Citation Examples for Theological Works

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Citation Examples for Theological Works

Prepared by Chuck Harris

Providence University College and Theological Seminary Library Otterburne, MB

Fall 2013

Many works in Christian theology are unique or challenging in the way they are cited, yet the various style manuals rarely provide the specific detail you need to cite clearly and accurately. The examples given below will help alleviate this difficulty by demonstrating how to construct the more common but challenging citations.

The Bibliography ... 2

Footnote and In-Text Citations ... 2

John Calvin, The Institutes of the Christian Religion ... 3

Summary ... 3

SBL ... 3

Turabian ... 3

MLA ... 4

Thomas Aquinas, Summa Theologiæ ... 4

Summary ... 4 SBL ... 5 Turabian ... 5 MLA ... 6 Church Fathers ... 6 Summary ... 6 SBL ... 7 Turabian ... 7 MLA ... 8 Ecumenical Decrees ... 8 Summary ... 8 SBL ... 10 Turabian ... 11 MLA ... 11

Karl Barth, Church Dogmatics ... 12

Summary ... 12 SBL ... 13 Turabian ... 13 MLA ... 14 Commentaries ... 14 SBL ... 14 Turabian ... 15 MLA ... 15

Dictionary and Encyclopedia Articles ... 15

SBL ... 15

Turabian ... 16

MLA ... 16

E-Books ... 16

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Providence Library │ Citation Examples

The Bibliography

Because theological works now appear in many different editions and translations descended from the original work, or as a part of multivolume series, you will find that there are many specific details you need to include about the source you are using in order to give proper credit. These are details such as the author, editor, translator, publisher, edition, date of publication, volume number, etc. Even though many of these details can often be omitted from the footnote or in-text citations, they must be included in the bibliography. Be as specific and detailed as your citation style allows. You will see specific examples below of bibliographic entries for the different works to help guide you regarding your bibliographic entries.

Footnote and In-Text Citations

Usually, in the footnote/in-text citations of theological works you need only cite the original author and title of the work to which you are referring as well as the locating information specific to your reference (e.g., the paragraph number or page number) . While normally SBL and Turabian footnote styles require the first reference to a work to include all the publication details, it is permissible to omit such detail in the initial references for some well-known works. However, if the edition/translation of the work has some relevance to the content of your

research, then you should include a full first citation as required by the appropriate style guidelines. Or, in a larger project like a thesis or dissertation, you may prefer a fuller first citation.

For SBL or Turabian, your first reference to a work should include the full name of the author and the full title, followed by the locating information. Subsequent references need only include the last name of the author and an abbreviated title as per accepted standards (see SBL Handbook of Style, § 8.3 or “Appendix H” for a thorough list of abbreviations for primary and ancient sources). MLA (as well as the parenthetical style of Turabian) allows for such abbreviations immediately. For a thesis or dissertation you should keep a record of all the abbreviations that you use and include this in a table of abbreviations in the front matter of your project.

One of the most notable differences between citing some of the classic works and citing the more typical books and articles is the use of book, chapter, and section numbers as locating

information rather than page numbers. This is because different editions of the same work will space out the content differently over a span of pages. Citing by section or paragraph numbers allows a reader of your research to follow your citation even if they are using a different edition with different page numbers.

There is some variation in the accepted styles for citing theological texts, but the examples below will help you understand the logic behind these citations.

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John Calvin,

The Institutes of the Christian Religion

Summary

The Institutes of the Christian Religion by John Calvin consists of four “Books” which are divided into chapters. These chapters are further divided into sections. Any particular translation or edition of the work can divide The Institutes differently into volumes or choose to abridge the content, but the book, chapter, and section numbers will remain the same across all editions.

Use the bibliography to cite the information pertaining to the edition, translation, number of volumes, and publisher. This is similar to the way you would cite any other book in your bibliography.

In the in-text/footnote citations you will need to indicate the author, title of the work

(abbreviated), book, chapter, and section. You will do this instead of citing the page number. Depending on the formatting style you are using, your citation should be similar to this:

Calvin, Instit. 2.4.7

*Remember that the book number is not the same as the volume number. The volume number can vary from one edition/translation to the next, but the book number will be consistent across all editions/translations.

SBL

Footnote (initial and subsequent references):

1_{John Calvin,}_{The Institutes of the Christian Religion}_2.4.7. 2_Calvin,_Instit._2.4.7.

Bibliography (book):

Calvin, John. Institutes of the Christian Religion. Edited by John T. McNeill. Translated by Ford Lewis Battles. 2 vols. Philadelphia: Westminster Press, 1960.

Bibliography (online source):

Calvin, John. Institutes of the Christian Religion. Translated by Henry Beveridge. London: Arnold Hatfield, for Bonham Norton, 1599. Cited 8 October 2013. Online:

http://www.ccel.org/c/calvin/institutes/institutes.html.

Turabian

1_{John Calvin,}_{The Institutes of the Christian Religion}_2.4.7. 2_Calvin,_Instit._2.4.7.

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Calvin, John. Institutes of the Christian Religion. Edited by John T. McNeill. Translated by Ford Lewis Battles. 2 vols. Philadelphia: Westminster Press, 1960.

Calvin, John. Institutes of the Christian Religion. Translated by Henry Beveridge. London: Arnold Hatfield, for Bonham Norton, 1599.

http://www.ccel.org/c/calvin/institutes/institutes.html (accessed October 8, 2013).

MLA

In-Text Citation:

(Calvin, Instit. 2.4.7)

Calvin, John. Institutes of the Christian Religion. Ed. John T. McNeill. Trans. Ford Lewis Battles. 2 vols. Philadelphia: Westminster Press, 1960. Print.

Calvin, John. Institutes of the Christian Religion. Trans. Henry Beveridge. London: Arnold Hatfield, for Bonham Norton, 1599. Internet resource. 8 Oct. 2013.

<http://www.ccel.org/c/calvin/institutes/institutes.html>.

Thomas Aquinas,

Summa Theologiæ

Summary

Summa Theologiæ by Thomas Aquinas is divided into three different parts which are divided into questions which are further divided into articles. Any particular translation or edition can divide Summa Theologiæ differently into volumes or choose to abridge the content. Use the bibliography to cite the information pertaining to the edition, translation, number of volumes, and publisher. This is similar to the way you would cite any other book in your bibliography. You may also prefer to cite a single volume rather than an entire multivolume set. Do this if only one volume was used in your research. If you used multiple volumes then you should cite the entire set in your bibliography.

In the in-text/footnote citations you will need to indicate the author, title of the work

(abbreviated), part number, question number, and article number. You will do this instead of citing the page number.

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Part Number Option 1 Option 2

Part I I Ia

First part of Part II I-II Ia-IIæ

Second part of Part II II-II IIa-IIæ

Part III III IIIa

There is no uniform style for citing Summa Theologiæ, but the following is a proper example of what is permissible:

Aquinas, Sum Ia, Q. 2, Art. 2

*With Summa Theologiæ you should also pay close attention to the way the title is written on the edition you are using. It may also be written as Summa Theologiae or Summa

Theologica. Your citations should match the edition you are using.

SBL

1_{Thomas Aquinas,}_{Summa Theologica}_{Ia, Q. 2, Art. 2.} 2_Aquinas,_Sum_{Ia, Q. 2, Art. 2.}

Aquinas, Thomas. Summa Theologica. Translated by Fathers of the English Dominican Province. 5 vols. Westminster, Md.: Christian Classics, 1948.

Aquinas, Thomas. Summa Theologica. Translated by Fathers of the English Dominican Province. Benziger Bros. ed. Westminster, Md.: Christian Classics, 1947. Cited 8 October 2013. Online: http://www.ccel.org/ccel/aquinas/summa.html.

Turabian

1_{Thomas Aquinas,}_{Summa Theologica}_{Ia, Q. 2, Art. 2.} 2_Aquinas,_Sum_{Ia, Q. 2, Art. 2.}

Aquinas, Thomas. Summa Theologica. Translated by Fathers of the English Dominican Province. 5 vols. Westminster, MD: Christian Classics, 1948.

Aquinas, Thomas. Summa Theologica. Translated by Fathers of the English Dominican Province. Benziger Bros. ed. Westminster, MD: Christian Classics, 1947. http://www.ccel.org/ccel/aquinas/summa.html (accessed October 8, 2013).

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MLA

(Aquinas, Sum Ia, Q. 2, Art. 2)

Aquinas, Thomas. Summa Theologica. Trans. Fathers of the English Dominican Province. 5 vols. Westminster: Christian Classics, 1948. Print.

Aquinas, Thomas. Summa Theologica. Trans. Fathers of the English Dominican Province. Benziger Bros. ed. Westminster: Christian Classics, 1947. Internet resource. 8 Oct. 2013. <http://www.ccel.org/ccel/aquinas/summa.html>.

Church Fathers

Summary

Most often when citing the Church Fathers you will be citing from either The Ante-Nicene Fathers (ANF) or The Nicene and Post-Nicene Fathers (first or second series; NPNF1 or 2). Use the bibliography to indicate which series you are using in addition to the original author and title of the work. Alternatively, SBL prefers that you cite only the series in your

bibliography (rather than the specific work of the church father), though, if it is relevant, you can choose to cite the specific work within the series.

The footnote/in-text citations should include the author (if possible), the title of the writing, and, as applicable, the book, chapter/letter number, and section number. You may also choose to include the series, volume number, and page number in parentheses. Citing the page number in this way may be helpful if the chapters are long and the paragraphs are not enumerated. You should also use Arabic numerals rather than Roman numerals even if Roman numerals are used in the edition you are citing. Your footnote/in-text citations should be similar to these:

Augustin, Conf. 5.11.21

Cyril, Catechetical Lectures 17.7

If you choose to include the series, volume number, and page number, your citations should appear similar to the following examples:

Book Chapter Paragraph

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Augustin, Conf. 5.11.21 (NPNF1_1:87).

Cyril, Catechetical Lectures 17.7 (NPNF2 7:125-26).

You may cite the Church Fathers using different sources than ANF or NPNF1 or 2, but your citations should still remain similar to the examples given above. Remember to make adjustments for the unique qualities of the work you are using and to include the appropriate source details in your bibliography.

*Names like Augustin can have alternative spellings (like Augustine). Your citations should match the spellings of names as they appear in the work you are citing.

SBL

1_Augustin,_{The Confessions of St. Augustin}_5.11.21. 2_Augustin,_Conf._5.11.21.

The Nicene and Post-Nicene Fathers, Series 1. Edited by Philip Schaff. 1886-1889. 14 vols. Repr. Grand Rapids, Mich.: William B. Eerdmans, 1956.

OR

Augustin. The Confessions of St. Augustin. Translated by J. G. Pilkington. In vol. 1 of The Nicene and Post-Nicene Fathers, Series 1. Edited by Philip Schaff. 1886-1889. 14 vols. Repr. Grand Rapids, Mich.: William B. Eerdmans, 1956.

The Nicene and Post-Nicene Fathers, Series 1. Edited by Philip Schaff. 1886-1889. 14 vols. Edinburgh: T&T Clark, 1886. Cited 8 October 2013. Online:

http://www.ccel.org/ccel/schaff/npnf101.html. OR

Augustin. The Confessions of St. Augustin. Translated by J. G. Pilkington. In vol. 1 of The Nicene and Post-Nicene Fathers, Series 1. Edited by Philip Schaff. 1886-1889. 14 vols. Edinburgh: T&T Clark, 1886. Cited 8 October 2013. Online:

http://www.ccel.org/ccel/schaff/npnf101.html.

Turabian

1_Augustin,_{The Confessions of St. Augustin}_5.11.21.

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2_Augustin,_Conf._5.11.21.

Augustin. The Confessions of St. Augustin. Translated by J. G. Pilkington. In vol. 1 of The Nicene and Post-Nicene Fathers, Series 1, edited by Philip Schaff. 14 vols. Grand Rapids, MI: Wm. B. Eerdmans, 1956.

Augustin. The Confessions of St. Augustin. Translated by J. G. Pilkington. In vol. 1 of The Nicene and Post-Nicene Fathers, Series 1, edited by Philip Schaff. 14 vols. Grand Rapids, MI: Wm. B. Eerdmans, 1886. http://www.ccel.org/ccel/schaff/npnf101.html (accessed October 8, 2013). MLA In-Text Citation: (Augustin, Conf. 5.11.21) OR (Augustin, 5.11.21) Bibliography (book):

Augustin. The Confessions of St. Augustin. Trans. J. G. Pilkington. Grand Rapids: Wm. B. Eerdmans, 1956. Print. Vol. 1 of The Nicene and Post-Nicene Fathers, Series 1. Philip Schaff, ed. 14 vols. 1886-1889.

Augustin. The Confessions of St. Augustin. Trans. J. G. Pilkington. Grand Rapids: Wm. B. Eerdmans, 1886. Internet Resource. 8 Oct. 2013.

<http://www.ccel.org/ccel/schaff/npnf101.html>. Vol. 1 of The Nicene and Post-Nicene Fathers, Series 1. Philip Schaff, ed. 14 vols. 1886-1889.

Ecumenical Decrees

Summary

The ecumenical decrees are collected from twenty-one councils, starting with Nicaea I in 325 and ending with Vatican II in 1965.

Use the bibliography to cite the information pertaining to the edition, translation, and publisher of the work you are using. This is similar to the way you would cite any other book in your bibliography. Depending on the breadth of your research and citations, you should cite the work in your bibliography in one of the following ways:

 If you are citing only one decree from an edited work, cite the decree specifically in your bibliography. Similarly, you may also choose to specifically cite a session.

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 If you are citing multiple decrees from one council, then you only need to cite the council in your bibliography.

 If you are citing from multiple councils of one edited work, then you need to cite the edited work in your bibliography rather than each council.

When you cite the title of a decree you can choose to include both the Latin and English titles or just one form of the title. Your choice should accurately represent the work you are citing (i.e., if the work only gives the English title, you should not include the Latin title in your citation) as well as the language you are citing from (i.e., if you quote an English translation, do not include only the Latin title in your citation). Latin decree titles should be italicized but English ones should not.

In the footnote/in-text citations you will need to indicate the council, session, date, decree title, chapter number (if applicable), and appropriate detail on the specific edition you are citing, including the page number(s). In you initial references you can also choose to include both the Latin and English decree titles or just one form of the title. Subsequent references should only use one of the titles. If you use only a Latin title, abbreviate “chapter” as “cap.”, otherwise abbreviate it as “ch.” (SBL, MLA) or “chap.” (Turabian, MLA).

There is some flexibility in the appearance of citations for decrees, but, in general, they should appear similar to this:

Council of Trent, Session 24, 11 November 1563, Canons of the reform of marriage, ch. 6, 2:758

If your bibliographic entry is a collected work (rather than specifically the decree, session, or council), then your citation will need to include enough information to link the citation to the bibliographic entry. For example, include the editor and abbreviated title of the work:

Council of Trent, Session 24, 11 November 1563, Canons of the reform of marriage, ch. 6: Tanner, Decrees, 2:758

If you are citing from an online source where the council is a standalone work, then you can do without any information pertaining to the edition (though this information is still

important in the bibliography). For example:

Council of Trent, Session 24, 11 November 1563, Canons of the reform of marriage, ch. 6

Council Session Date of Session Title of Decree

Chapter within Decree Volume and Page Number of Source

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In MLA you can shorten your in-text citation as much as necessary, making sure to include the most essential information as well as enough information to link the citation to the entry in the bibliography.

SBL

1_{Council of Trent, Session 24, 11 November 1563,}_{Canones super reformation circa} matrimonium, Canons on the reform of marriage, ch. 6, in vol. 2 of Decrees of the

Ecumenical Councils (ed. Norman Tanner; 2 vols.; Washington, D.C.: Sheed and Ward, 1990), 758.

2_{Council of Trent, Session 24, 11 November 1563, Canons of the reform of marriage,}

ch. 6: Tanner, Decrees, 2:758. OR

2_{Council of Trent, Session 24, 11 November 1563, Canons of the reform of marriage,}

ch. 6, 2:758.

Trent, Council of. Canones super reformation circa matrimonium, Canons on the reform of marriage. Session 24, 11 November 1563. Pages 755-59 in vol. 2 of Decrees of the Ecumenical Councils. Edited by Norman Tanner. 2 vols. Washington, D.C.: Sheed and Ward, 1990.

OR

Trent, Council of. “Council of Trent: 1545 – 1563.” Pages 656-799 in vol. 2 of Decrees of the Ecumenical Councils. Edited by Norman Tanner. 2 vols. Washington, D.C.: Sheed and Ward, 1990.

OR

Tanner, Norman, ed. Decrees of the Ecumenical Councils. 2 vols. Washington, D.C.: Sheed and Ward, 1990.

Trent, Council of. “The Twenty-Fourth Session.” 11 November 1563. Pages 193-232 in The Canons and Decrees of the Sacred and Oecumenical Council of Trent. Edited and Translated by J. Waterworth. London: Dolman, 1848. Cited 8 October 2013. Online: http://history.hanover.edu/texts/trent/ct24.html.

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Turabian

1_{Council of Trent, Session 24, November 11, 1563,}_{Canones super reformation circa} matrimonium, Canons on the reform of marriage, chap. 6, in Decrees of the Ecumenical Councils, ed. Norman Tanner, vol. 2 (Washington, DC: Sheed and Ward, 1990), 758.

2_{Council of Trent, Session 24, November 11, 1563, Canons of the reform of}

marriage, chap. 6: Tanner, Decrees, 2:758. OR

2_{Council of Trent, Session 24, November 11, 1563, Canons of the reform of}

marriage, chap. 6, 2:758.

Trent, Council of. Canones super reformation circa matrimonium, Canons on the reform of marriage. Session 24, November 11, 1563. In vol. 2 of Decrees of the Ecumenical Councils, edited by Norman Tanner, 755-59. 2 vols. Washington, DC: Sheed and Ward, 1990.

OR

Trent, Council of. “Council of Trent: 1545 – 1563.” In vol. 2 of Decrees of the Ecumenical Councils, edited by Norman Tanner, 656-799. 2 vols. Washington, DC: Sheed and Ward, 1990.

OR

Tanner, Norman, ed. Decrees of the Ecumenical Councils. 2 vols. Washington, DC: Sheed and Ward, 1990.

Trent, Council of. “The Twenty-Fourth Session.” 11 November 1563. In The Canons and Decrees of the Sacred and Oecumenical Council of Trent, edited and translated by J. Waterworth, 193-232. London: Dolman, 1848.

http://history.hanover.edu/texts/trent/ct24.html (accessed October 8, 2013).

MLA

(Council of Trent, Session 24, Canons of the reform of marriage, ch. 6: Tanner, 2:758) OR

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OR

(Council of Trent: Tanner, 2:758)

Trent, Council of. Canones super reformation circa matrimonium, Canons on the reform of marriage. Session 24, 11 Nov. 1563. Decrees of the Ecumenical Councils. Ed. Norman Tanner. 2 vols. Washington, DC: Sheed and Ward, 1990. 2:755-59. Print. OR

Trent, Council of. “Council of Trent: 1545 – 1563.” Decrees of the Ecumenical Councils. Ed. Norman Tanner. 2 vols. Washington: Sheed and Ward, 1990. 2:656-799. Print.

OR

Tanner, Norman, ed. Decrees of the Ecumenical Councils. 2 vols. Washington: Sheed and Ward, 1990. Print.

Trent, Council of. “The Twenty-Fourth Session.” 11 November 1563. The Canons and Decrees of the Sacred and Oecumenical Council of Trent. Ed. and trans. J. Waterworth. London: Dolman, 1848. 193-232. Internet resource. 8 Oct. 2013. <http://history.hanover.edu/texts/trent/ct24.html>.

Karl Barth,

Church Dogmatics

Summary

Church Dogmatics by Karl Barth consists of four “Volumes”, but each volume actually has multiple parts so that the original T&T Clark edition of Church Dogmatics consists of thirteen bound volumes plus a separately bound index.

Use the bibliography to cite the information pertaining to the edition, translation, and publisher. This is similar to the way you would cite any other book in your bibliography. You should also cite either the individual volume you are using (if you are using only one) or the entire set (if you are using multiple volumes).

In the in-text/footnote citations you will need to indicate the author, title of the work (abbreviated), volume, part, section, and sub-section. You can also choose to include the page number(s). The volume number should be indicated in Roman numerals while all other numbers should be in Arabic numerals. Depending on the formatting style you are using, your citation should be similar to this:

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Barth, CD IV/2, §65.1

If you include the page number it should look like this: Barth, CD IV/2, §65.1, 382

Volume IV, Part 3 has two “halves”. While the specific half you use need not be indicated because the pagination is continuous from the first half into the second half, you can choose to indicate the half you are using like this:

Barth, CD IV/3.2, §71.1

SBL

1_{Karl Barth,}_{Church Dogmatics}_{IV/2, §65.1, 382.} 2_Barth,_CD_{IV/2, §65.1, 382.}

Bibliography:

Barth, Karl. The Doctrine of Reconciliation. Vol. 4.2 of Church Dogmatics. Edited by G. W. Bromiley and T. F. Torrance. Translated by G. W. Bromiley. Edinburgh: T&T Clark, 1958.

OR

Barth, Karl. Church Dogmatics. 4 vols. Edinburgh: T&T Clark, 1936-1977.

*Because the editors and translators vary between the volumes, this information cannot be included in the bibliography when you cite the work as a whole.

Turabian

1_{Karl Barth,}_{Church Dogmatics}_{IV/2, §65.1, 382.} 2_Barth,_CD_{IV/2, §65.1, 382.}

Bibliography:

Barth, Karl. The Doctrine of Reconciliation. Vol. 4.2 of Church Dogmatics. Edited by G. W. Bromiley and T. F. Torrance. Translated by G. W. Bromiley. Edinburgh: T&T Clark, 1958.

OR

Volume Part Section Sub-section

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Barth, Karl. Church Dogmatics. 4 vols. Edinburgh: T&T Clark, 1936-1977.

MLA

(Barth, CD IV/2, §65.1, 382)

Bibliography:

Bath, Karl. The Doctrine of Reconciliation. Ed. G. W. Bromiley and T. F. Torrance. Trans. G. W. Bromiley. Edinburgh: T. & T. Clark, 1958. Print. Vol. 4.2 of Church

Dogmatics. 4 vols. 1936-1977. OR

Barth, Karl. Church Dogmatics. 4 vols. Edinburgh: T. & T. Clark, 1936-1977.

Commentaries

In general, commentaries should be cited like any other book, however citing commentaries can be difficult because of the common inclusion of a series title and volume number. This

information should be included in the bibliographic entry, and in SBL and Turabian, it should be included in the initial footnote reference. Abbreviation of the series title is permissible and even preferred in SBL footnotes (see SBL Handbook of Style §8.4.1 and §8.4.2 for accepted

abbreviations). It is not necessary to include the editor of a commentary series.

*The series title should not be confused with the title of the book. Also, one should note that there is a difference between a series and a multivolume work. Commentaries are typically parts of series, not multivolume works (though it is possible to have a multivolume set within a series).

SBL

1_{Jacob M. Myers,}_{I Chronicles: Introduction, Translation, and Notes}_{(AB 12; Garden}

City, N.Y.: Doubleday, 1965), 104.

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Bibliography

Myers, Jacob M. I Chronicles: Introduction, Translation, and Notes. Anchor Bible 12; Garden City, N.Y.: Doubleday, 1965.

Turabian

1_{Jacob M. Myers,}_{I Chronicles: Introduction, Translation, and Notes}_{, Anchor Bible}

12 (Garden City, NY: Doubleday and Company, 1965), 104.

2_Myers,_{I Chronicles}_{, 104.}

Bibliography

Myers, Jacob M. I Chronicles: Introduction, Translation, and Notes. Anchor Bible 12. Garden City, NY: Doubleday and Company, 1965.

MLA

(Myers 104)

Bibliography

Myers, Jacob M. I Chronicles: Introduction, Translation, and Notes. Garden City: Doubleday and Company, 1965. Print. Anchor Bible 12.

Dictionary and Encyclopedia Articles

Dictionary and encyclopedia articles are typically longer, defining or descriptive entries within edited works. Each entry usually has its own author. As such, the article should be cited directly rather than the work as a whole.

The author(s) of the article is typically listed at the end of the article. Sometimes only the initials are given. In this case the full name can be determined by looking at a list of contributors

(usually in the front matter of the volume, or in the first volume of a multivolume set). In SBL the title of the dictionary/encyclopedia may be abbreviated in the initial footnote.

SBL

1_{Nikolaus Thon, “Modern Church History,”}_{The Encyclopedia of Christianity}_3:589. 2_{Thon, “Modern Church History,” 3:589.}

Bibliography

Thon, Nikolaus. “Modern Church History.” Pages 588-605 in vol. 3 of The Encyclopedia of Christianity. Edited by Erwin Fahlbusch et al. 5 vols. Grand Rapids, Mich.:

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Turabian

1_{Nikolaus Thon, “Modern Church History,” in}_{The Encyclopedia of Christianity}_{, ed.}

Erwin Fahlbusch et al. (Grand Rapids, MI: William B. Eerdmans Publishing Company, 2003), 3:589.

2_{Thon, “Modern Church History,” 3:589.}

Bibliography

Thon, Nikolaus. “Modern Church History.” In vol. 3 of The Encyclopedia of Christianity, edited by Erwin Fahlbusch et al., 588-605. 5 vols. Grand Rapids, MI: William B. Eerdmans Publishing Company, 2003.

MLA

(Thon 3:589)

Bibliography

Thon, Nikolaus. “Modern Church History.” The Encyclopedia of Christianity. Ed. Erwin Fahlbusch et al. Vol. 3. Grand Rapids: William B. Eerdmans Publishing Company, 2003. Print.

E-Books

The citations for e-books will be similar to the format required of regular books. When citing an e-book be sure to cite the format of the e-book in your bibliography (e.g., CD-ROM, Amazon Kindle, Sony Reader, Kobo, iBooks, etc.). Your entry should look similar to this:

Luther, Martin. Commentary on Galatians. Oxford: Acheron Press, 2012. Amazon Kindle e-book.

In footnote/in-text citations you do not need to include any indication of the work being an e-book. Here you can cite the work as you would any other e-book. However, be wary of location numbers provided by an e-reader device. These location numbers may not be consistent with other formats of the book. For example, the Amazon Kindle uses location numbers, but these numbers can vary depending on simple changes such as font and display. In general, location numbers should not be used in citations as a replacement for page numbers. If the page numbers are available, cite them. If not, cite the chapter and paragraph number (you most likely will have to manually count them). For example (in Turabian):

1_{Martin Luther,}_{Commentary on Galations}_{(Oxford: Acheron Press, 2012), chap.}

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Works Consulted

Alexander, Patrick H., John F. Kutsko, James D. Ernest, Shirley A. Decker-Lucke, and David L. Petersen, eds. The SBL Handbook of Style: For Ancient Near Eastern, Biblical, and Early Christian Studies. Peabody, MA: Hendrickson, 1999.

Beaumont, Doug. “Citing the Summa Theologiæ of St. Thomas Aquinas.” Soul Device (weblog). Entry posted on September 21, 2010. http://souldevice.wordpress.com/2010/09/21/citing-thomas-aquinas%E2%80%99s-summa-theologiae/ (accessed October 15, 2013).

Center for Theological Writing (Westminster Theological Seminary). Citation & Formatting Guide. Fall 2013 ed. Glenside, PA: Westminster Theological Seminary, 2013.

http://files.wts.edu/uploads/images/files/CTW/CTW%20Resource_Citation%20and%20F ormatting%20Guide_Fall%202013.pdf (accessed October 8, 2013).

Chicago Manual of Style, The. 16th ed. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2010. Lipson, Charles. Cite Right: A Quick Guide to Citation Styles—MLA, APA, Chicago, the

Sciences, Professions, and More. 2nd ed. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2011. Modern Language Association of America. MLA Handbook of Research Papers. 7th ed. New

York: The Modern Language Association of America, 2009.

Nogalski, Melanie Greer, James D. Nogalski, Sophia G. Steibel, and Danny M. West. “Student Supplement for The SBL Handbook of Style.” Edited by Joel M. LeMon. Revised by

Bonnie Proctor. Berrien Springs, MI: Andrews University, 2007.

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