In this field, the ratio of the shear modulus to the modulus of elasticity (in the axial direction) of the fiberglass reinforced plastic pipe used should be entered. For example, if the material modulus of elasticity (axial) is 3.2E6 psi, and the shear modulus is 8.0E5 psi, the ratio of these two, 0.25, should be entered here.
For new models, the default value is obtained from the configuration file.
FRP Laminate Type
The default Laminate Type (as defined in the BS 7159 code) of the fiberglass reinforced plastic pipe used should be entered.
Valid laminate types are
Chopped strand mat (CSM) and woven roving (WR) construction with internal and external surface tissue reinforced layer.
Chopped strand mat (CSM) and multi-filament roving construction with internal and external surface tissue reinforced layer.
All chopped strand mat (CSM) construction with internal and external surface tissue reinforced layer.
This entry is used in order to calculate the flexibility and stress intensity factors of bends; therefore this default entry may be overridden using the Type field on the bend auxiliary spreadsheets.
Z-Axis Vertical
Traditionally CAESAR II has always used a coordinate system where the Y-axis coincides with the vertical axis. In one alternative coordinate system, the Z-axis represents the vertical axis (with the X axis chosen arbitrarily, and the Y-axis being defined according to the right hand rule. CAESAR II now gives the user the ability to model using either coordinate system, as well as to switch between both systems on the fly in most cases.
Defaulting to Z-Axis Vertical
The user’s preferred axis orientation may be set using the Tools-Configure/Setup option, on the Geometry Directives (see
"Z-Axis Vertical" on page 2-15) tab, as shown in the figure below. Clicking the Z-Axis Vertical check box causes CAESAR II to default any new piping, structural steel, WRC 107, NEMA SM 23, API 610, API 617, or API 661 models to use the Z-axis vertical orientation. Old models will appear in the orientation in which they were last saved. The default value in Configure/Setup is unchecked or Y-axis vertical.
Orienting a Piping Model to Z-Axis Vertical
A new piping model will determine its axis orientation based on the setting in the Configure/Setup module, while an existing piping model will use the same axis orientation under which it was last saved. The axis orientation may be toggled from Y-Axis to Z-Axis vertical by clicking the check box on the Environment-Special Execution Parameters screen, as show in the figure below.
Clicking this check box causes the model to immediately convert to match the new axis orientation (i.e., Y-values become Z-values) or vice versa, so there is no change in the model only in its representation, as shown in the following figures:
This allows any piping input file to be immediately translated from one coordinate system into the other.
When including other piping files in a model, the axis orientation of the included files need not match that of the piping model. Translation occurs immediately upon inclusion.
When including structural files in a piping model, the axis orientation of the include files need not match that of the piping model. Translation occurs immediately upon inclusion.
The axis orientation on the Static Load Case Builder (i.e., wind and wave loads), the Static Output Processor, The Dynamic Input Module, and the Dynamic Output Processor is dictated by the orientation of the model’s input file.
Orienting a Structural Model to Z-Axis Vertical.
A new structural model will determine its axis orientation based on the setting in the Configure/Setup module, while an existing structural model will use the same axis orientation under which it was last saved. The axis orientation may be toggled from Y-Axis to Z-Axis Vertical by changing the value of the Vertical Command, activated by clicking the button on the toolbar, or through the COMMANDS/MISCELLANEOUS/VERTICAL menu command as shown in the figure on the next page.
Note: Unlike the piping and equipment files elsewhere in CAESAR II, toggling this setting does not translate the structural input file, but rather physically rotates the model into the new coordinate system, as shown in the figures below.
When including structural files in a piping model, the axis orientation of the included files need not match that of the piping model. Translation occurs immediately upon inclusion.
When analyzing a structural model on its own, the axis orientation of the Static Load Case Builder (i.e., wind and wave loads), the Static Output Processor, the Dynamic Input Module, and the Dynamic Output Processor is dictated by the orientation of the structural model’s input file.
Orienting an Equipment Model to Z-Axis Vertical
The WRC 107, NEMA SM 23, API 610, API 617, and API 661 equipment analytical modules may also utilize the Z-axis vertical orientation. A new equipment model will also determine its axis orientation based on the setting in the
Configure/Setup module, while an existing equipment model will use the same axis orientation under which it was last saved. The axis orientation may be toggled from Y-Axis to Z-Axis Vertical by clicking the check box typically found on the second data input tab of each module.
Clicking this check box causes the model to immediately convert to match the new axis orientation (i.e., Y-values become Z-values) or vice versa, so there is no change in the model only in its representation, as shown in the following figures:
When using the Get Loads From Output File button to read in piping loads from CAESAR II output files, the axis orientation of the piping files need not match that of the equipment model. Translation occurs immediately during the read-in of the loads.