Forage crops variety testing 1984

TABLE OF CONTENTS

INTRODUCTION

EXPERIMENTAL PROCEDURE ...•..•...•...••...

5

WINTER ANNUAL FORAGES - Agencies Sponsoring Entries •...•..

7

SUMMER ANNUAL FORAGES FOR SILAGE - Agencies Sponsoring Entries ...

12

PERENNIAL FORAGES - Agencies Sponsoring Entries ..•...•..

15

YIELDS ...•..••...•...•...•..

18

LIST OF APPENDIX TABLES (Temperature, Precipitation) ...•...

32

APPENDIX TABLES .•.••...•...••....•...•...

33

The use of trade names in this publication does not imply endorsement of

productions named or criticism of similar ones not mentioned.

Prepared by: Dorsey W. Daniel, J. Paul Mueller and James T. Green C rap Science Extension Specialis ts

Published by

THE NORTH CAROLINA AGRICULTURAL EXTENSION SERVICE

North Carolina State University at Raleigh, North Carolina Agricultural and Technical State University at Greensboro, and the U. S. Department of Agriculture, Cooperating. State University Station, Raleigh, N. C., Chester D. Black, Director. Distributed In furtherance of the Acts of Congress of May 8 and June 30,1914. The North Carolina Agricultural extension Service offers Its programs to all eligible persons regardless of race, color, or national origin, and Is an equal opportunity employer.

INTRODUCTION

EVALUATION OF FORAGE CROP VARIETIES IN NORTH CAROLINA

New forage vari e t i es and hybrids are constantly being released from

publ i c and pri vate sources. In addition, forage breeders are continually

interested in testing experimentals under various growing conditions. In

order to determi ne ad apt ab i 1i ty and productivity, it is necessary that

these forages be tested under North Carolina growing conditions. The

purpose of thi s pub 1i cat i on is to present comparative data on forages

tested in North Carolina in

1983.

The va r i e tie s t est e dar e c 1ass e din to t hr ee maj0r graups: win te r

annuals (such as rye, wheat, oats, barley and ryegrass); s~

ann ua 1s for s i 1ag e ( s uc h as forage sorghum, sorghum-sudangrass hybri ds , and sudangrass); and perennial forages (such as alfalfa, ladino clover, red clover, orchardgrass, tall fescue, bermudagrass and Pennisetum sp.). All va r i e tie s (e xc e pt tho s e i nth e s i 1age t est s ) wer e ma naged on a multiple-cut system with most varieties being clipped three or more times to simulate rotational grazing or haying conditions.

Dry forage yields are reported for all entries tested. Additional

data reported for the silage tests include adjusted silage yield (35% dry weight), height, stems per acre, and percent seed head.

Weather-measuri ng instruments are often not avai lable at the exact

test sites. Consequently, climatological data are presented from stations

near est a gi ve n t est and are 1is ted i nth e appendi x• I n rno st cas es reporting stations are relatively close to the tests.

Experimental lines are sponsored through the USDA-ARS, state

agri-cultural experiment stations and privately owned companies. These lines

are not available for farm use. All entries from privately owned companies

(experimental lines or commercial varieties) are tested on a fee basis. The Crop Science Department, N. C. State University reserves the right to enter proven varieties to be used as standards, or other varieties of interest.

All varieties are from certified sources or from sources which would be

able to verify origin. This gives assurance as to the purity of the

entries tested and that results reported here could be reproduced.

Annual forage tests are conducted on private farms as well as state experiment stations whereas the perennial tests are usually on experiment

stations. Cooperators and locations for

1983

1.

We express apprec i at ion to these individuals and to the county extension

agents and their staffs for assistance in conducting these tests. Most

computations and statistical analyses were conducted in the Statistical

Laboratory and Computing Center at North Carolina State University. These

2

Tab 1e

Nam e san dad dres s e s

cooper at

r sin the

Nor t h Car

1ina

Forage Variety Trials.

Name

Winter Annuals

Billy Ascyue

Mike Skinner

Farm Manager

Sorghum Silage

Henry Marshall

Perennial Forages

J. R. Edwards

Howell Gentry

Billy Ascyue

John W. Smith

Address

Piedmont Research Station

Salisbury, N.C.

Rowan County

McLawhorn Farms

Greenville, NC

Pitt County

University Farms, Unit

Raleigh, NC

Wake County

Mountain Research Station

516

Test Farm Road

Waynesville, NC

Haywood County

Upper Piedmont Research

Station

Reidsville, NC

Rockingham County

Piedmont Research Station

Sal i sbury, NC

Rowan County

Tidewater Research Station

Rt. 2, Plymouth, NC 27962

Washington County

Extension Agent or

Experiment Station Personnel

David Hall

NC ARS

Miriam Lewis

Extension Agent

Stewart Starr

NC ARS

Bob Davis

Crops Specialist

Scott Shoulars

Extension Agent

David Hall

NC ARS

• SU~1MER ANNUAL SILAGE

• WINTER ANNUALS • RED OR WHITE CLOVER

*

II PERENNIAL GRASSES

Table 2.

Geographical, soil and environmental information for forage variety test locations.

Crop

Location

Perennial IForages

Piedmont Research Station

Winter Annuals

Salisbury, North Carolina

Central Piedmont, Rowan Co.

Approx. Elev. 700 feet

Perennial Forages

Tidewater Research Station

Plymouth, North Carolina

Sorghum Silage

Eastern, Coastal Plain

Washington County

Approx. E1ev. 21 feet

Length of

Growing

Soi1

Season

Davidson-Mecklenburg Assoc.

200 Days

Dark red clay loam soil with

firm red clay, thick subsoil.

Portsmouth-Hyde Association

212

Days

Gray friable sandy loam soil

with firm silt loam subsoil.

Average

Annual

Rainfa11

49 Inches

49 Inches

Sorghum Silage

Perennial Forages

University Res. Farm-Unit

Raleigh, North Carolina

East Central Piedmont

Wake County

Approx. E1ev. 400 feet

Appling-Cecil Association

Gray sandy loam soil with

red, firm clay subsoils.

200 Days

46 Inches

,.J:::a

Perennial Forages

Upper Piedmont Res. Station

Reidsville, North Carolina

Upper Piedmont

Rockingham County

Approx. E1ev. 890 feet

Perennial Forages

Mountain Research Station

Waynesville, North Carolina

Southern Mountains

Haywood County

Approx. E1ev. 2650 feet

Winter Annuals

McLawhorn Farms

Greenville, North Carolina

Central Coastal Plain

Pitt County

Approx. Elev. 50 feet

Appling-Cecil Association

200 Days

Sandy clay loam surface soil

with red, firm clay subsoil.

Ha1ewood-Hayesville Assoc.

Days

Gray-brown loam with red

friable clay subsoil.

Norfolk Association

Days

Light-gray, sandy loam

surface soil with

reddish-brown friable sandy clay

subsoil.

46 Inches

42 Inches

5

EXPERIMENTAL PROCEDURES

Recommended small-plot techniques and cultural practices were employed on all t est s • Fer til i z a t ion, see din g rat es , date s and ot her cu1t ur a1 information of a given test are listed in the table which gives dry matter yields by harvest for that test.

Winter Annuals and Perennials

The experimental design used for all tests was a randomized complete

block (with the exception of FVT 197 which was a split plot) with four or

five replications. Plots were20 feet long and 2 1/2 feet wide, with the

exception of 5 x 20 foot plots for ladino clover, bermudagrass and the

Pennisetum sp . Blocks were separated by at least 2 1/2 feet and all

tests bordered by materi al comparable to that included in the test. An

except ion occu rred when spec i es wi th maj or di fferences in seasonal

productivity were evaluated. In these cases borders were maintained

between species.

All p lot sex c e pt 1ad i n0 c 10ve r, be r mud a g r ass and the Penni set urn

sp , contained three rows nine inches apart. Seeding was accomplished with

a push-type Planet Jr. seeder or a specially designed cone planter which

was calibrated for each entry. Ladino clover was broadcast seeded by hand;

bermudagrass and the Penni setum sp, were established by placing sprigs

into rows. Seeding rates for all tests were adjusted to 100% germination

based on tests conducted just prior to planting.

Cool season perennials and winter annuals were sown in September while warm season perennials were established in March.

Plots were harvested with a self-propelled, flail-knife chopper. It

was designed specifically for small plot work with the wheels spaced so the harvest rows and the stubble were not damaged during harvesting.

Each plot was eval uated for weed percentage. When estimated to be

greater than 5% of the harvested forage dry matter, weed contribution was

subtracted from total herbage weights. Thus dry forage yields listed in

this publication are on a weed-free basis.

Dry yield determinations included drying either the whole plot sample

or a subsample. When subsampling, the percent dry matter values from two

reps were averaged and multipled by green weight to determine dry yield. Subsampl ing was necessary in some cases due to the bulk of green material be i n9 han d1e dan d ash0

6

forced air drier at 130 Fahrenheit. Moisture remaining in the samples

6

Summer Annual Forages for Silage

In 1983 several summer annuals were planted to determine their

potential for silage production. The primary goal was to evaluate forage

sorghums, but one variety from the following annuals were also tested;

grain sorghum, sudangrass and sorghum-sudangrass. Table 8 contains

information on the entries tested and the sponsoring agencies.

The summer annua 1s were tested at University Farms in Raleigh (FVT

207). The vari et i es were planted in a randomized complete block design

with five replications. Each variety was planted in three rows 36 inches

apart and 20 feet in length. Replications were separated by 6 foot borders

which contained a single row of FS-la as a border row. Each variety was

pl anted wi th a speci alized small plot, cone planter which was calibrated

for the entry. Seeding rates were between 80,000-100,000 seeds per acre.

Ferti 1 ization, weed control, pl anting date, etc. are presented at the bottom of the table containing the data.

The center row of each variety was harvested when most of the seeds

were in the soft dough stage. Sorghum-sudan hybrids and sudangrass were

harvested on a multicut schedule when plants reached the boot to early head

stage of development. The plants were cut by hand to a 4-inch stubble,

wei ghed green, subsampled and dried for yield and moisture determinations. Plant height was obtained by measuring three random plants per row. Percent seedhead determination was made by randomly selecting ten plants at harvest, removing the seedhead, 8nd weighing stalks and seedheads after

7

WINTER ANNUAl FORAGES

Table 3. Names, addresses and cultivar designation of agencies sponsoring winter annual forage entries in the 1982-83 trials.

Sponsoring Agency

Gurl ey.. Inc.

Pioneer Hi-Bred

FCX, Inc.

N. C. Agricultural Extension Service

USDA-ARS

Address

P. O. Box 388 Selma, NC 27576

Box 616 1/2 S. Third St. Columbus, MS 39701

P. O. Box 2419 Ral eigh, NC

Raleigh, NC

Coastal Plain Station Tifton, GA 31793

Brand Gurley Gurley Gurley Pioneer Pioneer Pioneer Pioneer Pioneer FCX FCX Coker Coker Funk's Cultivar Designation

Grazer 2000 Rye Abruzzi Rye GI -85 Rye

Shannon Ryegrass 2550 Wheat Exp. 6M4F Ryegrass Exp. 100M Ryegrass Fla. 80 Ryegrass

Tetra-81 Ryegrass Top 1 Ryegrass

Gulf Ryegrass N. C. Abruzzi Rye 747 Wheat 227 Oat Carolee Oat Brooks Oat Roy Wheat Boone Bar1ey Clayton Barley Marshall Ryegrass 'Woogenellup Sub. Clover

Mt. Barker Sub. Clover Oregon Grown Crimson Cl. Chesapeake Red Clover Hairy Vetch

8

Table 4. FVT 206 Dry forage yiel~, of ryegrass, small grains and winter legumes in Pitt County, NC,

1982-83-Harvest Dates

Brand Variety 11/17 2/22 3/17 4/18 5/18 6/27 Total

Pounds Per Acre Dry Foragef!

Funk's Marshall Ryegrass 1589 1069 918 2511 3628 1521 11235 FCX Top 1 Ryegrass 1213 726 1015 2111 3895 1911 10871 FCX Tetra 81 Ryegrass 1184 875 1067 2175 3861 1413 10575 Pioneer Exp. 6M4F Ryegrass 1206 914 1264 2019 3416 1706 10524 Pioneer Exp. 100M Ryegrass 922 486 987 1999 3798 1705 9897 Gulf Ryegrass 1323 1072 934 2215 3057 1295 9895 Pioneer Fla. 80 Ryegrass 687 1399 1513 1805 3145 1299 9848 Ga. Reseeding Ryegrass 1227 992 1343 1701 3219 1210 9693 Pioneer Shannon Ryegrass 1323 657 956 2057 2905 1672 9569 Coker 227 Oat 1401 1453 1149 1164 2303 3/ 7471 Gurley Grazer 2000 Rye 1121 1552 1168 855 1355 3/ 6051 Caro1ee Oat 1534 1151 604 1126 1544 3/ 5958 Brooks Oat 1965 1196 590 844 1329 3/ 5924 Gurley Abruzzi Rye 1149 1337 849 882 1039 3/ 5256 N. C. Abruzzi Rye 1023 1606 735 620 1240 3/ 5224 Clayton Barley 762 548 646 769 1141 3/ 3867

Roy Wheat 581 477 663 742 1025 3/ 3489

Boone Barley 568 502 529 922 829 3/ 3350 Pioneer 2550 Wheat 340 349 431 1294 879 3/ 3293

Coker 747 Wheat 368 287 548 972 915

-y

Mean of Test 1074 932 895 1439 2226 1526 7254

L.S.D. Waller Duncan 333 257 238 235 439 338 797 K Ratio

=

Legumes

Woogenellup Sub. Clover 1883 1031 3382 3/ 6296 Mt. Barker Sub. Clover 1353 1108 3722 3/ 6183 Oregon Grown Crimson Clover 2982 798 1208 3/ 4988 Chesapeake Red Clover 932 1686 2196 3/ 4814

Hairy Vetch 1431 667 1914

_Y

Mean of Test 1716 1058 2484 .5258

L.S.D. Waller Duncan 628 542 1304 1568

K Ratio

=

lI

20 , 60 K20 to all. Post olanttng grasses (Lbs/A) 50.1bs . N on~bruary 22, Apri1 1, and April 27. flAverage of five replications.

Table 5.

Brand

Funk's

FCX

FCX

Pioneer

Pioneer

Pioneer

Pioneer

Coker

Gurley

Gurley

Pioneer

Coker

9

Dry forage yields of winter annuals grown during three years in

the Coastal Plain of North Carolina.

Annual Dry Forage Yields (Lbs/A}lJ

1981

Y

1

198~

AverageE!

Variety

Total

Total

Total

Marshall Ryegrass

5544

6837

11235

7872

Top 1 Ryegrass

10871

Tetra 81 Ryegrass

6381

10575

8478

Exp. 6M4F Ryegrass

10524

Exp. 100M Ryegrass

9897

Gulf Ryegrass

4679

6271

9895

6948

Fla. 80 Ryegrass

9848

Ga. Reseeding Ryegrass

5698

9693

7696

Shannon Ryegrass

3799

5942

9569

6437

227 Oat

5352

4954

7471

5925

Grazer 2000 Rye

4117

5582

6051

5250

Carolee Oat

4715

4177

5958

4950

Brooks Oat

4629

3915

5924

4822

Abruzzi Rye

4163

5163

5256

4860

N. C. Abruzzi Rye

3363

4658

5224

4415

Clayton Barley

4093

4192

3867

4050

Roy Wheat

2924

4164

3489

3525

Boone Barley

4252

4469

3350

4023

2550 Wheat

3293

747 Wheat

3466

3091

3278

lIAverage of five replications.

fl

Nash County_

See Ag 49 Crop Science Report 82 for details on establishment

and fertilization.

]VWashington County.

See Ag 49 Crop Science Report 91 for details on

establishment and fertilization.

il

pi t t County.

See FVT 206. Table 4.

Table 6.

FVT 202

Dry fora ge

_1yie1ds

of ryegrass and small grains on the Piedmont Research Station in Rowan

CountYt NC,

1982-83-Harvest Dates

Brand

Variety

11/2

12/14

2/24

3/30

4/26

5/25

6/9

Total

Pounds Per Acre Dry

Forage~

Funk's

Marshall Ryegrass

1723

2117

805

2060

3619

3750

417

14491

Pioneer

Shannon Ryegrass

1620

2598

646

2093

2723

3926

738

14343

FCX

Top 1 Ryegrass

1506

2913

629

1806

2753

3701

550

13858

FCX

Tetra 81 Ryegrass

1597

2698

544

1986

2460

3722

664

13671

Ga. Reseeding Ryegrass

1600

2224

612

2237

1993

3883

200

12748

Gulf Ryegrass

1551

2720

276

1066

2661

3546

358

12177

Pioneer

2550 Wheat

1130

1969

754

1883

2403

1603

3/

9742

Gurley

Abruzzi Rye

1571

2379

799

2427

895

1662

3/

9733

Roy Wheat

949

2908

945

1942

1240

1561

3/

9545

Gurley

Grazer 2000 Rye

1488

2072

871

2118

804

2116

3/

9469

Coker

747 Wheat

1121

1036

1025

2266

1542

1892

3/

8882

Coker

227 Oat

1884

2211

303

373

2046

1855

3/

8672

Boone Barley

1252

1697

474

1952

1596

1697

3/

8668

N. C. Abruzzi Rye

1526

2183

854

1725

689

1405

II

8383

Clayton Barley

1145

1637

541

1769

1444

1217

3/

7754

Gurley

GI 85 Rye

204

1532

819

2767

924

1333

7580

Caro1ee Oat

1899

2150

71

242

1294

1737

3/

7393

Brooks Oat

2116

1450

135

439

1444

1285

_II

6868

Mean of Test

1438

2114

632

1801

1751

2288

488

10102

L.S.D. Waller Duncan

389

417

202

340

372

428

201

1039

K Ratio

=

100

!/Seeded September 3, 1982 on a Davidson clay loam soil.

Fertilization (lbs/A) at seeding 24 N, 144 P

_20S'

144 K

_2O.

50 1bs N/A on February 21,

30, Apri1 26.

~Average

of four replications.

11

Table 7.

Dry forage yields of winter annuals for three years in the Piedmont,

North Carolina.

Annual Dry Forage Yields {Lbs/A)!I

1981£1

1982

Y

1983!1

AveragJ!

Brand

Variety

Total

Total

Total

Funk's

Marshall Ryegrass

5601

7754

14491

9282

Pioneer

Shannon Ryegrass

4529

6917

14348

8598

FCX

Top 1 Ryegrass

13858

FCX

Tetra 81 Ryegrass

5770

13671

9720

Ga. Reseeding Ryegrass

3690

12748

8219

Gulf Ryegrass

5244

6698

12177

8039

Pioneer

2550 Wheat

9742

Gurley

Abruzzi Rye

3705

4660

9733

6032

Roy Wheat

4431

4419

9545

6131

Gurley

Grazer 2000 Rye

3614

4509

9469

5864

Coker

747 Wheat

3575

8882

6228

Coker

227 Oat

5018

4725

8672

6138

Boone Barley

4420

5177

8668

6088

N. C. Abruzzi Rye

3628

3892

8383

5301

Gurley

GI 85 Rye

3882

4990

7955

5609

Clayton Barley

4340

4570

7754

5554

Caro1ee Oat

3976

4147

7393

5172

Brooks Oat

3582

3816

6868

4755

lIAverage of five replications in years 1981, 1982. Four replications in 1983.

flRowan County.

See Ag 49 Crop Science Report 82 for details on establishment

and fertilization.

~Rowan

County.

See Ag 49 Crop Science Report 91 for details on establishment

and fertilization.

1!Rowan County.

See FVT 202, Table 6.

12

SORGHUM SILAGE

Table 8. Names, addresses and cultivar designation of agencies sponsoring entries in the 1983 sorghum silage variety trial.

Cultlvar

Name Address Brand Designation

DeKalb Ag Research Route 2 DeKalb FS25a+ Lubbock, TX 79514

Green Seed Company P. O. Box 943 Green G909 Gallatin, TN 37066

Pioneer Hi-Bred 1000 W. Jefferson St. Pioneer 931 International, Inc. Tipton, IN 46072 Pioneer 923

Pennington Enterp., P. O. Box 290 Pennington Pennsilage A Inc. Madison, GA 30650

Northrup King Company P. O. Box 151 NK 367 Columbus, MS 39701 NK 300

N. C. Agricultural Ral ei gh, NC DeKalb FS-1a

Extension Service FFR 66 (Sorghum x Sudan) FFR 74A (Sudangrass)

Table 9.

FVT 207

Silage yields and characteristics of forage sorghum grown in Wake County, NC - 19831/

fI

Silage Yields

Percent

Sept.

Y

Oct.

Y

Dry Matter

Adjusted

Seed

Regrowth

Regrowth

Yield

Percent

65%

Plant

Head

Number

Harvestl'

Dry Matter Dry Matter

Pounds

Dry

Mo; sture

Height

Dry

Stems

Yield Lbs

Yield Lbs

Brand

Variety

Per Acre Matter Tons/Acre

Inches

Wt.

Per Acre

Date

Per Acre

Per Acre

DeKa1b

FS-25a+

12564

35

17.9

52

29

95251

October 5

Pioneer

923

11946

32

17. 1

67

27

110062

November 2

NK

367

10959

27

15.7

76

26

139102

November 2

NK

300

8786

34

12.6

41

35

93799

October 5

Pioneer

931

8774

38

12.5

46

39

123856

September 16

Green

G 909

8642

29

12.4

59

28

121823

November 2

Pennington

Pennsi1age A

7725

36

111.0

47

36

139247

September 16

DeKa1b

FS-1A

7414

33

10.6

44

35

91912

October 5

NK

Savanna 5 (Grain)

6420

39

9.2

30

39

201538

September 16

FFR

66 (Sorg. x Sudan)

~

21

5/

66

4/

159284

August 12

897

1422

FFR

74A (Sudangrass)

23

§j

57

245388

August 12

1050

1601

...

w

Mean of Test

8623

32

12.3

53

33

138296

974

1511

L.S.D. Waller Duncan

1446

03

2.1

8

03

23302

K Ratio

=

100

lI

P1ant ed June 13, 1983 on a Cecil soil.

Plots are three rows 36 inches apart and 20 feet in length.

Fertilized at rate of (lbs/A):

May 17, 1983 - 30 N, 80 P

_205,

25 K

20;

May 30, 1983 - 90 N; June 20, 1983 - 60 N.

Weed Control:

May 24,1983 - 2 1bs. a.i./A AAtrex

Insect Control:

June 13,1983 2 1bs. a.i./A, Furadan; July 8,1983 .75 lbs. a.i.fA Malathion; August 4,1983

-1 lb. a.i./A Sevin.

flYie1d data based on five rep1ciations.

~Entries

harvested at early to late dough stage.

14

Table 10. Three year averages of silage yields andcharact,yistic~/of f0

_3?ge

Dry Matter Silage Yield Yield Percent Adjusted to Plant Pounds Dry 65% Moisture Height Brand Variety Per Acre Matter Tons/Acre Inches

DeKalb FS-25a+ 13875 32 19.8 77

Pioneer 923 14086 34 20.1 89

NK 367 12894 26 18.4 104

NK 300 10389 32 14.9 55

Pioneer 931 14839 35 21.2 100

DeKalb FS-la 7983 30 11.4 59

NK Savanna 5 (Grain) 7286 40 10.4 50

FFR 66 (Sorghum x Sudan) 7139 28 10.2 79

FFR 74A (Sudangrass) 6016 29 8.6 71

!fAll data based on five replications.

~1981 data FVT 187, Wake County. See Ag 49 Crop Science Report 82 for details on establishment and fertilization.

15

Table11. Names, addresses and cultivar designation of agencies sponsoring entries in the

1983North Carolina Perennial Forage Trials. Name

Clemson University

Farmers Forage Res. Cooperative

Great Plains Res. Company, Inc.

North American Plant

N. C. Agricultural Extension Service

N. C. Agric. Res. Service

CAL/WEST Seeds

Address

Clemson, SC 29631 4112E. State Road W. Lafayette, IN 47906

1221 Pioneer Court Cary, NC 27511

RR 3

Ames, Iowa 50010

N. C. State University Raleigh, NC

N. C. State University Ra1 eigh, NC

Box 1428

Woodland, CA 95695

Brand FFR FFR FFR FFR FFR FFR FFR FFR Great Plains Great Plains Great P1ai ns Great Plains NAPB NAPB NAPB NAPB NAPB NAPB NAPB CAL/WEST CAL/WEST Cultivar Designation

Piedmont Orchardgrass1 Classic Alfalfa Weev1chek Alfalfa Hi-Phy Alfalfa Tempo Alfalfa Redman Red Clover Forager Fescue Able Orchardgrass Hallmark Orchardgrass

Shenandoah Alfalfa2 CIM 2 1980Alfalfa Cimarron Alfalfa Intrepid 1980Alfalfa

17Alfalfa Apo 110 A1fa1fa Vangard Alfalfa Bar0n A1f a1fa Armor Alfalfa Redland Red Clover Redland II Red Clover

Arc Alfa lf a Saranac AR Alfalfa Liberty Alfala Saranac Alfa1fa Buffalo Alfalfa Chesapeake Red Clover Tillman Ladino Clover Regal Ladino Clover Kentucky 31Fescue Coastal Bermudagrass Tifton 44Bermudagrass Midland Bermudagrass Dall i sgrass

Plains Bluestem Kanlow Switchgrass Pensacola Bahia Boone Orchardgrass

+Pennisetum flaccidum +NC 1 Ladino Clover +NC 2 Ladino Clover +NC 5 (VR) Ladino Clover

16

Table 11. (Continued) Names, addresses and cultivar designation of agencies sponsoring entries in the 1983 North Carolina Perennial Forage Trials.

Name Address

Northrup King Co. 1500 Jackson St., NE Minneapolis, MN Brand NK NK NK NK Nt< NK NK NK NK Cultlvar Designation Vancor Alfalfa Gladiator Alfalfa Raidor Alfalfa Florie Red Clover Arcadia Ladino Clover Orbit Orchardgrass Saborto Orchardgrass +K2-8 Orchardgrass +K8-122 Orchardgrass

Pioneer Hi-Bred Int. P. O. Box 85 Johnstont Iowa

Pickseed West P. O. Box 888 Tangent, OR

Univ. of Kentucky

Waterman-Loomis Co.

Land 0I Lakes

DeKalb AgResearch,

Lexington, Kentucky

7625 Brown Ridge Rd. Highland, MD 20777

RR 2

Webster City, IA 50595

Sycamore Road DeKalb, IL 60115

Pickseed Pickseed Pickseed Pickseed Pickseed Pickseed Pioneer Pioneer Pioneer Pioneer Pioneer Pioneer Pioneer Pioneer WL WL WL WL WL WL WL WL WL

Land 0I Lakes

DeKal b DeKalb DeKal b Juno Orchardgrass Ina Orchardgrass Kay Orchardgrass Nestor Tetraploid Ryeg. Fran cis Per e nni a1 Ryeg. Grimalda Tetraploid Ryeg.

520 Alfalfa 526 Alfalfa 531 Alfalfa 532 Alfalfa 555 Alfalfa Florida 77 Alfalfa Bastian Per. Ryegrass Ellett Per. Ryegrass

Kenland Red Clover Kenstar Red Clover Kenhy Tall Fescue Johnstone Tall Fescue

Southern Special Alfalfa 311 Alfalfa

312 Alfalfa 313 Alfalfa 318 Alfalfa

+74-519 (FND) Alfalfa +77T25-2 Alfalfa +77-8CaB Alfalfa +78T20 Alf alf a

Epic Alfalfa

17

Table 11. (Continued) Names, addresses and cultivar designation of agencies sponsoring entries in the 1983 North Carolina Perennial Forage Trials.

Name

International Seeds, Inc.

Green Seed Company

Auburn University

Dairyland Res. Int.

Address

P. O. Box 168 Halsey, OR 97348

P. O. Box 943 Gallatin, TN 37066

Auburn University Alabama 36849

RR #1, Box 51 Clinton, WI 53525

Brand

International I nternat i ona1 International I nternat iona1 International International

Green

Dairyland Dairyland Dairyland

Cultlvar Designation

ISI-79-1 Rescuegrass ISI-78-1 Rescuegrass ISI-80-C Orchardgrass ISI-80-A Orchardgrass ISI-80-B Orchardgrass Tetrelite II Per. Ryegrass

Shiloh Orchardgrass

Triumph Tall Fescue

Magnum Alfalfa DS214 Alfalfa DS216 Alfalfa

+ Experimental

1 Formerly Reported as OG-65G

Table 12.

FVT 162

Dry matter yields of alfalfa on the Upper Piedmont Research Station in Rockingham County, NclI

Harvest Dates, 1983

₁₉₈₃

₁₉₈₂

₁₉₈₁

₁₉₈₀

₁₉₇₉

₁₉₇₈

Six

_Year

Brand

Variety

5/2

6/6

7/5

8/8

11/17

Total

Total

Total

Total

Total

Total

Average

WL

311

2210

3355

2724

615

935

9839

15892

10106

12886

15186

15991

13317

WL

318

1979

3022

2196

550

881

8627

13807

10178

12164

15389

15304

12579

NAPB

Apollo

2094

3035

2081

537

732

8479

15563

9394

12181

14877

15463

12659

Liberty

2140

3132

1925

391

581

8169

15302

9582

13189

16340

14171

12792

NAPB

Vangard

1987

2987

2020

380

670

8044

14658

9632

11581

16199

15768

12647

Arc

1970

3036

1975

444

533

7958

13696

8263

12489

15811

14284

12083

Saranac AR

1941

2977

1933

408

660

7919

13746

9050

12500

15123

13827

12027

FFR

Weev1chek

1974

2684

1928

409

540

7536

14278

8642

11629

13656

14892

11772

Mean of Test

2037

3028

2098

467

691

8321

14618

9356

12327

15323

14963

12485

-L.S.D. Waller Duncan

1587'}J 1411

Y

K

Ratio

=

100

509

390

232

248

1438

1016

673

1897

430

co

lISeeded August 20, 1977 at:

20 1bs/acre on an Appling fine sandy loam soil

Soil test report at seeding (lbs/A):

277 -

125 -

K

_{20 ,}

pH -

5.7

and organic matter -

0.7%.

Fertilizer (lbs/A) at seeding:

45 PO, 135

, 3 Boron and 2000 lime.

Maintenance (lbs/A):

March

12. 19792_

575

P~05~

150

K~O,

2

Boron.

February

21, 1980 - 68 P

i0

5, 205

KBO and

1025

lime.

February 24, 1981 - 7

P

205,

2 6 K

20,

February 16, 1982 - 81 P

205,

2 3

K

2

0, 10

°

lime,

March 8, 1983 - 86 PO.

259 K O.

Weed Control (lbs/A ai):

January 30,

1979~

'.0 Kerb,

.~O

Sencor; March 10, 1980 - .50 Sencor

Insect Control (lbs/A ai): March 29, 0.5 Furadan.

-~Average

of five replications.

Table 13. FVT 189 Dry matter yields of alfalfa on the Mountain Research Station in Haywood CountYt NC.lI

Harvest Dates t 1983 Three

1983 1982 1981 Year Brand Variety 5/11 6/15 7/20 8/23 11/9 Total Total Total Average

Pounds Per Acre Dry Forage "

Great Plains Shenandoah 4466 4159 3480 1538 1711 15355 14338 7822 12505 FFR Hi-Phy 4639 3833 3267 1398 1491 14627 13970 8075 12224 Great Plains +Intrepid 1980 4342 4272 2908 1482 1560 14564 14119 8021 12235

WL 311 4061 3608 3530 1613 1663 14475 12939 7711 11708

WL 313 3900 3923 3845 1251 1442 14360 12606 7787 11584

Great Plains Cimarron 4218 4080 3183 1224 1495 14201 13485 7969 11885 FFR Tempo 4030 4148 3403 1197 1336 14114 13081 7755 11650 WL +74-5T9 (FND) 3940 3710 3560 1326 1485 14020 11989 7648 11219 Great Plains +C1M2 1980 4132 3845 3158 1292 1531 13958 13936 7421 11772 Saranac 3863 4155 3202 1224 1377 13821 13901 7920 11880 NAPB Apollo 4560 3636 3162 1121 1269 13748 12211 7526 11162

Arc 4449 3704 2737 1105 1342 13337 12914 7962 11405 _... NK Raidor 4024 3835 2892 1101 1379 13232 14040 7999 11757 \D

Pioneer 520 4194 3635 2983 1187 1228 13227 12860 7060 11049 NK Gladiator 4356 3891 2772 1004 1166 13190 12652 7320 11054

NK Vancor 4542 3708 2792 965 1157 13165 12080 7443 10996

DeKa1 b 120 4410 3642 2782 992 1213 13038 13833 7382 11418 FFR Classic 4180 3423 2987 1038 1356 12985 13501 7956 11481

WL 318 3726 3345 3195 1308 1407 12983 12819 8215 11339

FFR Weev1chek 4267 3769 2834 734 1259 12863 12616 7440 10973 DeKa1 b 130 3179 3694 2945 1406 1512 12736 12813 7510 11020 Pioneer 531 3829 3720 2694 958 1249 12449 13064 7607 11040 Mean of Test 4150 3806 3105 1203 1392 13657 13171 7720 11516

-L.S.D. Waller Duncan 1191 996 386 440 380 1437 847 N.S. 607 K Ratio

=

+Experimental.

lISeeded March 26t 1981 at 25 1bs/A on a Dyke soil.

Soil test report at seeding: PI

=

=

=

=

Fertilizer (lbs/A) at seeding: 138

Plos'

=

P

Table 14. FVT 194 Dry matter yields of alfalfa on the Tidewater Research Station in Wa~hington County, NclI

Harvest Dates, 1983 Two

1983 1982 Year Brand Variety 5/3 6/2 7/6 8/1 9/15 11/18 Total Total Average

Pounds Per Acre Dry Forage~

Great Plains Shenandoah 2231 2385 3601 437 1268 1445 11367 14058 12713

NK Raidor 2217 2154 3331 417 1114 1169 10402 12818 11610

WL +77-8 CaB 2073 1909 3071 436 1324 1303 10116 13847 11982

WL +78T20 1809 1924 3151 523 1232 1434 10074 13663 11868

WL Southern Special 1529 1859 3087 577 1467 1518 10037 13920 11978 Great Plains Cimarron 1896 2086 2907 479 1232 1351 9952 12978 11465

WL +77T25-2 1636 1827 2990 535 1317 1490 9795 13898 11846

DeKa1b 120 2016 2016 2977 345 1065 1276 9694 12134 10914

FFR Classic 1996 2039 3007 331 1215 1095 9684 12267 10976

DeKa1b 130 1889 1987 2976 395 1185 1171 9602 12870 11236

FFR Weev1chek 1935 1957 3157 345 1122 994 9509 11924 10717

WL 313 1867 1869 2805 420 1211 1216 9388 12527 10958

Pioneer 531 1886 1844 2919 357 1151 1214 9370 12110 10740

FFR Hi-Phy 1655 1833 3002 367 1173 1258 9287 13140 11214 N

NAPB Apollo 1853 1863 2749 450 1162 1148 9225 12523 10874 0

NK Vancor 2013 1953 2791 361 1054 1023 9195 12533 10864

Buffalo 1710 1824 2699 521 1274 1076 9105 12344 10725

WL 311 1627 1810 2822 371 1215 1198 9043 13017 11030

Arc 1939 1906 2562 344 1067 1193 9012 11958 10485 Land O' Lakes Epic 1866 1961 2837 447 1159 714 8984 13305 11144

WL 318 1626 1528 2805 413 1222 1346 8940 14226 11583

WL 312 1758 1852 2268 488 1232 1316 8915 13490 11203

NAPB Vangard 1483 1767 2668 383 1119 1232 8652 12491 10572 Pioneer Florida 77 1195 1485 2647 481 1196 1110 8114 13109 10612 Mean of Test 1821 1902 2910 426 1199 1220 9478 12965 11221

L.S.D. Waller Duncan 173 175 379 89 193 244 725 940 529

K Ratio

=

-+Experimental.

lISeeded September 21, 1981 on a Portsmouth soil at rate of 25 lbs/A.

Soil test report at seeding: pH - 5.6, Zinc index - 24, Copper index - 42. PI 89, KI 28. Manganese index - 28, organic matter - 3.4.

Fertilizer at seeding (lbs/A): _{2000 lime, 54 P205, 108 K20, 3 Boron, 10 manganese, 12 zinc.} Maintenance: February 24, 1983 - 160 K and 3 Boron.

21

Table 15. FVT 203 Dry matt7r yields of alfalfa on the Piedmont Research Station in Rowan County,

NC-Harvest Dates, 1983 1983

Brand Variety 5/5 6/9 7/7 8/9 11/21 Total

Pounds Per Acre Dry Foragef/

Oairy1and Seed OS214 2138 2702 2239 509 646 8234 Great Plains Shenandoah 1509 2484 2364 494 703 7555

Pioneer 526 1704 2405 2132 490 445 7176

NAPB Armor 1637 2383 2186 421 543 7169

Pioneer 531 1650 2462 2058 326 654 7150

NK Raidor 1785 2482 1874 349 575 7065

WL 312 1581 1993 2122 542 800 7037

DeKa1b Advantage 1622 2252 2187 382 430 6874

NAPB 17 1695 2221 2074 358 464 6813

Dairyland Seed DS216 1689 2306 1972 323 496 6787 Great Plains Cimarron 1709 1948 1941 401 713 6711 WL Southern Special 1688 1735 1903 424 822 6571

WL 313 1478 2011 2054 328 631 6502

Dairyland Seed Magnum 1616 2148 1886 294 489 6434

Pioneer 532 1464 2123 2039 324 458 6409

OeKa1 b 120 1521 2165 1775 359 581 6401

FFR Weev1chek 1520 2116 1972 297 461 6366

FFR Classic 1428 1838 1982 383 671 6301

FFR Hi-Phy 1433 2113 1815 342 517 6221

Arc 1754 2103 1500 272 484 6113

DeKalb 130 1210 2006 1814 382 610 6022

NAPB Apollo 1360 1959 1718 406 493 5936

NK Vancor 1443 1814 1743 380 523 5903

WL 311 1308 1707 1691 408 768 5882

WL 318 1696 1637 1449 292 685 5759

Pioneer 555 1084 1460 1679 356 656 5235

NAPB Baron 1145 1201 1411 340 756 4853

Pioneer Florida 77 866 1310 1348 321 687 4532

Mean of Test 1526 2039 1890 375 599 6429

L.S.D. Waller Duncan 365 277 665 412 187 1341 K Ratio

=

lISeeded September 3,1982 at a rate of 20 lbs/Acre on a Davidson clay loam soil. Soil test report at seeding: pH 6.1, Humic matter .1%, PI 013, KI 80

Fertilized at seeding (lbs/Acre) 24 N, 144 PO, 144 K 0, 3 B

Weed control (lbs/Acre a~;.) January 1,19832_51 lb. 2~ 4-DB, July 27 - Spot Spray

22

Table 16. FVT 190 Dry matter Y1?lds of red clover on the Mountain Research Station in Haywood County,

NC-Harvest Dates, 1983 _{1983 1982 1981} Three_Year Brand Variety 6/11 6/15 7/20 8/23 Total Total Total Average

Pounds Per Acre Dry Forage~

NAPB Redland 4005 2987 1897 517 9406 10233 4711 8117

Kensta r 3398 2291 1790 423 7903 9904 2983 6930

FFR Redman 3676 2118 1109 225 7127 8776 3489 6462

NK Flori e 2657 2265 1311 256 6489 9650 4179 6773

Chesapeake 2409 1915 856 191 5371 7393 3231 5332

Mean of Test 3229 2315 1392 322 7259 9191 3718 6723

L.S.D. Waller Duncan 700 498 139 59 476 733 938 412 K Ratio

=

lISeeded March 26,1981 at rate of 15 lbs/A on a Dyke soil.

Soil test report at seeding: PI - 35, KI - 134, pH - 6.2, organic matter - 1.7 Fertilizer (lbs/A) at seeding: 138PO, 180 K 0

Maintenance: November 3, 1981 - 110~205' 110~20 and 1000 lime March 15, 1983 - 54 P, 206 K 0

23

Table 17.

FVT 196

Dry matter yields of red clov

₁₁

on the Tidewater Research

Station in Washington County, NC,

1982-Harvest Dates, 1983

₁₉₈₃

₁₉₈₂

Two

_Year

Brand

Variety

5/3

6/2

7/6

Total

Total

Average

Pounds Per Acre Dry Foragef!

Ken1and

3072

1745

2286

7103

12286

9694

Kenstar

2827

1784

2137

6748

11756

9252

FFR

Redman

2696

1676

2133

6506

11759

9132

NAPS

Red1and II

2703

1668

2129

6499

12070

9284

NK

F10rie

2139

1857

2201

6198

11794

8996

Mean of Test

2687

1746

2177

6611

11933

9359

L.S.D. Waller Duncan

748

NS

NS

NS

NS

NS

K Ratio

=

100

!/Average of four replications in 1983, five replications in 1982.

flSeeded September 22, 1981 on a Portsmouth soil at a rate of 15 pounds per acre.

Soil test report at seeding:

pH 5.8, organic matter 3.4, zinc index 24,

Copper index 42, Manganese index 28.

PI 87, KI 38.

Fertilizer (lbs/A) at seeding:

_{2000 lime, 54 P205, 108 K20, 10 Manganese and}

12 zinc.

24

Table 18. FVT 197 Df1 matter yields of 1adino clover on the Tidewater Research Station in Washington County,

NC-Brand Variety 4/21

Harves t Dates , 1983

5/19 6/14 7/6 11/2 1983 Total

Two 1982 Year Tota 1 Average Pounds Per Acre Dry ForagJ!

+NC 2 1839 2009 1956 1609 961 8373 5588 6980 +NC 5 (VR) 1673 1901 2030 1658 997 8260 5339 6799 Ti llman 1664 1818 1957 1570 1094 8103 5885 6994 +NC 1 1505 1993 2015 1548 932 7992 5338 6665 NK Arcadia 1376 1770 2227 1558 859 7789 6338 7063 Ca1/West Saturn 1580 1853 1915 1495 940 7783 4915 6349 Ca1/West Crown 1427 1819 1879 1583 845 7551 5359 6455 Regal 1305 1824 1897 1508 990 7523 6070 6796 MeanQf.Test 1546 1873 1984 1566 952 7922 5604 6763 L.S.D. Waller Duncan 121 102 262 NS NS 433 704 416 K Ratio =100

Means: Pure Clover 1295 1742 1917 1459 606 7019 5219 6119 Clover-Fescue Mix 1797 2004 2051 1673 1299 8825 5989 7407

F-Test _{** **} NS NS NS _{** **}

+Experimenta 1s.

lISeeded September 22, 1981 on a Portsmouth soil at rate of 5 pounds per acre. The test is a split plot design with each 10· x 20' plot split in half and Ky. 31 fescue randomly seeded in either right or left side at rate of 15 pounds per acre. March 4, 1982 additional seed added at rate of 7 1bs/A clover and 5 1bs/A fescue and raked into the soil. Rain followed immediately.

Soil test report at seeding: pH 5.5, organic matter 3.4, zinc index 24, copper index 42 and manganese 18. PI: 92 KI: 50

Fertilizer (lbs/A) at seeding: 2000 lime, 54 P_205, 108 K_20, 10 manganese and 12 zinc. Maintenance: February 24, 1983 36K.

Insect Control (lbs/Acre a. i .): 1 Furadan. YAverage of five replications.

Table l8A. FVT 197 Percent clover in c10ver1~fescue mixture plots on the Tidewater Research Station in Washington County, NC

-Harvest Dates, 1983

Brand Variety 4/21 5/19 6/14 7/6 11/2 Average Percent C10verY

+NC 2 57.4 75.4 87.4 87.7 57.8 73.8 +NC5 (VR) 54.6 74.7 88.9 86.6 46.2 72.5 Tillman 63.4 72.4 82.1 86.4 47.4 71.0 +NC 1 43.5 73.5 87.8 88.6 48.0 70.5 Ca1/West Crown 55.2 64.6 88.7 78.8 33.9 66.4 Ca1/West Saturn 59.8 73.2 83.0 81.4 17.1 65.6 NK Arcadia 56.9 65.5 85.2 76.4 20.6 65.0 Regal 61.7 68.8 88.4 74.5 23.5 64.6

Mean Qf Test _{~ ZhQ. ~ ~ ~ ~}

L.S.D. Waller Duncan NS NS NS NS 20.9 NS K Ratio =100

+Experimenta 1s.

lI See Table 18 for methods explanation and cultural practices.

Table 19. FVT 167 Df1 forage yields of orchardgrass on the Upper Piedmont Research Station in Rockingham County,

NC-Harvest Dates, 1983 _{1983 1982 1981 1980 1979 Year}Five Brand Variety 5/2 6/6 10/31 Total Total Total Total Total Average

Pounds Per Acre Dry Foragef!

FFR Hallmark 3134 2700 1132 6966 5862 5536 6144 5744 6055 Boone 2812 2973 1025 6810 5919 5038 5975 5038 5756 Piedmontl' 2459 2929 1100 6488 5930 5090 5518 4613 5528 Pickseed Ina 2155 3218 917 6291 5584 5167 5071 4540 5330 FFR Able 1635 3501 735 5871 5331 4422 4779 3968 4874 NK Orbit 2081 2917 849 5846 5418 4455 5097 4412 5045 Pickseed Kay 1167 3946 704 5818 4204 4081 4289 3760 4431 NK Saborto 1534 3271 810 5615 4241 4242 5129 3437 4532 N

(J1

NK +K2-8 1435 3247 543 5224 4445 3803 4528 4109 4422 NK +K8-122 800 3459 606 4866 4559 3511 4658 '3891 4297 Mean of Test 1921 3216 842 5980 5149 4536 5119 4351 5027 L.S.D. Waller Duncan 448 492 140 779 578 1173 679 390!l 407

+Experimental.

lISeeded September 8, 1978 at 20 lbs/acre on an Appling fine sandy loam soil. Fertilized (lbs/A) at seeding: 28 N, 56 P 0 and 84 K 0

Maintenance (lbs/A): March 12, 1979 - 75~,550 P~O~ a~d 100 K_20; AU9ust 23, 1979 - 75 N February 21, 1980 - 75 N, 8 20 and 85 K 0; August 27, 1980 • 75 N February 24, 1981 - 75 N, 72 P20~, 216KBO~ September 8, 1981 - 75 N February 16, 1982 - 88 N, 90 P_205, 90 K

B

;

March 8, 1983 - 60 N, 86 - PO, 259 K , May 5 - 50 N, August 8 75 N Weed Control (lbs/A) ai): January 30,1979 - .5 B~n~el; Apr~l 6, 1981 - 1 lb.

2,4-0-September 8, 1981 - Ropewick Roundup on Johnsongrass; April 5, 1982 .75 lb. 2, 4-0 2 Hand rogued in March 1982.

26

Table 20.

FVT 204

Dry matter yields of cool season perenni,} grasses on

the Piedmont Research Station in Rowan County,

NC-Harvest Dates, 1983

1983

Brand

Variety

4/26

5/25

7/25

11/21

Total

Pounds Per Acre Dry Forage

fJ

FFR

Forager Fescue

4478

3459

3391

2914

14242

Kenhy Fescue

3773

2981

2762

3679

13196

Pioneer

Bastian Per. Ryegrass

4545

4174

1811

2159

12689

Pioneer

Ellett Per. Ryegrass

5044

3102

1526

2377

12049

Ky. 31 Fescue

3958

2664

2437

2509

11568

Johnstone Fescue

3440

2648

2778

2090

10955

FFR

Hallmark Orchardgrass

3994

2930

1551

2223

10697

Green Seed

Shiloh Orchardgrass

4204

2959

1577

1946

10687

Boone Orchardgrass

3700

2895

1551

1719

9865

AU-Triumph Fescue

2181

2102

2324

2669

9276

Mean of Test

3932

2991

2171

2429

11522

L.S.D. Waller Duncan

621

370

680

923

1656

K Ratio

=

100

lISeeded September 3,1982 on a Davidson clay loam soil.

Soil test report at glanting:

pH 6.4, Humic matter 0.1%, PI 015, K-I 72

Fertilizer at seedin

(lbs/Acre): 24

N,

144 PO, 144 K 0

Maintenance:

February 21,1983 50

N,

April

2~ ~O

N,

Au~ust

9 75

N

27

Table 21. FVT 195 Dry matter yields of cool season perennial

l?rasses on the Tidewater Research Station in Washington County,

NC-Harvest Dates, 1983

1983 1982 Two Year Brand Variety 4/27 5/18 11/1 Total Total Average

Pounds Per Acre Dry Foragef!

Ky. 31 Fescue 2496 1873 4130 8499 7388 7944 FFR Forager Fescue 3515 1398 3045 7957 9061 8509 Kenhy Fescue 2022 1648 4236 7906 9385 8646 International Tetre1ite II PR1! 2274 2188 1910 6373 14973 10673 Green Seed Shiloh Orchardgrass 1692 1494 3145 6330 6938 6634 FFR Hallmark Orchardgrass 1640 1471 3081 6192 6850 6521 Boone Orchardgrass 1613 1522 2959 6094 5646 5870 International ISI-80-A Orchardgrass 1465 1658 2585 5708 6621 6165 Pickseed INA Orchardgrass 1224 1715 2726 5665 5924 5795 Pickseed Juno Orchardgrass 1336 1855 2459 5650 6534 6092 International 1S1-80-B Orchardgrass 1006 1702 2769 5477 6047 5762 FFR Able Orchardgrass 907 1622 2590 5119 5412 5265 Internationa 1 ISI-80-C Orchardgrass 702 1621 2636 4959 6001 5480 Pickseed Grimalda Tetraploid PR1!1706 1604 1360 4670 9624 7147 International rSI-78-1 Rescuegrass 2122 1380 914 4415 10518 7466 Internat i ona1 _{1S1-79 Rescuegrass3/} 2632 1016 662 4310 12552 8431 Pickseed Francis Diploid PR- 3 1364 1432 1085 3880 10537 7209 Pickseed Nestor Tetraploid PR-I 1231 1809 804 3844 10595 7220

Mean of Test 1719 1612 2394 5725 8367 7046

L.S.D. Waller-Duncan 287 207 641 829 1291 726 K Ratio

=

lISeeded September 21, 1981 on a Portsmouth soil.

Soil test report as seeding: pH 5.5, organic matter 3.4, zinc index 24, PI 089, KI 64 copper index 42, and manganese 18.

Fertilizer (lbs/A) at seeding: 2000.1ime, 54 P_{205, 108 K20, 10 manganese and} 12 Zlnc.

November 12, 1982 - 40 N March 5, 1982 - 75N July 8, 1982 - 40 N

Maintenance (Lbs/A): February 24, 1983 36K, 50 N, April 27, 1983 50 N, August 25, 1983 75 N.

Table 22.

FVT 159

Dry matter11ie1ds of warm season perennial forages on the Piedmont Research Station

in Rowan

NC-Harvest

1983

₁₉₈₃

₁₉₈₂

₁₉₈₁

₁₉₈₀

Four

_Year

Entry

6/9

7/7

8/9

9/28

Total

Total

Total

Total

Average

Pounds Per Acre Dry Foragef!

Tifton 44 Bermuda

1719

3297

1147

1799

7961

13368

13280

7832

10610

Coastal Bermuda

1158

2773

802

3104

7836

11245

12794

10843

10679

+Pennisetum f1accidum

3420

1966

508

1037

6931

10941

12348

10980

10300

Mean of Test

2099

2679

819

1980

7576

11851

12807

9885

10529

L.S.D. Waller Duncan

1051

381

463

595

NS

NS

NS

1444

NS

K Ratio

=

100

(X)

+Experimenta1.

lIP1anted March 23, 1978 on a Lloyd clay loam.

Fertilizer (lbs/A):

February 28, 1980 - 115 P205' 115 K?O

50 N - April 16, June 12, Ja1y 11 and August 14, 1980

Fertilized March 9, 1981 P 0 - 67, K 0 - 202

April 22 - 75 N, June 8 -

~05N,

July

~O

- 50 N, August 24 - 50 N

February 24, 1982 - 50 N, 100 PO, 100 K 0

April 22, 1982 - 50 N, June'9,

~982

- 50

~,

July 9, 1982 50 N.

March 30,1983 - 50 N, 150 P205, 150 K?O, June 9 - 50 N, July 7 - 50 N, August 9- 50 N

Weed Control:

1.5 (a.i.) 2,4-0 - Marth 31,1980

Burned:

February 28, 1980; March 9, 1981; February 24,1982, March 30,1983.

29

Table 23. FVT 171 Dry matter yields of warm season perennial fora~ls on the Upper Piedmont Research Station in Rockingham County,

NC-Harvest Dates, 1983 Four

1983 1982 1981 1980 Year Entry 6/6 7/5 8/8 9/21 Total Total Total Total Average

Pounds Per Acre Dry Forage Yie1dsf!

Tifton 44 Bermuda 851 2435 693 1470 5449 12345 9367 9411 9143

Midland Bermuda 1461 1562 467 1231 4721 9910 7847 8387 7716

+Pennisetum f1accidum 1583 2058 251 798 4690 8814 7190 10793 7872

Coastal Bermuda 764 2070 457 1057 4348 10380 8204 9577 8127

Mean of Test 1165 2031 467 1139 4802 10362 8152 9542 8215

L.S.D. Waller Duncan 710 734 378 NS NS 1577 1111 1748 590 K Ratio =100

+Experimenta1.

lIP1anted June 6, 1978 on an Appling fine sandy loam soil. Fertilization (lbs/A) at planting: 50 N, 100 P

205, 160 K20 March 12, 1979 - 80 PO, 160 K 0

April 17, 1979 - 50N~ 3une 14,21979 - 50 N August 23, 1979 - 50 N

February 21, 1980 - 55P?O~, 105 K₂₀ and 1025 lime April 23, 1980 - 50 N, Jane 4, 1980 - 50 N July 10, 1980 - 50 N, August 7, 1980 - 50 N February 24, 1981 - P 0 72, K 0 - 216

April 27, 1981 - 75N~ ~ay 4 _250 N, July 2 - 50 N, July 20 - 50 N September 8, 1981 - 50 N

February 16, 1982 - 50 N, 100 P_205, 100 K_20, April 29, 1982 - 50 N June 2, 1982 - 50 N, July 8, 1982 - 50 N

March 8, 1983 - 86 P_205, 259 K_20, March 29 - 50 N, June 6 - 50 N, July 5 - 50 N, August 8 - 50 N Weed Control:

April 5, 1982 .75 lb. 2,4-0. April 29, 1982 1.5 1bs. 2,4-0 + .5 lb. dicamba. May 5, 1983 - 1.5 lb. 2,4-0 + 0.25 lb. Banve1.

May 26 - Spot Roundup

Table 24.

30

FVT 200

Dry matter yields of warm season

forages on

University Research, Unit 1, Wake County, NC!1

Harvest Dates, 1983

6/27

8/15

9/26

Total

1983

Total

1982

Two

Year

Average

Pounds Per Acre Dry Forage

fJ

Tifton 44 Bermuda

Coastal Bermuda

4761

2862

3812

2670

2852

2761

1284

1099

1191

8714

6813

7763

13125

8680

10902

10919

7746

9333

lI

P1ant ed in March, 1981 on a Cecil clay loam

Fertilizer (lbs/A)

Maintenance:

_{March 22, 198a - 50 N, 50 P205' 100 K20}

June 17, 1982 - 50 N

July 22, 1982 - 50 N

March 3, 1983 - 50 PO, 100 K 0

April 1,1983 - 50

N~

5June 272- 50 N, August 15 - 50 N

Burned:

February 23, 1982, March 3, 1983

31

Table 25. FVT 201 Dry matter yields of warm season perennia1_1;orages on the Tidewater Research Station in Washington County,

NC-Harvest Dates _{1983 1982}

_Y

Pounds Per Acre Dry Forag~

Kan10w Switchgrass 4509 2169 2523 2131 11332 4084 7708 Coastal Bermuda 2193 3008 3110 2753 11063 3222 7143 Tifton 44 Bermuda 2127 2462 2410 2377 9376 4799 7088 Plains B1uestem 1301 2681 1419 3926 9328 7120 8224 +Pennisetum f1accidum 2159 1485 1619 2864 8127 7260 7693 Dallisgrass 1433 2026 2063 2454 7976 4600 6288 Pensacola Bahia 595 1656 2348 1525 6124 779 3451

Mean of Test 2045 2212 2213 2575 9046 4552 6799

L.S.D. Waller Duncan 688 311 344 455 1037 1566 736 K Ratio

=

Percent Crude Protein

ll

Coastal Bermuda 9.29 7.25 8.27 12.46 9.32 Kan10w Switchgrass 8.15 6.35 12.88 9.80 9.29 Da11isgrass 6.21 8.39 10.88 11.38 9.21 Tifton 44 Bermuda 8.74 7.54 8.80 11.30 9.09 +Pennisetum f1accidum 7.60 7.66 9.56 11.06 8.97 Plains B1uestem 7.63 7.54 8.95 11 .21 8.83 Pensacola Bahia 6.38 7.99 10.34 10.36 8.77

Mean of Test 7.71 7.53 9.95 11.08 9.07

L.S.D. Waller Duncan 2.34 .98 1.46 1.26 .58 K Ratio

=

+Experimenta1.

!!P1anted March 24, 1982 on a Portsmouth soil.

Soil analysis at planting: pH 5.5, organic matter 3.4, zinc index 24, copper index 42 and manganese 18. P-I 089, K-I 28.

Fertilization (lbs/A) before planting: 2000 lime, 50 N, 54P20~, _{108 K20}

10 manganese, and 12 zinc. Maintenance: June 10, 1982 - 50 N, July 8, 1982 - 40 N

February 24, 1983 - 102 K; April 1,50 N; June 14,50 N July 19, 50 N; August 25, 50 N.

Weed Control: July 8, 1982 - 1 qt/A 2,4-0. April 27, 1983 - 1 lb/A 2,4-0 flYields represent total accumulated growth.

~Average of five replications.

32

APPENDIX

List of Appendix Tables

1.

Climatological Data for Washington County Location

2.

Climatological Data for Wake County Location

3.

Climatological Data for Rockingham County Location

4.

Climatological Data for Rowan County Location

5.

Climatological Data for Haywood County Location

6.

Climatological Data for Pitt County Location

Page

33

34

35

36

37

33

Table 1.

Temperature and precipitation for Washington County - 1983

(FVT 194, 195, 196, 197, 201).

Temperature

Departure

from long

Month

Mean

tenn mean

Highest

Date

Lowest

Date

Jan.

41.2

- .9

65

7

15

19

Feb.

43.1

- .8

73

22

22

12+

Mar.

53.5

2.6

80

15

23

26

Apr.

56.3

-4.0

87

28

29

21+

May

66.6

-1 .1

88

15

38

18+

June

72.8

-1.5

94

28

49

13

July

79.1

1.1

98

22+

49

11

Aug.

79.2

1.9

103

22

52

15

Sept.

72.4

.4

99

11

41

25

Oct.

63.2

1.7

88

5

31

28

+A1so earlier date or dates.

Precipitation (inches)

Departure

No. days with

from long

Greatest in

precipitation

Month

Total

tenn mean

24 hours

Date

0.10 in or over

Jan.

3.27

- .90

.78

28

10

Feb.

7.63

3.65

1.40

14+

12

Mar.

9.31

5.13

2.60

18

11

Apr.

4.81

1.67

1.48

16

9

May

2.98

-1.68

.71

16

6

June

7.56

3.03

3.68

8

7

July

2.17

-4.13

.55

30

7

Aug.

2.96

-2.89

1.35

23

3

Sept.

6.12

1.50

2.05

1

5

34

Table 2.

Temperature and precipitation for Wake County - 1983

(FVT 207, 200).

Temperature

Departure

from long

Month

Mean

term mean

Highest

Date

Lowest

Date

Jan.

38.9

-1.3

63

31+

14

19

Feb.

41.9

- .2

69

23

21

12+

Mar.

52.5

2.4

80

16

28

26

Apr.

56.3

-4.1

87

29

31

19

May

69.0

-1 . 1

86

15

43

10

June

75.1

.2

93

27+

51

2

July

80.8

2.0

101

22+

56

8

Aug.

80.8

2.8

104

22

56

16+

Sept.

73.0

.9

100

12+

42

26+

Oct.

61.7

.8

88

5+

39

28

+A1so earlier date or dates.

Precipitation (inches)

Departure

No. days with

from long

Greatest in

precipitation

Month

Total

term mean

24 hours

Date

0.10 in or over

Jan.

1.58

-2.26

.40

3

Feb.

5.73

1.98

1.56

11

10

Mar.

8.15

3.96

3.76

18

10

Apr.

3.75

.44

1.82

16

9

May

4.45

.23

1.67

21

6

June

3.76

.03

1.34

8

7

July

1.65

-3.19

.75

6

2

Aug.

2.67

-1.85

1.33

24

3

Sept.

2.42

-1.43

1.31

14

3

35

Table 3.

Temperature and precipitation for Rockingham County - 1983

(FVT 162, 167, 171).

Temperature (OF)

Departure

from long

Month

Mean

term mean

Highest

Date

Lowest

Date

Jan.

36.2

-1.8

60

31+

13

20+

Feb.

39.0

-1.2

66

23

19

12

Mar.

49.1

.9

77

16

27

23

Apr.

52.6

-5.8

83

28

27

19

May

64.4

-2.0

85

15

39

10+

June

72.6

- .5

92

26

49

2

July

78.3

1.4

100

22

53

8

Aug.

77.8

1.9

103

22

51

15

Sept.

68.9

- .9

98

12

35

24

Oct.

56.9

-1.8

85

5

35

31+

+A1so earlier date or dates.

Precipitation (inches)

Departure

No. days with

from long

Greatest in

precipitation

Month

Total

term mean

24 hours

Date

0.10 in or over

Jan.

1.57

-2.00

.50

22

4

Feb.

4.64

1.35

1.25

11

10

Mar.

6.50

2.47

1.25

18

11

Apr.

6.92

3.58

2.41

3

7

May

3.20

- .52

.66

30

5

June

1.91

-2.01

.49

15

9

July

.40

-3.74

.10

24+

3

Aug.

1.69

-2.20

.69

24

4

Sept.

1.25

-2.50

.47

14

4

36

Table 4.

Temperature and precipitation for Rowan County - 1983

(FVT 159, 202, 203, 204)

Temperature (OF)

Departure

from long

Month

Mean

term mean

Highest

Date

Lowest

Date

Jan.

36.1

61

8

13

19

Feb.

39.3

66

23+

20

9

Mar.

49.1

77

16

24

23

Apr.

52.8

81

29+

26

20

May

64.6

86

15

37

10

June

72.1

91

28+

50

2

July

78.5

100

25+

50

8

Aug.

78.5

104

22

52

15

Sept.

69.3

96

12+

36

25'

Oct.

57.7

83

5+

32

28

+A1so earlier date or dates.

Precipitation (inches)

Departure

No. of days with

from long

Greatest in

precipitation

Month

Total

term mean

24 hours

Date

0.10 in or over

Jan.

1.88

.72

22

5

Feb.

5.74

1.01

11

8

Mar.

6.19

1.20

18

13

Apr.

4.71

1.07

24

10

May

3.25

.85

20

6

June

4.20

1.48

22

6

July

.67

.46

26

2

Aug.

1.31

.48

Sept.

2.54

1.20

5