[PDF] Top 20 Bench to bedside review: Clostridium difficile colitis

... C. difficile, which accurately predicts rifaximin resistance, was found to be common among ...C. difficile isolates belonging to the epidemic BI/NAP1/027 strain in at least one institution, possibly ... See full document

... Some years ago, we coined the term ‘cytopathic hypoxia’ to describe just such an acquired intrinsic derangement in cellu- lar respiration [6,7]. While the clinical significance of this phe- nomenon remains to be ... See full document

... A clear understanding of the cellular and biochemical mechanisms that underlie the protective effects of hyper- capnic acidosis is essential for several reasons. It constitutes a prerequisite if translation of the ... See full document

... AKI = acute kidney injury; CO2 = carbon dioxide; CRRT = continuous renal replacement therapy; EE = energy expenditure; EN = enteral nutrition; ESPEN = European Society for Enteral and Pa[r] ... See full document

... and Clostridium perfringens), improvement of cellular defense mechanisms, synergistic effects on antibiotic activity, modulation of the immune response, and augmentation of mechanisms of tissue repair form the ... See full document

... present review summarizes key aspects of chloride physiology, including its channels, as well as the clinical relevance of disorders of ...the review examines the potential intensive care unit practice ... See full document

... The potential for hypercapnia to directly contribute to the beneficial effects of protective lung ventilatory strategies is clear from experimental studies demonstrating protective effects [r] ... See full document

... Histogram illustrating the mean increment in plasma lactate concentration induced by intermittent machine hemofiltration with the exogenous administration of approximately 200 mmol/hour [r] ... See full document

... In a study with markedly increased ventilator activity caused by oleic acid induced lung injury but normal cardiac function [29], total ventilator muscle flow accounted for 11% of total [r] ... See full document

... By definition, patients with heat stroke have a core body temperature in excess of 40.5°C and their course is often complicated by acute respiratory distress syndrome, disseminated intra[r] ... See full document

... Metabolic acidosis and lactic acidosis are byproducts of anaerobic metabolism, and when they are measured in serum they can be useful markers of persistent tissue hypoxia or oxygen debt. Rapid bedside ... See full document

... Ventilatory management protocols for acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) are continually evolving and improving. Strategies have changed from optimizing convenient physiologic variables, such as oxygen and carbon ... See full document

... This review is intended to highlight the comprehensive scenario regarding myositis-related autoantibodies, from the molecular characterization and biological significance to target antigens, from the detection ... See full document

... depends on trans- or epi-illumination and thus observations are limited to superficial layers of thin tissues only. By using fluorescent dyes a higher contrast is possible as well as labelling specific cells for ... See full document

... pseudomembranous colitis is caused by Clostridium difficile, it can result from several ...collagenous colitis, inflammatory bowel disease, ischemia, and other infectious pathogens can ... See full document

... Pseudomembranous colitis and Clostridium difficile-associated diarrhoea, with comparable efficacy to ...this review article to introduce teicoplanin synthases, structure and its structure ... See full document

... “Clostridium difficile”, “probiotics and clostridium difficile”, “probiotics in CDI”, “ faecal transplant and Clostridium difficile diarrhoea”, “faecal micro ... See full document

... by Clostridium difficile ranges from uncomplicated diarrhoea to pseudomem- branous colitis and toxic megacolon, and is often termed ‘Clostridium difficile -associated diarrhoea ’ or ... See full document

... C. difficile strains grown in BHI broth were centrifuged and cells were treated with lysozyme (50 mg/ml) and resus- pended in TE (Tris, 10 mM; EDTA, 50 mM; pH ...C. difficile ribotype 027 was used as ... See full document

... C. difficile ribotypes were found in many countries across Europe and the geo- graphical distribution of some ribotypes suggested regional spread ...C. difficile across ... See full document