binary toxin
Development and Optimization of a High-Throughput Assay To Measure Neutralizing Antibodies against Clostridium difficile Binary Toxin
... a binary toxin referred to as ...related binary toxins found in other clostridial species, such as Clostridium botulinum C2 toxin and Clostridium perfringens iota toxin ...(6–8). ...
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Clostridium difficile Binary Toxin CDT Induces Clustering of the Lipolysis Stimulated Lipoprotein Receptor into Lipid Rafts
... difficile binary toxin CDT is a member of the iota-like, actin ADP-ribosylating toxin ...this toxin family, namely, the lipolysis-stimulated lipoprotein receptor (LSR), has been ...
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Frequency of Binary Toxin Genes among Clostridium difficile Strains That Do Not Produce Large Clostridial Toxins
... additional toxin, a binary toxin designated CDT (6, 19, ...for binary toxins found in other clostridial species, CDT is composed of two unlinked components, which are both needed for toxic ...
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Prevalence and Characterization of a Binary Toxin (Actin Specific ADP Ribosyltransferase) from Clostridium difficile
... the toxin in 310 isolates from various hospitals in Japan and Korea and from healthy infants in In- ...of binary toxin genes in these 214 toxigenic strains ...Chemother.). Binary ...
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Is there a relationship between the presence of the binary toxin genes in Clostridium difficile strains and the severity of Clostridium difficile infection (CDI)?
... the binary toxin genes in Clostridium difficile strains and the severity of Clostridium difficile infection (CDI)? European Journal of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, 36 ...
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Genome Characterization of a Novel Binary Toxin-Positive Strain of Clostridium difficile and Comparison with the Epidemic 027 and 078 Strains
... the binary toxin (CDT) that is encoded on a locus (CdtLoc) physically separated from the PaLoc [5, ...the binary toxin–positive strains are generally 027/ST1 or 078/ST11, and both of them were ...
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Genome characterization of a novel binary toxin-positive strain of Clostridium difficile and comparison with the epidemic 027 and 078 strains
... the binary toxin in bacterial ...the binary toxin enhanced two PCR-ribotype 027 strains (R20291 and M7404) in mice by suppressing protective colonic eosinophilia ...the binary ...
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Rapid Molecular Characterization of Clostridium difficile and Assessment of Populations of C difficile in Stool Specimens
... and binary toxin genes A and B (cdtA and cdtB, respectively) were designed by using Primer Express (version ...functional binary toxin gene, avoiding areas of homology to box 1, box 2, and box ...
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Clinical Utility of Laboratory Detection of Clostridium difficile Strain BI/NAP1/027
... negative regulator of tcdA and tcdB (1). This 18-bp deletion was previously postulated to impact the function of tcdC. However, subsequent genomic sequence analyses of BI/NAP1/027 strains demonstrated deletion of a ...
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Fecal Bacteriotherapy for Relapsing Clostridium difficile Infection in a Child: A Proposed Treatment Protocol
... the binary toxin gene cdtB and an 18 base pair deletion in tcdC (restriction endonuclease anal- ysis group BI, North American pulsed- field type 1, polymerase chain reaction ribotype O27 [BI/NAP1/O27]) has ...
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Community-acquired infection with hypervirulent Clostridium difficile isolates that carry different toxin and antibiotic resistance loci: a case report
... at identifying polymorphisms in the gyrA and gyrB genes, determinants of quinolone resist- ance. Then, regions of such genes were amplified and sequenced following a previously proposed methodology [9]. The sequences ...
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New Types of Toxin A Negative, Toxin B Positive Strains among Clostridium difficile Isolates from Asia
... Toxinotyping of C. difficile strains has already been applied to two large European strain collections from the Universite´ Catholique de Louvain in Brussels, Belgium (23), and the Anaerobe Reference Unit, PHLS, in ...
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The pitfalls of laboratory diagnostics of Clostridium difficile infection
... Negative, Toxin B-Negative, Binary Toxin-Positive Clostridium difficile in a Young Patient. 117[r] ...
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Characteristics, Treatment, and Outcomes Associated with Clostridium difficile Associated Diarrhea in a Veterans Affairs Medical Center
... The binary toxin has been present in the epidemic strain though its exact role is not well defined [8] [9] [12] ...the binary toxin gene and more severe cases of ...of toxin A and B ...
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Epidemiology of Clostridium difficile infection in hospitalized adults and the first isolation of C difficile PCR ribotype 027 in central China
... produces toxin A, toxin B and a third unrelated binary toxin (CDT), as well as carrying an 18 bp deletion in tcdC gene, has spread rapidly in various countries in Europe ...the toxin A ...
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Efficacy of the vegetative cells of Lysinibacillus sphaericus for biological control of insecticide resistant Aedes aegypti
... The binary toxin produced by Lysinibacillus sphaericus in the final stages of sporulation is used for mosquito control due to its specificity against the culicid larvae; however, it has been proved that ...
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Recombinant bacteria for mosquito control
... the binary toxin of Bacillus sphaericus, improving efficacy against Culex species by 10-fold and greatly reducing the potential for resistance through the presence of ...
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Diminished Clostridium difficile toxin A sensitivity in newborn rabbit ileum is associated with decreased toxin A receptor
... In that toxin A is the major cause of intestinal damage with this organism, we compared toxin A receptor binding and biological effects in newborn vs adult rabbit ileum.. Purified toxin [r] ...
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New Players in the Toxin Field: Polymorphic Toxin Systems in Bacteria
... polymorphic toxin with its cognate immunity protein ...the toxin can be found upstream of the toxin gene (such as cdiB) and orphan modules encoding alternate toxic domains (CT), and their cognate ...
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Design, expression, and testing of a bivalent subunit botulism vaccine for use in cattle
... Botulism intoxication in cattle is a serious problem that needs to be addressed. Current vaccines offer protection but are based on lysed cells and inactivated toxin. These formulations are dangerous to produce ...
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