ADDITIONAL MATERIALS
In addition to this paper you may require a calculator and a ruler.
INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES Use black ink or black ball-point pen.
Write your name, centre number and candidate number in the spaces at the top of this page.
Answer all questions.
Write your answers in the spaces provided in this booklet.
INFORMATION FOR CANDIDATES
The number of marks is given in brackets at the end of each question or part-question.
You are reminded of the necessity for good English and orderly presentation in your answers.
The Periodic Table is printed on the back cover of the examination paper and the formulae for some common ions on the inside of the back cover.
GCSE 240/01
ADDITIONAL SCIENCE
FOUNDATION TIER CHEMISTRY 2
A.M. MONDAY, 17 January 2011 45 minutes
CJ*(W11-0240-01)
For Examiner’s use only Question Maximum
Mark 1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
Total
6 2 4 4 8 11
6 9 50
Mark Awarded Candidate
Name
Candidate Number Centre
Number
0
0240 010001
(240-01) 6 Answer all questions.
1. (i) The diagram below shows an atom of fluorine.
Use words from the box below to answer parts I and II.
electron neutron nucleus
orbit (shell) proton
I. Name the particle labelled A. . . . . [1]
II. Name the part labelled B. . . . . [1]
(ii) A beryllium atom can be represented by the following symbol:
Use the numbers in the box below to complete sentences I, II and III.
9
Be
4
2 3 4 5 9 13
Each number can be used once, more than once or not at all.
Complete the following sentences.
I. Beryllium has . . . . electrons. [1]
II. The mass number of beryllium is . . . .. [1]
III. Beryllium has . . . . neutrons. [1]
(iii) Atoms have equal numbers of positive protons and negative electrons.
Give the overall charge of an atom. [1]
. . . .
A
B
Turn over.
(240-01)
3 Examiner
only
2 2. The calculation below shows how the relative molecular mass, Mr, of ammonia, NH3, is
found.
Ar(H) = 1; Ar(N) = 14
Mr(NH3) = 14 + 1 + 1 + 1 = 17
Tick (√) the boxes next to the two substances which both have a relative molecular mass (Mr)
of 28. [2]
Ar(H) = 1; Ar(C) = 12; Ar(N) = 14
Ar(O) = 16; Ar(S) = 32.
carbon monoxide, CO
hydrogen peroxide, H2O2
hydrogen sulphide, H2S
nitrogen, N2
nitrogen oxide, NO
0240 010003
(240-01)
3. (i) A pupil carried out an experiment that involved adding excess zinc powder to blue copper sulphate solution. During the reaction, the blue solution became colourless and some brown copper was formed.
The reaction that took place can be shown by the following word equation.
zinc + copper sulphate zinc sulphate + copper
I. The above experiment was then repeated using copper powder and silver nitrate solution.
During the reaction, a blue solution and a grey solid were formed. Complete the
following word equation. [1]
copper + silver nitrate . . . . + . . . .
II. Use the results of the above two experiments to place copper, silver and zinc in
order of decreasing reactivity. [1]
most reactive . . . . . . . .
least reactive . . . .
zinc powder
start finish
brown copper colourless
solution
blue copper sulphate solution
Turn over.
(240-01)
5 Examiner
only
4 (ii) Aluminium is a more reactive metal than iron.
A mixture of aluminium powder and iron oxide was heated strongly using the equipment shown. A violent reaction took place with lots of heat being given out.
Give the word equation for the reaction that took place. [2]
. . . . + . . . . . . . . + . . . .
mixture of aluminium and iron oxide
heat
0240 010005
(240-01)
4 4. (i) Photochromic pigments, polymer gels, shape memory alloys and shape memory
polymers are all examples of smart materials.
Draw a line to connect each smart material to its correct use. [2]
One has already been done for you.
photochromic pigment
artificial muscles
polymer gel
stents for veins
shape memory alloy
self-repairing car bodies
shape memory polymer
lenses for sunglasses
Smart material Use
(ii) Nitinol (NiTi) is an example of a shape memory alloy.
I. State the special property of shape memory alloys. [1]
. . . .
II. State which of the following, A, B or C, best represents the structure of solid
nitinol. [1]
The structure of nitinol is best represented by. . . ..
A B C
7
(240-01) Turn over.
BLANK PAGE
0240 010007
(240-01)
5. 1 cm3of soap solution was shaken for 10 seconds with 10 cm3of water sample A. The height of the froth was measured.
The experiment was then repeated with water samples B, C, D and E.
(i) State two ways of making sure that the investigation was made a fair test. [2]
. . . .
. . . .
(ii) The results of the experiments are shown in the table below.
Water sample
A
B
C
D
E
Height of froth / mm
8
41
2
13
39 froth
water sample A
(240-01) Turn over.
9 Examiner
only
8 Complete the bar chart of the results on the grid below.
The result for water sample A has already been done for you. [2]
(iii) State which sample was the hardest water and explain your answer. [2]
Sample . . . .
Explanation . . . . . . . .
(iv) Tick (√) two boxes to show two possible methods for softening hard water. [2]
adding sodium chloride
adding calcium carbonate
freezing
adding sodium carbonate
boiling 0 A 10 20 30 40 50
B C D E
Height of froth / mm
0240 010009
Water sample
(240-01)
6. (a) The boxes below contain some information about nitrogen and ammonia.
Nitrogen, N2 colourless gas no smell
slightly soluble in water neutral
used in packaging crisps
Ammonia, NH3 colourless gas pungent smell very soluble in water alkaline
used in making fertilisers
Use the information in the boxes to answer parts (i) and (ii).
(i) Give the names of the two elements present in ammonia. [1]
. . . . and . . . .
(ii) State one similar property and one different property of nitrogen and ammonia.
[2]
Similar property
. . . .
Different property
. . . .
(iii)
giant covalent giant ionic simple molecular metallic
Choose the structure from the box above to complete the following sentence. [1]
Nitrogen and ammonia are examples of substances which have a
. . . . structure.
(b) (i) Ammonia reacts with sulphuric acid to give a substance that can be used as a fertiliser.
Give the word equation for the reaction that takes place. [2]
. . . . + . . . . . . . .
(ii) State the type of reaction that takes place between ammonia and sulphuric acid.
[1]
. . . .
(240-01) Turn over.
11 Examiner
only
11 (c) The table below shows the mass, in tonnes, of cereal produced from every hectare of
land using different masses of fertilisers.
0 200 400 600 800 1000
2.3 2.4 2.8 3.8 4.4 4.6 Mass of fertiliser
/ kg
Mass of cereal / tonnes
(i) Plot the points on the grid below and draw a smooth curve through all the points.
Two points have been plotted for you. [3]
(ii) Use the graph to find the mass of cereal you would expect to be produced using
700 kg of fertiliser. [1]
. . . . tonnes 200
00 1 2 3 4 5
400 600 800 1000
Mass of cereal / tonnes
Mass of fertiliser / kg
(240-01)
7. The following table contains some information about elements A, B, C, D, E and F. These letters are not chemical symbols.
Element F has an error in its information.
A
B
C
D
E
F Element
19 24 35 37 40 40 Mass number
9 12 17 17 18 20 Atomic number
9 12 17 17 18 20 Number of
protons
10 12 18 20
...
20 Number of
neutrons
9 12 17 17 18 21 Number of
electrons
Use the information in the table to answer parts (i) to (iv).
Each letter may be used once, more than once or not at all.
(i) I. Complete the table above by giving the number of neutrons in element E. [1]
II. Use the Periodic Table of Elements on the back cover of this examination paper to decide which of the elements, A, B, C, D, E or F, is argon. [1]
. . . .
(ii) One element appears twice in the above table. Give the two letters of that element and
explain your choice. [2]
Letters. . . .and. . . .
Explanation . . . . . . . .
(240-01) Turn over. 6
13 Examiner
only
(iii) State the error in the information about element F. [1]
. . . .
(iv) A sodium atom can be represented in the following way:
Write the information for element A in the same form. [1]
23
Na
11
A
. . . .
. . . .
(240-01)
8. (a) Complete the following table. [2]
Name
Formula
Structural formula
C2H6
ethane pentane
(b) Polystyrene is an example of a polymer. Name one other polymer. [1]
. . . .
(c) Different substances have different properties that allow them to be used in different ways.
The following table contains information about five different substances labelled A, B, C, D and E.
Substance
A
Properties gas at room temperature colourless
does not conduct heat does not conduct electricity
B
solid at room temperature grey colour
good conductor of electricity ductile
C
liquid at room temperature colourless
does not conduct heat poor conductor of electricity
D
solid at room temperature white colour
does not conduct electricity rigid
does not melt easily on heating
E
solid at room temperature white colour
does not conduct heat does not conduct electricity flexible
H C C H
C H
H H
C C H H H H
H H H
(240-01)
15 Examiner
only
Use only the information in the table to answer parts (i), (ii) and (iii).
Each letter can be used once, more than once, or not at all.
The diagram below shows the main parts of a kettle.
State, giving one reason, which of the five substances, A, B, C, D or E, could be used to make the
(i) heating element, [2]
Substance . . . .
Reason . . . .
(ii) outer coating of the cable, [2]
Substance . . . .
Reason . . . .
(iii) handle. [2]
Substance . . . .
Reason . . . .
9 water
heating element
cable handle
(240-01)
BLANK PAGE
(240-01)
BLANK PAGE
17
(240-01)
BLANK PAGE
FORMULAE FOR SOME COMMON IONS
POSITIVE IONS
Name Formula
NEGATIVE IONS
Name Formula
Aluminium Al3+
Ammonium NH+
Barium Ba2+
Calcium Ca2+
Copper(II) Cu2+
Hydrogen H+
Iron(II) Fe2+
Iron(III) Fe3+
Lithium Li+
Magnesium Mg2+
Nickel Ni2+
Potassium K+
Silver Ag+
Sodium Na+
Bromide Br–
Carbonate CO2–
Chloride Cl–
Fluoride F–
Hydroxide OH–
Iodide I–
Nitrate NO –
Oxide O2–
Sulphate SO2–
4
4 3 3
(240-01) Turn over.
19
Helium NeonFluorine Chlorine BromineSelenium
Boron Aluminium GalliumZincCopperNickelCobaltIronManganeseChromiumVanadiumTitaniumScandiumCalciumPotassiumM
agnesiumSodium
BerylliumLithium Arsenic
Phosphorus
NitrogenCarbon Silicon Germanium
Sulphur
Oxygen Argon Krypto
4 2 Ne
20 10
F
19 9
O16 8
C12 6
N14 7
B11 5
Ar40 18
S
32 16
P31 15
Si28 14
Al27 13
Kr84 36
Br80 35
Se79 34
As75 33
Ge73 32
Ga70 31
Zn65 30
Cu64 29
Ni59 28
Fe56 26
Co59 27
Mn
55 25
V51 23
Cr52 24
Ti48 22
Sc45 21
Ca40 20
K39 19
IodineTelluriumIndiumCadmiumSilverPalladiumRhodiumRutheniumMolybdenumNiobiumZirconiumYttriumStrontiumRubidiumAntimonyTinXenon Xe131 54I127 53Te128 52Sb122 51Sn119 50In115 49Cd112 48Ag108 47Pd106 46Ru101 44Rh103 45Tc
99 43
Nb93 41
Mo
96 42
Zr91 40
Y89 39
Sr88 38
Rb86 37
AstatinePoloniumThalliumMercuryGoldPlatinumIridiumOsmiumRheniumTungstenTantalumHafniumLanthanumBariumCaesiumBismuthLeadRadon
Rn222 86At210 85Po210 84Bi209 83Pb207 82Tl204 81Hg201 80Au197 79Pt195 78Os190 76Ir192 77Re186 75Ta181 73W184 74Hf179 72La139 57Ba137 56Cs133 55 ActiniumRadiumFrancium
Ac227 89Ra226 88Fr223 87
Mg
24 12
Na23 11
Be9 4
Li7 3
Hydrogen
H1 1
1 2 3 0 5 6 7 4 G ro up
PE RI O DI C TA BL E O F EL EM EN TS
He Cl35 17
ZXA Name
ElementSymbol Atomicnumber
Massnumber
Key:
Technetium
(240-01)
