GCSE 239/01
ADDITIONAL SCIENCE
FOUNDATION TIER BIOLOGY 2
A.M. FRIDAY, 21 May 2010 45 minutes
VP*(S10-239-01)
ADDITIONAL MATERIALS
In addition to this paper you may require a calculator and a ruler.
INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES
Write your name, centre number and candidate number in the spaces at the top of this page.
Answer all questions.
Write your answers in the spaces provided in this booklet.
INFORMATION FOR CANDIDATES
The number of marks is given in brackets at the end of each question or part-question.
You are reminded of the necessity for good English and orderly presentation in your answers.
For Examiner’s use only
3 6
1 9
2 8
5 7
4 5
7 6
6 5
Total 50
8 4
Question Maximum Mark
Mark Awarded 0
0239 0101
(239-01)
Answer all questions.
1. Scientists counted the numbers of certain animals and plants in an area in 2000 and compared the results with 1950. All had decreased.
From this information:
(a) (i) Which organism had the greatest percentage decrease? [1]
. . . .
(ii) Name two organisms which have declined in numbers because of farming. [1]
. . . . . . . .
(iii) How could climate change have caused the fall in dormouse numbers? [2]
. . . .
. . . .
(b) Suggest what farmers could do to help more frogs survive. [1]
. . . .
(c) How could the scientists have made sure that their results for 2000 were reliable? [1]
. . . .
Wildlife % decrease since 1950 Reason
farmland birds 71 land used for food crops
insects (bees) 50
insects (butterflies) 31
climate change
other insects 44
frog 73 ponds drained by farmers
dormouse 82 loss of insect food
meadow buttercup 84 land used for grazing beef
cattle disease
Nature England 2008
Turn over.
(239-01)
(d) Using a ruler, draw a bar chart to show the decrease in insects since 1950.
Label the three bars. The widths of the three bars are shown on the graph for you. [2]
(e) The human population increased greatly between 1950 and 2000. Suggest why the effect of farming on wildlife increased during this time. [1]
. . . .
9
0239 0103
(239-01)
2. The diagram shows the system where food is broken down in the human body.
(a) From the diagram above, give the letters which show each of the following: [3]
(i) stomach, . . . .
(ii) small intestine, . . . .
(iii) pancreas. . . . .
A
B
C E
D
(239-01) Turn over. 8 (b) Complete the following sentences using some of the chemicals listed below. [3]
fatty acids, amino acids, glucose, salts.
Proteins are broken down into . . . .. Carbohydrates are broken down into . . . .. Fats are broken down into . . . . and glycerol.
(c) (i) Name the process by which foods are broken down. [1]
. . . .
(ii) State why this process is necessary. [1]
. . . .
. . . .
0239 0105
(239-01)
3. The diagam shows a plant cell.
(a) Some structures in the diagram are also found in animal cells. Complete the table. [3]
Structure also in animal cell Letter A cell membrane
cytoplasm
(b) (i) Photosynthesis occurs in structure F. Name this structure. [1]
. . . .
(ii) Complete the equation for photosynthesis using the words listed below.
oxygen carbon dioxide water
. . . . + . . . . glucose + . . . . [1]
(iii) State one way in which plants use the glucose from photosynthesis. [1]
. . . .
6 A
B
C
E F D
Turn over.
(239-01)
4. Read the following information.
Sea Life in Danger
The level of carbon dioxide in the air is increasing because humans are burning fossil fuels.
Scientists think the level will double in 50 years.
The extra carbon dioxide results in the seas getting warmer, causing disease in lobsters, sea grass and other sea life. It also makes seas more acid. Fish and corals die in water with excess acid.
Diseased sea grass Dying coral
I.U. Conservation of Nature 2008
(a) From this information:
(i) The level of carbon dioxide in the air is now 0.04%. What will it be in 50 years
time? [1]
. . . .
(ii) Give two examples of organisms which have been harmed by increased sea
temperatures. [1]
1. . . . .
2. . . . .
(iii) State why numbers of corals have decreased. [1]
. . . .
(iv) How could humans reduce this damage to sea life? [1]
. . . .
(b) Name one process, other than burning, which adds carbon dioxide to the air. [1]
. . . .
5
(239-01)
5. (a) Complete the following sentences using some of the words in the list: [4]
protein, increase, decrease, chemical, temperature.
Enzymes are made of . . . . . They . . . . the rate
of . . . . reactions in living cells. Each works best at a particular
. . . . and pH value.
(b) What happens to enzymes at 100°C ? [1]
. . . .
(c) The graph shows the activity of an enzyme at different pH values.
From the graph:
(i) At which pH value does this enzyme work best? [1]
. . . .
(ii) Give the activity of the enzyme at pH 5.5. [1]
. . . .
7 pH
Enzyme activity (a.u.)
(239-01) Turn over.
6. The cell below is carrying out aerobic respiration.
glucose oxygen
water carbon dioxide
(a) Draw arrows, to or from the boxes, to indicate the direction in which glucose, oxygen, water and carbon dioxide move, into or out of the cell. [4]
(b) Why is respiration important to all cells? [1]
. . . .
5
(239-01)
7. (a) The following food chain was found in a garden.
lettuce greenfly ladybird blue tit
(i) Name the producer in this food chain. [1]
. . . .
(ii) The following data was collected on this food chain.
Organism Number in the food chain
Mass of each organism / g
Total biomas of organisms / g
lettuce 6 15 90
greenfly 300 0.1
ladybird 28 0.5
blue tit 1 8
I. Complete the table by calculating the total biomass for each of the organisms in the food chain. One has been done for you. [1]
II. On the chart below use the total biomass of each of the organisms to construct, to scale, a pyramid of biomass for this food chain.
Label each level of the pyramid with the name of the organism. [3]
(b) Give one way in which energy is lost from the food chain. [1]
. . . . 6
(239-01)
8. Floating pennywort is an alien plant species in Britain. It grows in slow flowing waterways such as canals and lakes where it forms dense mats which grow at the rate of 20cm a day.
Floating pennywort out-competes native plants, reduces the oxygen content of water and has a damaging effect on flood control.
A waterway ‘choked’ with floating pennywort
(a) What is meant by an alien species? [1]
. . . .
(b) State one harmful effect that floating pennywort could have on native wildlife. [1]
. . . .
(c) In Florida the southern army worm is known to eat floating pennywort and in Argentina there is a weevil (an insect) that only eats floating pennywort.
What advice would you give the Environment Agency about the dangers of introducing these organisms into Britain as methods of biological control against
floating pennywort? [2]
. . . .
. . . .
. . . .
. . . .
4
Centre for aquatic plant management
