[PDF] Top 20 A comparative study of the effects of electoral institutions on campaigns

... the effects of electoral institutions on party systems and parliamentary ...their effects on campaign activities remain ...strong comparative element able to explore the nuanced role ... See full document

... the electoral effects of tax are, he or she might argue: people don't like tax, and vote ...contrary effects on electoral outcomes of the improvements in government services that tax increases ... See full document

... on electoral systems which have explicitly addressed the crucial question of under what type of regime electoral rules are to be ...in electoral systems as one inde- pendent variable determining ... See full document

... political institutions, especially the electoral system, the president was initially elected by the People’s Consultative Assembly (Majelis Permusyawaratan Rakyat (MPR)) before the 2004 ... See full document

... than review some evidence and hope to turn over some stones of discovery towards an answer. We can move in that direction by examining some related but more manageable questions such as whether there are significant ... See full document

... These surprising results were only possible through a 24% turnout, the lowest ever in Britain for this type of political contest. A pro-Euro Conservative spinoff party also ran in the election, with the declared aim of ... See full document

... complained that leaflets distributed by the defendant, the Liberal Democrat candidate, were defamatory since they suggested a past of criminal convictions. It was held that the candidate-defendant was not precluded from ... See full document

... negative effects; (iii) Only after 1975, workers' coordinations show consistently negative relations only after 1975; (iv) Since 1978, union coverage is positively related with unemployment rates, but before that ... See full document

... Church in Mexican democratization. Rather than studying the Catholic Church throughout Mexico, however, I study its political effects in a single state, the state of Oaxaca. Oaxaca is a convenient case in ... See full document

... a comparative study of twelve countries on peace agreements, nearly every single case had adopted PR, most of the time as part of a broader package of power sharing ...the electoral ... See full document

... than large but noisy effects. 7 Finally, women’s suffrage reforms enfranchised half of the population at the end of the 19th century and start of the 20th century. In 1920, passage of the 19th Amendment forced all ... See full document

... bad institutions? Considering a plethora of findings indicating that incumbents serve at the mercy of a number of factors partially or wholly out of their control, from the state of the market to the weather, and ... See full document

... In order to validate the findings, different robustness checks have been performed. All of these additional models can be found in the appendix. 12 First, the models have been re-estimated without France and New Zealand ... See full document

... and electoral campaigns in the Western Balkans. The comparative research methodology is adopted for the study as it covers countries in the Balkans ... See full document

... Clientelism – the non-programmatic, conditional distribution of resources in return for political support (Stokes et al. 2013) – is a multifaceted phenomenon that can be found in large parts of the developing and ... See full document

... 1.2 General Elections (2013) in Pakistan On 11 May, 2013 General Elections were held in Pakistan. The major contesting parties in Elections were PML (N) and Pakistan People’s Party but at this time a new factor Pakistan ... See full document

... (e.g., electoral legislation, party manifestos, electoral commission reports, media reports) are also appreciated, and may be made available on the CSES ... See full document

... (e.g., electoral legislation, party manifestos, electoral commission reports, media reports) are also appreciated, and may be made available on the CSES ... See full document

... case study, the focus is on a single instance of some social phenomenon, there are not multiple measurements (Babbie, ...case study is a study that studies multiple cases with each case being the ... See full document

... the electoral outcomes of the simultaneous elections to the Congress of Deputies, where citizens are asked to place votes for closed-party ...spillover effects, which seems reasonable given the ... See full document