Proceedings
1998 IEEE Computer Society
Conference on Computer Vision
and Pattern Recognition
June 2 3 - 2 5 , 1998
Santa Barbara, California
Sponsored by
IEEE Computer Society Technical Committee on
Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
IEEE > » ' •
COMPUTER
SOCIETY
Los Alamitos, California
Table of Contents
C o m p u t e r V i s i o n a n d P a t t e r n R e c o g n i t i o n (CVPR '98)
F o r e w o r d xiv C o m m i t t e e s xvi S e s s i o n TIA: T r a c k i n g
Incremental Tracking of H u m a n Actions from Multiple Views 2
M. Yamamoto, A. Sato, S. Kawada, T. Kondo, and Y. Osaki
Tracking People w i t h Twists and Exponential Maps 8
C. Bregler and J. Malik
Joint Probabilistic Techniques for Tracking Multi-Part Objects 16
C. Rasmussen and G.D. Hager
Using Adaptive Tracking to Classify and Monitor Activities in a Site 22
W.E.L. Grimson, C. Stauffer, R. Romano, and L. Lee
S e s s i o n T I B : F a c e D e t e c t i o n a n d R e c o g n i t i o n
Mixtures of Local Linear Subspaces for Face Recognition 32
B.J. Frey, A. Colmenarez, and T.S. Huang
Rotation I n v a r i a n t Neural Network-Based Face Detection 38
H.A. Rowley, S. Baluja, and T. Kanade
Probabilistic Modeling of Local Appearance and Spatial Relationships
for Object Recognition 45
H. Schneiderman and T. Kanade
Illumination Cones for Recognition u n d e r Variable Lighting: Faces 52
A.S. Georghiades, D.J. Kriegman, and P.N. Belhumeur
S e s s i o n P I A : P a t t e r n A n a l y s i s , 2 D a n d L o w - L e v e l V i s i o n
A Theory of Selection for G a m u t Mapping Color Constancy 60
G. Finlayson and S. Hordley
Generation of t h e Euclidean Skeleton from t h e Vector Distance Map
by a Bisector Decision Rule 66
H. Li and A.M. Vossepoel
Stochastic Computation of Medial Axis in Markov Random Fields 72
S.C. Zhu
Variable-Scale Smoothing and Edge Detection Guided by Stereoscopy 80
C.F. Olson
Exploitation of N a t u r a l Image Statistics by Biological Vision Systems:
1/f Power Spectra and Self-Similar B a n d p a s s Decompositions 86
F. Röhrbein and C. Zetzsche
Minimax Entropy and Learning by Diffusion 92
J. Shah
Image Segmentation Using Local Variation 98
P.F. Felzenszwalb and D.P. Huttenlocher
W h a t is t h e Spectral Dimensionality of Illumination Functions
in Outdoor Scenes? 105
D. Slater and G. Healey
A New Complex Basis for Implicit Polynomial Curves and its Simple
Exploitation for Pose Estimation and I n v a r i a n t Recognition I l l
J.-P. Tarel and D.B. Cooper
Salient and Multiple Illusory Surfaces 118
D. Geiger, H. Pao, and N. Rubin
Segmentation by Grouping Junctions 125
H. Ishikawa and D. Geiger
A Coupled PDE Model of Nonlinear Diffusion for Image Smoothing
and Segmentation 132
B.C. Vemuri, L. Wang, and Y. Chen
Fuzzy Relational Distance for Large-Scale Object Recognition 138
B. Huet and E.R. Hancock
Bagging in Computer Vision 144
B.A. Draper and K. Baek
A Probabilistic Formulation for Hausdorff Matching 150
C.F. Olson
Moment I n v a r i a n t s and Quantization Effects 157
G.I. Salama and A.L. Abbott
Empirical Performance Analysis of Linear Discriminant Classifiers 164
W. Zhao, R. Chellappa, and N. Nandhakumar
S e s s i o n P 1 B : M o t i o n , R e a l - T i m e a n d A c t i v e V i s i o n
A New Linear Method for Euclidean Motion/Structure from Three
Calibrated Affine Views 172
L. Quan and Y. Ohta
Making Good F e a t u r e s Track Better 178
T. Tommasini, A. Fusiello, E. Trucco, and V. Roberto
2D Fluid Motion Analysis from a Single Image 184
M. Maurizot, P. Bouthemy, and B. Delyon
An Objective Comparison Methodology of Edge Detection Algorithms
Using a S t r u c t u r e from Motion Task 190
M.C. Shin, D. Goldgof, and K.W. Bowyer
Action Recognition Using Probabilistic Parsing 196
A.F. Bobick and Y.A. Ivanov
Computing the C a m e r a Heading from Multiple F r a m e s 203
J. Oliensis
Direct Estimation of Motion and Extended Scene S t r u c t u r e from a
Moving Stereo Rig 211
G.P. Stein and A. Shashua
Dense Shape and Motion from Region Correspondences by Factorization 219
J. Ma and N. Ahuja
Scene Segmentation from 3D Motion 225
X. Feng and P. Perona
Elliptical Head Tracking Using Intensity Gradients a n d Color Histograms 232
S. Birchfield
A Specialized Multibaseline Stereo Technique for Obstacle Detection 238
T. Williamson and C. Thorpe
Stereo a n d Color Analysis for Dynamic Obstacle Avoidance 245
T.F. Rabie and D. Terzopoulos
3D Object Depth Recovery from Highlights Using Active Sensor a n d
Illumination Control 253 X. Yi and O.I. Camps
Real-Time Tracking for Enhanced Tennis Broadcasts 260
G.S. Pingali, Y. Jean, and I. Carlbom
Background Modeling for Segmentation of Video-Rate Stereo Sequences 266
C. Eveland, K. Konolige,and R.C. Bolles
S e s s i o n T2A: M o t i o n
Motion F e a t u r e Detection Using Steerable Flow Fields 274
D.J. Fleet, M.J. Black, and A.D. Jepson
Optimal S t r u c t u r e from Motion: Local Ambiguities and Global E s t i m a t e s 282 S. Soatto and R. Brockett
Singularity Analysis for Articulated Object Tracking 289
D.D. Morris and J.M. Rehg
S e s s i o n T2B: M e d i c a l I m a g e A n a l y s i s
Extraction a n d Tracking of the Tongue Surface from Ultrasound
Image Sequences 298
Y.S. Akgul, C. Kambhamettu, and M. Stone
Anomaly Detection through Registration 304
M. Chen, T. Kanade, H.A. Rowley, and D. Pomerleau
Orientation Space Filtering for Multiple Orientation Line Segmentation 311
J. Chen, Y. Sato, and S. Tamura
I n v i t e d T a l k
Digital Convergence and Opportunities for Computer Vision Research
J. Kajiya
S e s s i o n T3A: D e f o r m a b l e M o d e l s a n d S h a p e
Incorporating Illumination Constraints in Deformable Models 322
D. Samaras and D. Metaxas
Image Segmentation Based on the Integration of Pixel Affinity and
Deformable Models 330
T.N. Jones and D.N. Metaxas
Boundary Finding with Correspondence Using Statistical Shape Models 338 y. Wang and L.H. Staib
Inferring Segmented Surface Description from Stereo D a t a 346
M.S. Lee and G. Medioni
S e s s i o n T3B: I m a g e s a n d V i d e o
Mosaics of Scenes w i t h Moving Objects 354
J. Davis
A Spatiotemporal Motion Model for Video Summarization 361
N. Vasconcelos and A. Lippman
Video Scene Segmentation via Continuous Video Coherence 367
J.R. Render and B.-L. Yeo
Image Editing in t h e Contour Domain 374
J.H. Elder and R.M. Goldberg
S e s s i o n P2A: S h a p e A n a l y s i s
Segmenting 3-D Surfaces Using Multicolored Illumination 384
G. Healey and L. Wang
Rotated Wedge Averaging Method for Junction Classification 390
W. Yu, K. Daniilidis, and G. Sommer
Fitting Undeformed Superquadrics to Range Data: Improving Model
Recovery and Classification 396
E.R. van Dop and P.P.L. Regtien
Direct Shape from Texture Using a Parametric Surface Model and an
Adaptive Filtering Technique 402
K.M. Lee and C.-C.J. Kuo
Edge/Region-Based Segmentation and Reconstruction of U n d e r w a t e r
Acoustic Images by Markov Random Fields 408
V. Murino and A. Trucco
Clustering Appearances of 3D Objects 414
R. Basri, D. Roth, and D. Jacobs
Camera Calibration and Euclidean Reconstruction from Known
Observer Translations 421
T. Pajdla and V. Hlaväc
Interactive Construction of 3D Models from Panoramic Mosaics 427
H.-Y. Shum, M. Han, and R. Szeliski
A Layered Approach to Stereo Reconstruction 434 S. Baker, R. Szeliski, and P. Anandan
A Statistical F r a m e w o r k for Long-Range Feature Matching in
Uncalibrated Image Mosaicing 442
T.-J. Cham and R. Cipolla
From P a r a m e t r i c W a r p i n g to t h e Cooperation of Local F e a t u r e s
and Global Models 448
T. Jelonek and F.P. Ferrie
Well-Behaved, Tunable 3D-Affine Invariants 455 /. Rigoutsos
On 3-D Surface Reconstruction Using Shape from Shadows 461
M. Daum and G. Dudek
Varying Focal Length Self-Calibration and Pose Estimation from
Two Images 469
B. Rousso and E. Shilat
Projective Translations and Affine Stereo Calibration 475
A. Ruf, G. Csurka, and R. Horaud
Metric Rectification for Perspective Images of Planes 482
D. Liebowitz and A. Zisserman
Interactive Sensor Planning 489 /. Stamos and P.K. Allen
S e s s i o n P 2 B : D i g i t a l a n d V i d e o L i b r a r i e s , A p p l i c a t i o n s
Qualitative and Quantitative Car Tracking from a Range Image Sequence 496
L. Zhao and C. Thorpe
Shape from Equal Thickness Contours 502
G. Cong and B. Parvin
Head Tracking via Robust Registration in Texture Map Images 508
M. La Cascia, J. Isidoro, and S. Sclaroff
Model-Based Target Recognition in Pulsed Ladar Imagery 515
Q. Zheng, S. Der, and R. Chellappa
Ground from Figure Discrimination 521
A. Amir and M. Lindenbaum
Computer Modeling, Analysis a n d Synthesis of Dressed H u m a n s 528
N. Jojic, J. Gu, I. Mak, H.C. Shen, and T.S. Huang
Using Hierarchical Shape Models to Spot Keywords in Cursive
Handwriting D a t a 535
M.C. Burl and P. Perona
A Content-Based Search Engine for VRML Databases 541
E. Paquet and M. Rioux
Efficient Query Refinement for Image Retrieval.. 547
C. Nastar, M. Mitschke, and C. Meilhac
An Optimized Interaction Strategy for Bayesian Relevance Feedback 553
I.J. Cox, M.L. Miller, T.P. Minka, and P.N. Yianilos
Performance Characterization and Comparison of Video Indexing Algorithms 559
U. Gargi, R. Kasturi, and S. Antani
A Bayesian Framework for Semantic Content Characterization 566
N. Vasconcelos and A. Lippman
Retrieval of Commercials by Video Semantics 572 C. Colombo, A. Del Bimbo, and P. Pala
Image Indexing and Retrieval Based on H u m a n Perceptual Color Clustering 578
Y. Gong, G. Proietti, and C. Faloutsos
S e s s i o n T4A: R e a l - T i m e a n d A c t i v e V i s i o n
Real-Time 2-D F e a t u r e Detection on a Reconfigurable Computer 586
A. Benedetti and P. Perona
Image Alignment for Precise Camera Fixation and Aim 594
L. Wixson, J. Eledath, M. Hansen, R. Mandelbaum, and D. Mishra
Integrated Person Tracking Using Stereo, Color, and P a t t e r n Detection 601
T. Darrell, G. Gordon, M. Harville, and J. Woodfill
S e s s i o n T4B: P h y s i c s - B a s e d V i s i o n
Comparing Images u n d e r Variable Illumination 610
D.W. Jacobs, P.N. Belhumeur, andR. Basri
Histogram Model for 3D Textures 618
K.J. Dana and S.K. Nayar
Image U n d e r s t a n d i n g from T h e r m a l Emission Polarization 625
L.B. Wolff, A. Lundberg, and R. Tang
S e s s i o n T5A: 2 D a n d L o w - L e v e l V i s i o n
Object Detection and Localization by Dynamic Template Warping 634
A.L. Ratan, W.E.L. Grimson, and W.M. Wells III
Texture Recognition Using a Non-Parametric Multi-Scale Statistical Model 641
J.S. De Bonet and P. Viola
Markov Random Fields w i t h Efficient Approximations 648
Y. Boykov, O. Veksler, and R. Zabih
A Radial Cumulative Similarity Transform for Robust Image Correspondence 656
T. Darrell
S e s s i o n T5B: R e c o g n i t i o n
Robust Recognition of Scaled Eigenimages through a Hierarchical Approach 664
H. Bischof and A. Leonardis
Efficient Multiple Model Recognition in Cluttered 3-D Scenes 671
A.E. Johnson and M. Hebert
Probablistic Affine I n v a r i a n t s for Recognition 678
T.K. Leung, M.C. Burl, and P. Perona
Hierarchical Organization of Appearance-Based P a r t s and Relations
for Object Recognition 685
O.I. Camps, C.-Y. Huang, and T. Kanungo
S e s s i o n P3A: R e c o g n i t i o n , M e d i c a l I m a g e A n a l y s i s , a n d P h y s i c s - B a s e d V i s i o n
Creaseness Measures for CT and MR Image Registration 694
A.M. Lopez, D. Lloret, and J. Serrat
Correspondence between Different View Breast X-Rays Using a
Simulation of Breast Deformation 700
Y. Kita, R. Highnam, and M. Brady
Volumetrie Layer Segmentation Using Coupled Surfaces Propagation 708
X. Zeng, L.H. Staib, R.T. Schulz, and J.S. Duncan
Fuzzy Convergence 716
A. Hoover and M. Goldbaum
Model-Based Multiscale Detection of 3D Vessels 722
K. Krissian, G. Malandain, N. Ayache, R. Vaillant, and Y. Trousset
Nonrigid Motion Analysis Based on Dynamic Refinement of Finite
Element Models 728
L.V. Tsap, D.B. Goldgof, and S. Sarkar
Connected Vibrations: A Modal Analysis Approach for Non-Rigid
Motion Tracking 735
H. Tao and T.S. Huang
Curves Matching Using Geodesic P a t h s 741 J. Cohen and I. Herlin
Efficient Optimization of a Deformable Template Using
Dynamic Programming 747
J. Coughlan, A. Yuille, C. English, and D. Snow
Analyzing the Bidirectional Texture Function 753
P.-H. Suen and G. Healey
Appearance Based Behavior Recognition by Event Driven
Selective Attention 759
T. Wada and T. Matsuyama
Multiple F e a t u r e Integration for Robust Object Localization 765
S. Shah and J.K. Aggarwal
The Sample Tree: A Sequential Hypothesis Testing Approach to
3D Object Recognition 772
M. Greenspan
Learning to Form Large Groups of Salient Image Features 780 S. Sarkar
Automatic Hierarchical Classification of Silhouettes of 3D Objects 787
Y. Gdalyahu and D. Weinshall
Towards the Computational Perception of Action 794
R. Mann and A. Jepson
A Classification Based Similarity Metric for 3D Image Retrieval 800
Y. Liu and F. Dellaert
S e s s i o n P 3 B : F a c e R e c o g n i t i o n , V i s i o n a n d G r a p h i c s
Recognizing Abruptly Changing Facial Expressions from Time-Sequential
Face Images 808
T. Otsuka and J. Ohya
Variants of Dynamic Link Architecture Based on Mathematical Morphology
for Frontal Face Authentication 814
Hierarchical Morphable Models 820
M.J. Jones and T. Poggio
Probabilistic Reasoning Models for Face Recognition 827
C. Liu and H. Wechsler
A Verification Protocol and Statistical Performance Analysis for
Face Recognition Algorithms 833
S.A. Rizvi, P.J. Phillips, and H. Moon
Face Recognition Based on N e a r e s t Linear Combinations 839
S.Z. Li
Weak Orthogonalization of Face and Perturbation for Recognition 845
K. Nagao and M. Sohma
Subtly Different Facial Expression Recognition and Expression
Intensity Estimation 853
J. J.-J. Lien, T. Kanade, J.F. Cohn, C.-C. Li, and A.J. Zlochower
Soccer Image Sequence Computed by a Virtual Camera 860
K. Matsui, M. Iwase, M. Agata, T. Tanaka, and N. Ohnishi
The Acquisition and Use of Interaction Behavior Models 866
N. Johnson, A. Galata, and D. Hogg
Acquisition of a Large Pose-Mosaic D a t a s e t 872
S. Coorg, N. Master, and S. Teller
Nonlinear PHMMs for the Interpretation of Parameterized Gesture 879
A.D. Wilson and A.F. Bobick
Automatic Mosaicing w i t h Super-Resolution Zoom 885
D. Capel and A. Zisserman
Extraction and Classification of Visual Motion P a t t e r n s for H a n d
Gesture Recognition 892
M.-H. Yang and N. Ahuja
H u m a n Action Detection Using P N F Propagation of Temporal Constraints 898
C.S. Pinhanez and A.F. Bobick
Reliable Tracking of H u m a n Arm Dynamics by Multiple Cue Integration
and Constraint Fusion 905
Y. Azoz, L. Devi, and R. Sharma
Image Segmentation for H u m a n Tracking Using Sequential-Image-Based
Hierarchical Adaptation 911
A. Utsumi and J. Ohya
S e s s i o n T6A: P a t t e r n A n a l y s i s
Fingerprint Preselection Using Eigenfeatures 918
T. Kamei and M. Mizoguchi
A Weighted Combination of Classifiers Employing Shared and
Distinct Representations 924
J. Kittler and S.A. Hojjatoleslami
A Methodology for Deriving Probabilistic Correctness Measures
from Recognizers 930
D. Bouchaffra, V. Govindaraju, and S. Srihari
S e s s i o n T 6 B : A p p l i c a t i o n s
Robust Defect Segmentation in Woven Fabrics 938
H. Sari-Sarraf and J.S. Goddard, Jr.
Exhaustive Detection of Manufacturing Flaws as Abnormalities 945
V.-D. Nguyen, A. Noble, J. Mundy, J. Janning, and J. Ross
Depth Measurement by the Multi-Focus Camera 953
S. Hiura and T. Matsuyama
D e m o s
w : A Real Time System for Detecting and Tracking People 962 /. Haritaoglu, D. Harwood, and L.S. Davis
Rotation I n v a r i a n t Neural Network-Based Face Detection 963
H.A. Rowley, S. Baluja, and T. Kanade
Magic Morphin' Mirror: Person Detection and Tracking 964
T. Darrell, G. Gordon, M. Harville, and J. Woodfill
VADIS: A Video Analysis, Display and Indexing System 965
U. Gargi, S. Antani, and R. Kasturi
Remote Reality Demonstration 966
T.E. Boult
A u t h o r I n d e x 967
