Timepix in open space

(1)

IEAP–CTU Prague

Carlos Granja, Štepan Polansky, Daniel Tureček, Stanislav Pospíšil,

Zdeněk Vykydal, Václav Kraus, Jan Jakůbek

Institute of Experimental and Applied Physics, Czech Technical University in Prague, Czech Republic

Karim Mellab, Alan Owens, Petteri Nieminen

European Space Agency (ESA), ESTEC, Netherlands

M. Šimčák, Z. Dvořák, Z. Kozaček

$

_{, P. Vána}

$

_{, J. Máreš}

$

Czech Space Research Center, Brno, Czech Republic

*PhD student

$

_{former staff}

Timepix in open space

Detection and track visualization of space radiation at

LEO orbit onboard ESA Proba-V satellite

Research performed in frame of the CERN Medipix Collaboration

Project funded by the European Space Agency

Medipix Collaboration Meeting – CERN, 19-20.2.2014

Science/physics research



Space radiation physics + space weather



Space crew dosimetry + shielding



Radiation effects (SEE, SEU) on spacecraft,

payloads and EECs

Space technology



Spacecraft platform device

(2)

Ins ti tute of Expe ri m enta l a nd Appli ed Phys ic s Cze ch T ec hn ic al U ni ve rs ity in Pr ague

X LASNPA Uruguay, 1-6 Dec. 2013, Universidad de la República, Montevideo Carlos Granja, IEAP–CTU Prague 2

Other projects, teams/co-authors

Michal Platkevic, Iván Caicedo

&

_{, Benedikt Bergmann*}

#%

Institute of Experimental and Applied Physics, Czech Technical University in Prague, Czech Republic

Petteri Nieminen

European Space Agency (ESA), ESTEC, Netherlands

Lawrence Pinsky, et al.

U

niversity of Houston/NASA, USA

Toshinori Kuwahara

Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan

Jaroslav Urbar*

Charles Univ. Prague/Czech Space Office, Czech Republic

#

_{MC simulations}

* PhD student

%

_{U of Erlangen, Germany}

&

_{U de los Andes, Bogota, Colombia}

www.cern.ch/medipix



5x TPX devices onboard ISS since 2012, Houston/NASA (launched/in orbit 3Q 2012)



Timepix tracker/particle telescope for micro-satellite RISESAT, Japan (2015)

(3)

CSO / FEL ČVUT, Praha, 4th_{March 2014} Carlos Granja, ÚTEF ČVUT v Praze 3

Timepix in open space

Characterization and particle visualization of mixed radiation fields in space

Quantum counting/pos-sen/directional detector + integrated RO electronics + data

processing SW + nuclear physics/radiation spectrometry/imaging/tracking



p,

α

, ions, e

–

_{, muons, neutrons, X-rays: dE + particle species resolving power}



Detection, radiation monitoring, quantum imaging dosimetry + wide DR



Tracking , visualization, directional information (particle telescope)



Spectrometry (dE), coincidence spectroscopy, reaction/fragmentation, …



Single-quantum sensitivity, noiseless detection, high signal-to-noise ratio



Wide dynamic range (particle flux, particle energies, particle species)



Linear-energy transfer (LET) measurement, low level threshold ≈ 4 keV



High spatial resolution (sub-pixel resolution ≈ µm)



Directional angular resolution: ≈ 1

º (single sensor),

≈ 0.1

º (stack

telescope)



Wide field-of-view: 2

π,

even 4

π

(no collimators, full sky mapping)



Single device, integrated electronics, no cryogenics, no shielding



Light weight: e.g. (only) launch cost ≈ 100 EUR per g



Miniaturized size, low power

ta

sks

ca

p

a

b

ili

ty

,

d

y

n

a

m

ic

ran

g

e

sensitivity

instrumentation

technical

!

(4)

Space Radiation Environment

(5)

Solar Particle Events

Coronal mass ejections – CMEs

L. Pinsky, U. of Houston

CMEs are directional..!

(6)

L. Pinsky, U. of Houston

South Atlantic Anomaly

Inner Belt

-

mainly protons; energies up to ~500 MeV

-

400 MeV peak ~1.3 R

_E

-

4 MeV ~2.0 R

_E

Outer Belt

-

mainly electrons; energies > several MeV

-

Large variations (2-4 orders of magnitude)

over periods of hours to days

Rapid transits through belts limit doses to crews

(7)

X LASNPA Uruguay, 1-6 Dec. 2013, Universidad de la República, Montevideo Carlos Granja, IEAP–CTU Prague 7



Rapid onset times (minutes),

with durations up to hours or

days



Essentially unpredictable,

however generally coincide with

solar maximum periods



Proton energies up to ~100s of

MeV, sometimes GeV range



Integral fluence up to ~10

9 _–

10

10 _p/cm

2 _{(>1 MeV)}



Contribution from heavy ions and

e-



In the main phase of an event,

local particle fluxes isotropic

Integral fluence of protons [events/cm

2

_]

Space Radiation Environment

(8)

(9)

(10)

Timepix-based

space payloads/instruments

International Space Station

ESA Proba V satellite

RISESAT satellite

Type

Size (mass)

Minisatellite

100 – 200 Kg

Microsatellite

10 – 100 Kg

Nanosatellite

1 – 10 Kg

Picosatellite

< 1 Kg

50 Kg 150 Kg

In orbit since 3Q 2012

Launched 7

th

_{May 2013}

open space

Launch 2014/5

820 km

400 km

platform device

Scientific payload

5 x Timepix devices

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, e

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.,

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.

Vykyd

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, S.

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il,

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, U

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M. P

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tkevic

, V

. Kr

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.

Turec

ek

, IEAP

(11)

CSO / FEL ČVUT, Praha, 4th_{March 2014}

1

Carlos Granja, ÚTEF ČVUT v Praze 11

1 Timepix detector in the highly miniaturized LITE architecture (a) customized for the ISS (b) as deployed with an on-board laptop via

USB port (c) in a NASA Module at the ISS (d). Work done in cooperation with NASA and the University of Houston.

(12)

Daniel Turecek, 6

th

_{July 2011}

₁₃

th

_{IWORID Zürich IEAP, CTU in Prague}

1,4 cm

HW

+

_methodology

Physics

+

SW

Online miniaturized Timepix Quantum Dosimeter

for the International Space Station (ISS)

5 detector units launched in

space on August 2012, all

running since, taking data

(13)

Timepix onboard the ISS

Detection, meaurement of charged particle flux, visualization

(14)

Timepix onboard the ISS

Radiation over the South

Atlantic Anomaly (SAA)

(15)

REM Dose Rate Data (

m

G/min) measured by Timepix onboard the ISS

Timepix onboard the ISS

Quantum dosimetry + wide dynamic range

µ

Gy

/m

in

5.5 mGy/day 

5.5 Gy/y

3 mGy/day

 1.1 Gy/y

0.3 mGy/day



0.1 Gy/y

6 uGy/min



47 uSv/min

Airline altirude 11 km (Madrid-Bogota): 0,025 µGy/min = 0.036 mGy/d = 0.013 Gy/y

Ground level (Prague): 0,001 µGy/min = 0.0015 mGy/d = 0.0005 Gy/y

Spatial-correlated radiation dose

(16)

Timepix onboard the ISS

Spatial-correlated flux of charged particles

North Atlantic/Northern Hemisphere South America/ South Atlantic Anomaly/Southern Hemisphere All events All events HCP/LCP _LCP/HCP South America/ South Atlantic Anomaly/Southern Hemisphere Energetic events

Earth map spatial

distributions measured by

Timepix onboard ISS

displaying the flux of all

radiation components

integrated

Radiation flux measured by Timepix onboard ISS at 400 km altitude, 12 month data

(17)



HW: front-end + readout electronics



Low power, heating dissipation, high vacuum



Light weight, shielding, payload accommodation



DAQ & memory/downlink capacity



Space-qualified components/parts/FPGA’s etc



SW: firmware + control + readout



Remote/on-board control, autonomous operation



On-board memory buffer (limited capacity)



Data downlink (limited capacity)



Telecommanding + file compression + data

parsing



Qualification/space flight testing



Thermal, heating dissipation, high vacuum



Vibrational + G-force acceleration



EM interference



Integration into satellite system

Timepix in open space

Spacecraft payload HW/SW Redesign + space qualification testing



Breadboard

model



Engineering

model (EM)



Flight model

(FM)



Reengineering



Downgrade

Spacecraft payload

Spacecraft payload + constraints/limitations/requirements

(18)

Timepix SATRAM Payload

ESA Proba-V satellite

SATRAM payload:

Space Application of Timepix Radiation Monitor

Characterization of

space radiation at

the Low Earth Orbit

(LEO) on ESA

PROBA-V satellite

Altitude ~ 820 km

Timepix for the first

time in

open space

–

currently TRL 9

(19)

SATRAM

payload (arrow)

onboard ESA

Proba-V

satellite

attached to ESA

Vega-2 launcher

rocket prior

launch

(20)



SATRAM payload

(arrow) onboard ESA

Proba-V satellite.



ESA Vega-2 launcher

rocket upper stage

ESA

Vega-2 rocket

(21)

Timepix/ESA Proba-V:

LEO space radiation @ 820 km

(22)

Timepix/ESA Proba-V:

LEO space radiation @ 820 km

(23)

Timepix/ESA Proba-V:

LEO space radiation @ 820 km

(24)

7th_{Feb 2014}

8-9h_{Jan 2014 – SPE}

SATRAM – Proba-V

(25)

Timepix/ESA Proba-V + LEO space radiation @ 820 km

(26)

Radiation field Earth map spatial

distributions measured by Timepix

based SATRAM payload onboard ESA

Proba-V satellite LEO orbit 820 km

altitude displaying all radiation

components integrated over 5.5 months

South America, Antarctica, South Atlantic Anomaly SAA

The Americas

(27)

Radiation field Earth map spatial

distributions measured by Timepix

onboard ESA Proba-V satellite LEO

orbit 820 km altitude displaying all

radiation components integrated over

5.5 months

South America, Antarctica, South Atlantic Anomaly SAA

Australia/Oceania

Asia/west Pacific

(28)

Visualization of direction of energetic particles with

single layer Timepix in hadron therapy (

12

_{C) field}

Enhanced visualization of direction of energetic particles

with stacked Timepix  particle telescope

RISESAT + Timepix particle tracker payload

Particle visualization + telescope

EM

1 0 0 m m

breadboard

(29)

Small satellite(s)

Timepix-based compact payloads: Science instrument, platform device

Characterization and particle visualization of space radiation



p,

α

, ions, e

–

_{, muons, neutrons, X-rays: dE + particle species resolving power}



Detection, radiation monitoring, quantum imaging dosimetry + wide DR



Tracking , visualization, directional information (particle telescope)



Spectrometry (dE), coincidence spectroscopy, reaction/fragmentation, …



Single-quantum sensitivity, noiseless detection, high signal-to-noise ratio



Wide dynamic range (particle flux, particle energies, particle species)



Linear-energy transfer (LET) measurement, low level threshold ≈ 4 keV



High spatial resolution (sub-pixel resolution ≈ µm)



Directional angular resolution: ≈ 1

º (single sensor),

≈ 0.1

º (stack

telescope)



Wide field-of-view: 2

π,

even 4

π

(no collimators, full sky mapping)



Single device, integrated electronics, no cryogenics, no shielding



Configurability, sensor array modularity/assembly, particle telescope,



Light weight: e.g. (only) launch cost ≈ 100 EUR per g



Miniaturized size, low power

ta

sks

ca

p

a

b

ili

ty

,

d

y

n

a

m

ic

ran

g

e

sensitivity

instrumentation

technical

!

Timepix in open space

IEAP–CTU Prague

Carlos Granja, Štepan Polansky*, Daniel Tureček*, Stanislav Pospíšil,

Zdeněk Vykydal*, Václav Kraus*, Jan Jakůbek

Institute of Experimental and Applied Physics, Czech Technical University in Prague, Czech Republic

Karim Mellab, Alan Owens, Petteri Nieminen

European Space Agency (ESA), ESTEC, Netherlands

M. Šimčák, Z. Dvořák, Z. Kozaček

, P. Vána

, J. Máreš

Czech Space Research Center, Brno, Czech Republic

*PhD student

former staff

Timepix in open space

Detection and track visualization of space radiation at

LEO orbit onboard ESA Proba-V satellite

Research performed in frame of the CERN Medipix Collaboration

Project funded by the European Space Agency

Medipix Collaboration Meeting – CERN, 19-20.2.2014

Science/physics research



Space radiation physics + space weather



Space crew dosimetry + shielding



Radiation effects (SEE, SEU) on spacecraft,

payloads and EECs

Space technology



Spacecraft platform device

Other projects, teams/co-authors

Michal Platkevic*, Iván Caicedo*

, Benedikt Bergmann*

Institute of Experimental and Applied Physics, Czech Technical University in Prague, Czech Republic

Petteri Nieminen

European Space Agency (ESA), ESTEC, Netherlands

Lawrence Pinsky, et al.

U

niversity of Houston/NASA, USA

Toshinori Kuwahara

Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan

Jaroslav Urbar*

Charles Univ. Prague/Czech Space Office, Czech Republic

MC simulations

* PhD student

U of Erlangen, Germany

U de los Andes, Bogota, Colombia

www.cern.ch/medipix



5x TPX devices onboard ISS since 2012, Houston/NASA (launched/in orbit 3Q 2012)



Timepix tracker/particle telescope for micro-satellite RISESAT, Japan (2015)

Timepix in open space

Characterization and particle visualization of mixed radiation fields in space

Quantum counting/pos-sen/directional detector + integrated RO electronics + data

processing SW + nuclear physics/radiation spectrometry/imaging/tracking



p,

α

, ions, e

, muons, neutrons, X-rays: dE + particle species resolving power



Detection, radiation monitoring, quantum imaging dosimetry + wide DR



Tracking , visualization, directional information (particle telescope)



Spectrometry (dE), coincidence spectroscopy, reaction/fragmentation, …



Single-quantum sensitivity, noiseless detection, high signal-to-noise ratio



Wide dynamic range (particle flux, particle energies, particle species)



Linear-energy transfer (LET) measurement, low level threshold ≈ 4 keV



High spatial resolution (sub-pixel resolution ≈ µm)



Directional angular resolution: ≈ 1

º (single sensor),

≈ 0.1

º (stack

Carlos Granja, Štepan Polansky, Daniel Tureček, Stanislav Pospíšil,

Zdeněk Vykydal, Václav Kraus, Jan Jakůbek

_{, P. Vána}

_{, J. Máreš}

_{former staff}

Michal Platkevic, Iván Caicedo

_{, Benedikt Bergmann*}

_{MC simulations}

_{U of Erlangen, Germany}

_{U de los Andes, Bogota, Colombia}

_{, muons, neutrons, X-rays: dE + particle species resolving power}