I) Complete the following passage using the appropriate forms of the verbs In parentheses

UHU

In 1932, a German named August Fischer (1.invent) ...the world's first synthetic resin adhesive, UHU. Before then, they (2.make)

...glues mainly of natural materials and, unlike UHU, they (3.not, be) ...waterproof. Fischer (4.name) ...

his sticky substance UHU, after the German name for the eagle owl, the

magnificent bird which (S.inhabit) ...the Black Forest near his factory in Buhl, by Germany's border with France. He (6.design) ...

his glue to stick to any surface, although today UHU (7.come)...

in a staggering 184 types. By the Second World War the glue (8.gain)

...such popularity that the firm (9. cease) ...the production of other office accessories to devote more resources to UHU. UHU glue for public use was originally mixed and filled into tubes and jars by hand, which must have been a messy business, but the German plant is now fully automated.

It (lO.produce)...five million kilos of glue a year, which (11.be) ...the equivalent weight of 30 Concorde airplanes, or 1,000 elephants. UHU is the leader of the glue market not only in Britain but in eighteen other countries. One in five tubes or jars of glue bought in Britain (12.bear) ...the UHU brand. The shelf-life is between two and three years, providing the tube (13.not, burst)...Collectively, Britain (14. spend) ...£ 102 million a year on adhesives of all kinds.

II) Find words or phrases in the passage which mean the same as the following definitions.

COLUMN A COLUMN B

a) a sticky substance that usually comes

from plants ...

b) glue; substance for sticking things ...

c) able to stop water from passing through

it ...

d)live in (a place) ...

e)shocking; unbelievable ...

f)stop; come or bring to an end ...

g)give something so it is specially available

for a purpose ...

h) factory ...

i) being equal to ...

J) carry; have ...

k) length of time for which a product

remains usable ...

1) on condition that; only if ...

m) break open suddenly; explode ...

n) considered as a group or a whole ...

ELS

III) Choose the correct answer according to the passage.

1. It's obvious from the passage that Fischer...

A)invented the world's first glue

B)owned a factory which was partly in Germany and partly in France C)originally mixed the glue and filled the tubes himself

D)used to produce office equipment other than UHU E) used to keep an eagle owl, whose name was UHU

2. The passage tells us that UHU ...

A)was used extensively during the Second World War B)was originally made from natural materials " ' C)is able to withstand the weight of thirty Concorde aeroplanes D)is only available in nineteen countries

E) is able to resist water

3. Over the years

A)£102 million have been spent on UHU t

B)the number of different varieties of UHU has increased C)the shelf-life of UHU has risen to three years

D)UHU has been developed from natural materials into a synthetic adhesive . E) UHU has been used in offices, wars and aeroplane construction '

IV) Complete the sentences selecting words from Column B In PART ll.

1.That footballer's daily income is...to my monthly salary.

2.The child was very upset when his new balloon suddenly...

3.You can't wear that jacket in this rain. It isn't...

4.Until she died, she... her life to helping orphaned children.

5.You can watch that film on TV...you finish your homework first.

74 ELS

EXERCISE 30: I) Complete the following passage using the appropriate forms of the verbs In parentheses.

DIABETES

At the beginning of the 20th century, diabetes (1. be) ... a rare, virtually untreatable disease; its companion disorder, hypoglycemia, had not yet even been identified. Over the past one hundred years, these two metabolic problems (2.burst) ...upon the populations of modernized societies with all the force of an epidemic. In the thirty-seven years from 1936 to 1973, for example, diabetes (3.rise) ...from the twelfth leading cause of death to rank seventh, where it (4.still, stand) ...today. Together with cancer,

cardiovascular illness and other problems, diabetes (5.be) ...part of a widespread degenerative trend pervading modern life. Like diabetes, most such chronic illnesses (6.escalate) ... from relative obscurity to a frightening prominence within the 20th century. In the past several years, this alarming trend (7.prompt) ... a mood of sober, broad-ranging self-reflection throughout society at large, in the public media, and particularly within the medical and research communities. The dramatic increase of diabetes, in particular, (8.result) ... in the most extensive research campaigns in medical history.

Since the development of insulin injection therapy in the 1920s, they (9.make) ...great strides in describing what (10.actually, happen) ...in the course of the disease. Yet there is scarcely any better understanding now of why diabetes (11. develop) ... than there was a hundred years ago. And despite the widely heralded new era brought about by insulin therapy and other developments, the incidence and mortality rates from this

illness (12.continue) ...to climb. At the rate of one death every two minutes, diabetes (13.claim) ...over 340,000 lives annually -just over half the death rate of cancer.

H) Find words or phrases In the passage which mean the same as the following definitions.

COLUMN A COLUMNS

a)almost completely

b)unable to be helped with medical care c)something which goes, or is found, with something else

d)become much greater; increase in extent e)in comparison with something else f)condition of being unknown or not understood

g)condition of being well-known or important

h) bring about; cause to happen i) reaching a wide area

j) very great; sudden; as if in a theatrical production

k) celebrated; spoken about 1) rate of occurrence; range or extent of

something's effect

ELS 75

m) Choose the correct answer according to the passage.

1. It is stated In the passage that cancer

A)causes two deaths every minute

B)claims half as many lives yearly as diabetes

C)kills nearly twice as many people each year as diabetes D)results in fifty percent fewer deaths than diabetes E) is responsible for the death of 340,000 people annually

2. It Is clear from the passage that diabetes

A)is linked to cancer and cardiovascular illnesses

B)has become the leading cause of death in modernized societies C)develops just because of modern eating habits

D)was known at the start of the twentieth century, but hypoglycemia was not E) took thirty-seven years to be properly identified

3. According to the passage, insulin therapy

A)has not stopped the increase in the occurrence of and deaths from diabetes B)has brought about a greater understanding of why diabetes develops C)has only been available for the last two decades

D)has reduced the death rate from diabetes by half

E) came about because of an extensive medical research campaign

IV) Complete the sentences selecting words from Column B in PART ll.

1.After his wife died, his only...until his own death was his pet dog.

2.As your answers to this test are...the same, I can only assume that one of you copied the other.

3.The police are worried about the...rise in burglaries recently.

4.The recent rise in the crime rate has... the police to take stricter measures.

5. For you or me, that computer seems very expensive, but when you consider how high his salary is, for him, the...cost is very low.

EXERCISE 31: I) Complete the following passage using the appropriate forms of the