ...the ...
12
A method to improve the determination of wave perturbations close to the tropopause by using a digital filter
... Among the satellite methods we will briefly describe one of them due to its importance in the present work. A Global Positioning System (GPS) radio occultation (RO) occurs whenever a transmitter on board a satellite from ...
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Gridsize induced error in the discretization of exchange processes at the tropopause
... We study the accuracy of the finite differences discretization scheme for a 2-D simplified model of global tracer transport, in the case that the diffusion coefficients relating flux to the gradient of the mixing ratio ...
16
Ozone Measurements and Transport
... is not strange to see the dependence of on the Prandtl number, which expresses the relative diffusion rates of momentum and temperature, because turbulence intensity depends on momentum transport and the backscattered ...
220
Strong downdrafts preceding rapid tropopause ascent and their potential to identify cross tropopause stratospheric intrusions
... Although photochemical production within the tropo- sphere is the main source of tropospheric ozone, the influ- ence of downward stratospheric intrusions on tropospheric ozone content cannot be ignored (Oltmans and Levy ...
15
The contribution of anthropogenic SO₂ emissions to the Asian tropopause aerosol layer
... The interaction of the aerosol created from the 2009 Sarychev eruption with the Asian monsoon also pro- vides further evidence that the large-scale circulation isolates the ATAL region from aerosol injections into the ...
9
Tropopause altitude determination from temperature profile measurements of reduced vertical resolution
... thermal tropopause with an uncertainty of 100 m globally (see the Observing Systems Capability Anal- ysis and Review Tool at ...rate tropopause will depend to some extent on the resolution of the temper- ...
17
Iodine chemistry in the troposphere and its effect on ozone
... within the tropics (20 ◦ N–20 ◦ S) and mid-latitudes (50–20 ◦ N and 20–50 ◦ S): MBL, expanding from the ocean surface up to ∼ 900 m a.s.l ( ∼ 900 hPa); the FT, from ∼ 900 m (900 hPa) to ∼8.5 km (350 hPa); and the UT from ...
25
Greenhouse gas analysis of air samples collected onboard the CARIBIC passenger aircraft
... the tropopause at ∼ 16 km and at ∼ 19 km (Boering et ...free troposphere was observed in the lower- most stratosphere (3–7 km above the 2 PVU surface) during the SPURT campaign (Gurk et ...the ...
16
A southeastern Mediterranean PV streamer and its role in December 2001 case with torrential rains in Israel
... dynamic tropopause patterns appears to be useful for prediction of small scale intense thunderstorms over the eastern Mediterranean and Israel; (2) Additional re- search efforts are required for a deeper ...
12
TPVTrack v1.0: a watershed segmentation and overlap correspondence method for tracking tropopause polar vortices
... Emanuel, 1991; Morgan and Nielsen-Gammon, 1998; Grams et al., 2011; Simmonds and Rudeva, 2012), geographic cli- mate (e.g., Shapiro et al., 1987; Nieto et al., 2008; Kew et al., 2010), stratosphere–troposphere ...
15
Interactions of Gravity Waves and Moist Convection in the Troposphere and Stratosphere
... the tropopause as the updraft overshot its equilibrium ...the tropopause and gravity waves are observed within the potential temperature perturbation fields in the lower ...
274
Ionospheric correction of GPS radio occultation data in the troposphere
... the tropopause, and, due to the dynamic PLL–OL transi- tion, the L2P can, on average, be more stably tracked down to the lower height in the troposphere than for COSMIC ...
12
Atmospheric transport and critical layer mixing in the troposphere and stratosphere
... In this chapter, we again investigate the dynamical link between stratospheric anomalies and baroclinic instability, but here restrict attention to anomalies that consist purely of a change to the stratospheric potential ...
151
Maintenance of polar stratospheric clouds in a moist stratosphere
... Community Climate Model (WACCM) and the moderate- complexity model described in KSA, modified to account for transport of tracers by the stratospheric mean circulation, and to include loss of water by sedimentation of ...
10
Extending water vapor trend observations over Boulder into the tropopause region: Trend uncertainties and resulting radiative forcing
... thermal tropopause (TP) relative coordinate system from –2 km below to 10 km above the TP, and (2) sonde profiles are selected according to TP ...upper troposphere and lower ...
17
Cirrus Clouds and Multiple Tropopause Events over Buenos Aires
... Cirrus clouds play an important but uncertain role in the Earth’s climate system 1. They cover about 30% of the Earth’s surface at any one time, and play an important role in the Earth’s climate system owing to their ...
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